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ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Some Aspects of Caprine Mycoplasmasmosis(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1987) Anup Bhaumik; B. B. VermaThe present study was conducted on some aspects of caprine mycoplasmosis. The salient features of the investigation were: 1. The incidence of Mycoplasma species in natural cases of pneumonia in kids was found to be 20.7 percent. This was lower than found earlier by other workers. The present result indicated that control and preventive measures taken against the infection were effective. 2. Two mycoplasmas ware isolated from these cases: M. mycoides subsp. mycoides (81.8 %) and Marginini (18.2 %). 3. The strain of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides isolated from clinical cases was found to be highly pathogenic as it produced mycoplasmia in mice and a typical disease of broncho-pneumonia in kids. All the kids died between 8 and 16 days post inoculation, showing symptoms of acute pneumonia. 4. The nasal discharge of experimentally infected kids was found positive for . mycoiden subsp. mycoides on 6th day post inoculation and remained positive till the kids died. 5. Agglutinins appeared on 12th day post inoculation in 2 kids and in 3 Kidson 14th day. Thus agglutination test was not found sensitive test to detect, agglutinins or diagnose the disease at the earlier stage.ThesisItem Open Access Experimental Studies on oral fluid Therapy in Goats Diarrheic Goats(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1987) Abdul Salam Osmani; R. P. SinhaThe opidemiological investigation revealed that the majority of goats suffered from diarrhea when they approached lush green grasses. The overall incidence of diarchoae in adult goats was 16.3% in a population of 350 goats. The analysis of different causative agents of diarrhoea indicated 59.65% of goats suffered from diarrhoes due to bacteria, 10.52% due to haemonchus infection, 3-51% due to trichuris infection, 3.52 due to trichostrongylus infection and 22.81% due to dietetic errors. Among the bacteria E coli was the onlyisolates from diarrheic goats. All isolates of g coli ware tested biochemically and the serotypes 024 025 °45′ °54' °61 °121* °138 148 and untypable strains were isolatad, out of which only 028 and 045 serotypes were found highly pathogenic. Majority of E. coli strains ware sensitive to chloramphenicol. Diarrhea vas induced in goats by administering magnesium sulphate which caused gradual loss of body weight and on day 9 of diarrhea there was 10.54 ± 1-24 to 10.58 1.32% loss of body weight. Such a model to study the fluid volume and electrolyte losses in adult ruminants, as a result of diarrhoea was made for the first time. Significant rise of packed cell volume (0.37 0.009 to 0.38 0.013 1/1) from normal 0.29 0.010 to 0.32 0.012 1/1 was noted significant fall of blood pH (7.08 0.051 to 7.16± 0.021) in diarmhoaic goats was noted on day 9 of diarrhoeaThesisItem Open Access Studies on Contagious Caprine Pleuropnemonia with Particular reference to its Sero- Prevalence Determination by Complement fixation test(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1982) Gopal Singh Kansam; B. B. VermaPresent investigation was carried out to map out of the prevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia of kids in ICAR Coat Unit, Ranchi Veterinary College, Ranchi and goats of Menipur, in order to map out its prevalence a total of 218 goats from Cost Unit of Ranchi Veterinary College, Ranchi and Spon five districts of Manipur were studied. Out of 163 goats from ICAR Goat Unit, Ranchi Veterinary College, Ranchi, 71 were Black Bengal, 92 were cross-bred (Block senal x Jamunopori), 52 were mole, 111 female, 60 vere 0-3 months of age, 58 were 3-6 months of age and 37 were 6 months above. Serum samples were collected from each of 163 goats. These were tested for complement fixing antibodies using Mycoplama Acalacting antigen. The distribution of goats showing highest or antibodies according to age, sex and breed indicated that more younger kids of 0-3 months (35.2) were highly significant than the kids of 3-6 months (31%) and 6 months above (21.6 s). There was no significant difference as far as sex was concerned. Similarly, no significant difference was also observed in the two breed groups of pure Black Bengal and Cross bred (Black Dangel x Jamunapari). A comparison of reactor rates to different categories of animals suggested that the contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCFF) was exclusively confined to the goat population irrespective of age, sex and breed of the animale.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Incidence on Chemotherapy of Bovine trypanosomiasis (Trypanosma evansi)(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1984) Kafeel Ahnad; B. B. Verma1.studies on incidence of surra in cattle and buffaloes were carried out by examination of blood smears and care prepared from enlarged lymph nodes in all 240 number of cattle and 87 buffaloes were examined out of this 19 of cuttle (7.91 %) and 9 of buffaloes (10.34 %) were found positive. Thus overall incidence of disease in cattle and buffaloes ware (8.56 %). II. 22 clinical cases showing nervous symptoms were also investigated only 2 of them were found positive for surra. other were rabies (31.81 %), avitaminosis (27.27 %), anaemia (9.09 %), paraplegia (9.09 %), parturient paresis (4.54%), naval 111 (4.54 %) and paralysis of hypoglossal nerve (4.54 %). In addition to 2 cases of surra showing nervous symptoms another 2 cases were also encountered in which symptoms were different. Cardinal symptoms were intermittent fever of 30 to 45 cays, progressive loss of body weight moderate degree of anemia and occasional coughing. The local strain of Trynanosona evensi was found highly pathogenic to mice all nice died between 48 and 60 hours post inoculation. Further the cross-bred calves between 1 and 1 years of age were also found to suffer from subacute and chronicThesisItem Open Access Experimental Studies on oral Fluid therapy in Adult diarrheic Goats(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1987) Abdul Salam Osmani; R. P. SinhaPH increased significantly on day 9 of treatment to 7.34 0.021 and 7.32 0.040 in both the groups, and 2 respectively, whereas increase of ruminal fluid pH during treatment was not significant. Likewise significant increase of blood glucose level to 2.73 0.012 to 2.86 ± 0.27 mmol/1 was noted but the increase of serum calcium and total sarum protein was not significant during the period of ORS. Serum sodium level in T₁ group and ruminal fluid sodium level in both the groups increased significantly on day 9 of CRS whereas the increase of serum sodium level in 72 group was highly significant. But non-significant rise of serum potassium and ruminal fluid potassium level was noted during the days OF CRS in both the groups. It was, thus, concluded that the ORS II containing sodium chloride, trisodium citrate 2-hydrate, glycine and glucose was superior to ORS I containing sodium chloride, calcium gluconate, magnesium sulphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dextrose and glycine.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on incidence comparative diagnosis and control of Bovine Mastities in and around Ranchi(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1987) Bhabatosh Pal; B. B. VermaStudies on some aspects of bovine mastitis in cows and buffaloes of organized dairy farms and cases brought at the College Hospital were studied with reference to incidence, association of occurrence of subclinical mastitis with number of lactation, quantity of milk production, stage of lactation, comparison of sensitivity and specificity of indirect tests, isolation of causative organisms, in vitro drug sensitivity test, level of Chloramphenicol in blood and milk of affected buffaloes and efficacy of the treatment. The salient features of investigation were: 1. The incidence of all forms of mastitis in cows was 39.5 per cent. The incidence of subclinical mastitis vas 28.39 per cent. In buffaloes overall incidence of mastitis was 41.07 per cent. The incidence of subclinical mastitis in buffaloes vas 23.21 per cent. Thus from this study it was concluded that the incidence of subclinical mastitis both in cows and buffaloes was fairly high in this region. 2. The association of number of lactation with the occurrence of subclinical mastitis in cows was investigated. It was found that the increased number of lactation, the incidence of mastitis was high. It was 50 per cent in 4th lactation, whereas it was only 7.4 per cent in 1st lactation.ThesisItem Open Access Comparative evaluation of ethanolic extracts of Litsea monopetala and Schleichera oleosa bark for wound healing activity in rabbits(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2023) Vishwaranjan Kumar; A.K. SharmaThe present study was conducted in the Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi. For that 15 adult rabbits of either sex weighing 1.5-2.5 kg were randomly procured from rabbit Farm College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry after assessing good health condition and divided in three groups based on completely Randomized Design. Health status of rabbits was managed for 15 days in a uniform environment to ensure minimum clinical variation during the study. Before experiment, barks of Litsea monopetala and Schleichera oleosa were collected from forest around Ranchi district. Barks were separately shade dried, powdered and hot extraction process was done by using ethanol solution in soxhlet apparatus. Extracts were stored separately at cool place for clinical evaluation further. All the animal were divided into three groups having 5 animals in each group, group 1 animals were treated with normal saline, group 2 animals treated with ethanolic extract of litsea monopetala (Meda) bark &group3 animals treated with ethanolic extract of Schleicheraoleosa (Kusum) bark on day 0th, 3rd, 7th, 12th & 20th day interval. In each animal’s aseptically wound was created on dorsum position of the rabbits, for that two full thickness skin wounds of size measuring 1cm x 1cm were created surgically at the proposed site on either side of the dorso-median plane. A total of 4 wounds were created with 4 cm distance between two wound of same side and between the contra lateral wounds. The wounds were treated daily with the respective treatment groups solution and dressed with micropore adhesive tap till complete healing. Blood was Collected from ear vein on 0, 3, 7, 12 and 20th days for assessment of systemic infection by evaluation of Total Leucocyte count (TLC) & Differential Leucocytic count (DLC). To study the histomorphological and histochemical changes in healing tissue, biopsy sample was collected from the junction of wound and intact skin from all the experimental wounds in each of the three groups on 3rd, 7th, 12th and 20th days. Finally, all the biopsy tissues were preserved in 10% neutral buffer formalin solution for further study. Clinical parameters like pain sensitivity, wound colour, granulation and exudates were taken into account at different time interval. To measure the contraction percentage of wound, initial area of the wound and final area of the wound were measured at different time intervals. To study the histomorphology of created wound of different treatment groups, the biopsy sample section was stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin solution under resolution of 400x to assess the leukocyte infiltration, fibroplasia, epithelization and neo-vascularization on 3rd, 7th, 12th and 20th days of experimentation. To account the histochemical changes for collagen, elastin and reticulin formation on different treatment groups were stained with Van Gieson’s stain (collagen), Weigert’sresorcin-fuchsin stain (elastin) and Robb smith’s modification of foot’s silver impregnation stains (reticulin) solution at 400x resolution on 3rd, 7th, 12th, and 20th days of experimentation. All the data obtained were subjected to statistically analyzed as per method described by Snedecor and Cochran (2004) by using SPSS software 16.0. One Way ANOVA was used to analyze uniform parametric data whereas, Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test were used to analyze nonparametric data. Results of the experiment for clinical observation found that pain was observed in all the animals during first two days of surgical wound creation which slowly diminished by 3rd day in all the animals. Significant (P<0.05) reduction of pain is observed in group 2 on 3rd day as compared to control group animals. Non-significant pain reduction was observed from the 7thday in animals of all the groups. No significant difference in pinkish wound colour & granulation tissue growth observed among the groups during the entire time interval. Similarly, non-significant amount of serous type exudates was observed in control group, however no exudates were observed in group 2 & group 3. Morphometric study showed significantly higher (P<0.05) wound contraction in group 2 as compared to control group from 3rd day of onwards at different time intervals. Almost complete healing was observed in group 2 by day 20th. Histomrphological studies of biopsy sample of wound healing process showed significantly higher (P<0.05) fibroplasia on 3rd day in group 2 as compared to control animals. Marked (P<0.05) epithelialization observed in 3rd and 7th days on group 2 as compared to control group animals. However, epithelialization was non significantly variable between group 2 & group 3 animals during the entire period of observation. Non-significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in leucocyte infiltration among the groups at different intervals during entire period of experimentation. Histochemical studies related to collagen formation was observed in third day in all animals. Formation of thick collagen was significantly higher in group 2 on 7th day as compared to other group. Wavy collagen formation was better in group 2 followed by group 3 and then control group. Elastin formation was evident since 3rdday in all the treatment group. Elastinfiber formation was significantly lower in control group as compared to group 2 and 3. However, mean ± SE score of elastin fiber at different intervals did not show significant variationsbetween group 2 and 3. Reticulin formation was observed on 3rd day of experiment in all the groups. The dense and diffuse reticulinfiber formation was significantly higher in group 2 & group 3 as compared to control on day 7th.while values were non significantly differed (P>0.05) between group 2 & group 3. The non-significant reticulinfiber formation was observed on 12th & 20th days of experiment in all the groups. Haematological observation related to TLC and DLC to assess systemic infection of different groups on different time interval were non-significant. However, alternation in TLC and DLC was observed in all groups after treatment but values were within normal physiological range. On the basis of present findings following conclusions may be drawn: CONCLUSION • Pain sensitivity score was lower (P<0.05) on 3rd day of observation in group 2 (Meda) as compared to control (group 1) and group 2 (Kusum). However, pain sensitivity was similar between the control and Kusum groups. Meda has shown good analgesic property from the day 7th onwards till the end of observation. • Changes in wound colour score was found (P<0.05) on 12th days onwards in Medagroup however color was similar between control and Kusum groups. • Meda group showed non-significant increase (P>0.05) in granulation as compared to other group. • Percentage of contraction was significantly higher (P<0.05) in Meda as compared to control and Kusum group. However, contraction was non significantly higher in Kusum group compared to control. • Meda groups showed non-significantly higher score of Leucocyte infiltration &neovascularization process as compared to control and kusum. • Fibroplasia was significantly higher (P<0.05) in meda group on day 3rd as compared to control & Kusum. • Epithelialization was higher (P<0.05) in Meda groups on different time intervals as compared to control and Kusum groups. • Collagen &reticulin formation was significantly higher (P<0.05) only on 3rd day in Meda and Kusum group as compared to control, whereas, elastin formation was significantly higher (P<0.05) in Meda and Kusum group as compared to control during entire period of study. • There were transient &non significant changes in the TLC and DLC parameters in all the groups but remain in normal physiological limits. • Based on the results it is concluded that treatment with Litsea monopatela (Meda) showed better anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in terms of wound healing in rabbits as compared to control and Schleichera oleosa (Kusum) treated rabbits.ThesisItem Open Access Studies On Microbial Flora Of Marketed Rohu And Its Keeping Quality Under Refrigenration(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1990) Sinha, Dharmendra Kumar; S.P. ChoudharyThe present work was undertaken to study the microbial flora of marketed Rohu and its keeping quality under refrigeration. The work was completed in two parte. In the first part, a total of 30 Rohu were examined. There were collected from different fish markets in Ranchi in a period of about 5 months June to November, 1989). Their hygienic quality, bacterial flora of public health significance, sources of contamination and enter pathogenicity of the most common isolates were determined. The hygienic quality of marketed Rohu were determined by total viable, coliform, faecal streptococcal and sulphite reducing clostridial counts. It was concluded on the basis of these counts that marketed Rohu were of poor hygienic quality. Other microbial counts taken were, . aureup, Gran's negative bacteria, psychrotrophic Grem's negative bacteria and yeast and moulds. On an average it was found that gills of marketed chu have a higher microbial load followed by skin and muscle. Altogether, 6 zpactes of Gran's positive bacteria, 16 spices of Gran's negative bacteria, 3 genera of moulds and one of yeast were isolated from different parts of marketed Rohu. The microorganisms vith a per cent distribution of 100 were, Hicrococcus spp., Proteus mirabi lig, Klebsiella oxytoce and Aeromonas hydrophila. 0111s harboured more types of microflora than the skin and muscle. Salmonella newport was isolated from gills and intestine of one of the marketed Rohu and perhaps it was the first report of its isolation from fish.ThesisItem Open Access Studies On Incidene And Chemotherapy Of Intestinal Nematodiasis In Suckling Calves(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1990) Pradhan,Krishna; D. K. ThakurIt was observed that pomegranate on an average was 78.2% effective. Although it did not suppress faecal eggs counts completely, a distinct reduction rate of 76 % against strongyloides spp., 89 % for bursate worms, 83 % for Ascaris and 69 % for a mixed infection of ascaris and bursate worm respectively were recorded by 7th day. Cucurbit seeds however, showed an efficacy of 40 percent. A substantial pod effect was observed though complete cessation in fiscal eggs output was not found. An efficacy of 45 % and 43 respectively were noted against pure bursate infection and mixed trichuris barsate vorm by 7th day. On the other hand, an efficacy of 29 % against mixed ascaris - bursate and 99 % against strongyloides bursates infection were noted by 7th day.
