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2018 - 201912020 - 20221
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Subject: Soil Science and Water Management × Author: MASTA, KIRAN ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    RESPONSE OF APRICOT (Prunus armeniaca L.) CV. NEW CASTLE TO SYSTEMS OF NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2022-09) MASTA, KIRAN; SHARMA, UDAY
    ABSTRACT The studies entitled “Response of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cv. New Castle to systems of nutrient management” were carried out at HR&TS and KVK, Kandaghat during 2020 and 2021, with the objectives to evaluate the effects of different nutrient management strategies on soil properties, leaf nutrient contents, plant growth and yield and ultimately on the economics of apricot production. Bearing apricot cv. New Castle bearing trees of age more than 20 years and planted at a distance of 5×5 m were subjected to different treatment combinations viz. Jeevamrit+Ghanjeevamrit @ 40 kg, 60 kg and 80 kg/bigha each, FYM+Jeevamrit+PGPR (RD of N through FYM), FYM + Biofertilizers + PGPR (R.D. of N through FYM), 80% RDF in combination with Jeevamrit, Ghanjeevamrit, Biofertilizers and PGPR and 100 % FYM + RD of N, P and K (Recommended dose) taking one treatment as an absolute control. The soil pH and electrical conductivity did not vary significantly with the systems of nutrient management. The maximum values for organic carbon (22.75 and 20.40 g kg-1) were in FYM+ BF + PGPR (RD of N through FYM) followed by FYM+JA+PGPR (RD of N by FYM), JA+ GJA @ 80 kg/bigha each and 100% FYM+ RD of N, P and K. Available N of 529.60 kg ha-1 was found to be maximum in surface soils under 80% RD+PGPR followed by JA+GJA @ 80 kg/bigha each. Surface soil P was maximum (144.57 kg ha-1) in FYM+JA +PGPR (RD of N by FYM). Similarly, maximum available K in surface soils was recorded under 100 % FYM + RD of N, P and K (771.27 kg ha-1) closely followed by 730.35 kg ha-1 in 80 % RD+JA. Exchangeable calcium, magnesium and sulphate-sulphur did not vary significantly. Maximum DTPA extractable Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn as well as the microbiological parameters were reported under organically amended soils as well as soils receiving natural farming treatments like Jeevamrit and Ghanjeevamrit. The sub-surface (20-40 cm) soils also followed the similar trend although their contents were slightly lower than the surface depths. The maximum leaf N (3.15%), Ca (2.78%), Mg (0.74%), S (0.28%), Cu (14.45 ppm), Fe (198.31 ppm) and Mn (78.77 ppm) were found in 100 % FYM + RD of N, P and K. The organically amended and naturally farming treatments were at par in case of many leaf nutrients. Similarly for fruit parameters the 100 % FYM + RD of N, P and K gave maximum trunk girth (72.07 cm), annual shoot length (85.96 cm), tree height (5.08 m), tree spread (4.08 m), canopy volume (44.25 m3), leaf area (38.01 cm2), fruit weight (31.83 g), fruit volume (31.93 cc), fruit length (36.93 mm), fruit breadth (39.80 mm), TSS (16.24 ºB), fruit set (78.03 %) and also fruit yield (37.1 kg tree-1). Although the values for other systems of management were lower but in many treatments they were statistically at par making them equally viable. The maximum agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (215.19 kg kg-1), agronomic phosphorus use efficiency (922.89 kg kg-1) and agronomic potassium use efficiency (376.85 kg kg-1) were recorded in the treatment comprising of the application of Jeevamrit and Ghanjeevamrit @ 40 kg per bigha each. But the best economic option was 100 % FYM + RD of N, P and K with a ratio of 2.9:1 followed by 80 % RD + Ghanjeevamrit with B:C ratio of 2.4.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECTS OF FOLIAR NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM APPLICATIONS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF FIG (Ficus carica L.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2018-10) MASTA, KIRAN; SHARMA, UDAY
    ABSTRACT The present study entitled, “Effects of Foliar Nitrogen and Potassium Applications on Growth and Yield of Fig (Ficus carica L.)” was carried out in the model farm of Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, during the years 2016-17 and 2017-18. Thirteen treatment combinations arranged in a randomized block design comprising two levels of nitrogen viz. N0.5 (0.5 per cent urea) and N1.0 (1.0 per cent urea); two levels of K i.e. K1 (1.0 per cent KNO3) and K2 (2.0 per cent KNO3) and two application times i.e. September and January, replicated thrice. The maximum leaf N was recorded under treatment T9 (2.71%), whereas, the highest leaf P (0.38%), leaf K (1.22%) and leaf Ca (4.64%) were recorded under treatment T13, comprising nitrogen application through urea spray @ 1.0 per cent and potassium through KNO3 @ 2.0 per cent twice during September and January. The maximum leaf micronutrient contents were also observed in the same treatment. Similarly, maximum annual shoot growth was under treatment T13 (29.72 cm), which also recorded maximum fruit set of 59.50 per cent, maximum fruit length of 26.60 mm, highest fruit yield (1 kg/tree) and minimum acidity values of 0.13 per cent in 2017 and 0.10 per cent in 2018. The relationships of leaf nutrient contents of N, P, K, Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn with fruiting and plant growth were found to be positive and significant. The correlation values for leaf K with annual shoot growth and fruit weight (0.64*), leaf Zn with annual shoot growth (r= 0.83**), leaf Cu with fruit acidity (r=0.69**), leaf iron with annual shoot growth (r= 0.58*) and acidity (r= 0.64*), while leaf Mn content with fruit weight (r=0.63*) and TSS (r= 0.60*) were obtained.