Loading...
Theses
Browse
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access AN INNOVATIVE GREEN TECHNOLOGY FOR AGRICULTURAL WASTE UTILIZATION(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-10) SHARMA, KANIKA; SHARMA, NIVEDITAABSTRACT In the present investigation, different agricultural wastes were collected from Himachal Pradesh and their adjoining states i.e. Punjab and Haryana and an attempt had been made to utilize this waste as substrate for its enzymatic degradation to enhance their saccharification and bioconversion to ethanol by co-fermentation with ethanologens. Based upon the chemical composition of mixed agricultural waste and large availability of rice straw, these were finally selected for further study. Different physico-chemical pretreatment methods applied to rice straw/mixed waste, where maximum reducing sugars i.e. 46.98 and 44.45 mg/g from rice straw/mixed waste respectively were obtained in microwave pretreatment. After optimization of different process parameters by one factor at a time (OFAT) approach for enzymatic saccharification under SmF, highest reducing sugars reported from untreated and pretreated rice straw/mixed waste were 34.40 and 56.70 mg/g; 38.0 and 63.50 mg/grespectively, at enzymatic ratio of 3.5:1.5, 50oC temperature, 5.5 pH, incubation period 72 h and 7.5% biomass loading followed by CCD of RSM by varying temperature, pH and incubation time. SEM analysis revealed that the surface structure of rice straw/mixed waste was significantly changed after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. The reducing sugars so obtained were analyzed using HPLC technique. In 2nd mode i.e. SSF (biological degradation), two fungal strains selected P. chrysoporium and P. ostreatus fungal strains had showed maximum amount of reducing sugars produced i.e. 55.70 and 49.05 mg/g by using microwave pretreated rice straw and mixed waste respectively. After optimization of process parameters through OFAT and RSM maximum reducing sugars from untreated and pretreated rice straw (450 watt) /mixed waste (600 watt) had the critical values as 51.12 and 37.98 mg/g; 71.99 and 73.10 mg/g respectively, at 30 and 25oC temperature and incubation period 10 days respectively. Among two processes of ethanol fermentation evaluated in the present study, SHF was found to be the best in terms of highest ethanol productivity with S. cerevisiae I+ P. stipitis as best fermenting microorganism from enzymatic saccharified and fungal degraded sugary syrup. Estimation of bioethanol production after enzymatic saccharfied/ biological degrdaded microwave pretreated rice straw/mixed waste hydrolysate fermented by co-culture of S. cerevisae I and P. stipitis was done with the help of GC-MS. Scale up of ethanol fermentation using 7.5 l stirred tank bioreactor, batch conversion of rice straw/mixed waste enzymatic saccharified hydrolysate to ethanol was carried out by co-culture of S. cerevisiae I + P. stipitis under SHF. The highest ethanol yield of 52.14 and 46.89 g/l with 88.12 and 80.01 % of fermentation efficiency was achieved after 48 and 36 h of fermentation with an agitation speed of 200 rpm and aeration rate of 0.05vv, pH 6 at 25 ±2°C and inoculating the bioreactor with 24 h old co-culture of yeasts (S. cerevisiae I + P. stipitis). Also to combat the pollution problem, value addition of agricultural waste for cultivation of mushroom supplemented with apple pomace had emerged as an ecofriendly technique with higher yield and better utilization substrate.ThesisItem Open Access SELECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PGPR FROM RHIZOSPHERE OF CAPSICUM (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2009) MANDYAL, PRIYANKA; KAUSHAL, RAJESHThesisItem Open Access SELECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOPHYTIC AND RHIZOSPHERIC MICROORGANISMS OF CHRYSANTHEMUM (DENDRANTHEMA GRANDIFLORA TZVELVE)(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2009) SHARMA, KHUSHBOO; KAUSHAL, RAJESHThesisItem Open Access EFFECT ON GROWTH OF PEA SEEDLINGS BY PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2009) AHLUWALIA, NEHA; SHIRKOT, C. K.ThesisItem Open Access PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF ALKALINE XYLANASE BY BACILLUS MACERANAS IN SOILD STATE FERMENTATION OF APPLE POMACE(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2009) SHARMA, VINAYAK; SHIRKOT, C. K.ThesisItem Open Access PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING POTENTIAL OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (PGPR) ISOLATED FROM TOMATO SEEDLINGS(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2009) SHARMA, NIPUN; SHIRKOT, C. K.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF CARRIERS AND METHODS OF APPLICATION FOR PLANT GRWOTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIAL (PGPR) INOCULANTS ON APPLE(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2009) THAKURM SANGEETA; KAUSHAL, RAJESHThesisItem Open Access PURIFICATION OF CELLULASE AND HEMICELLULASE PRODUCED FROM POTENTIAL MICROBAIL ISOLATES(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2012) DOLMA, SONAM; SHARMA, NIVEDIAThesisItem Open Access IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TECHNIQUES TO IDENTIFY AND TO STUDY PLANT BENEFICIAL PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES(DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2009) BHADORIA, SMITA; KAUR, MOHINDER