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Open Access
STUDIES ON STAGGERED PLANTING AND JEEVAMRIT APPLICATION ON FLOWER AND CORM PRODUCTION OF GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus hybrida L.)
(UHF Nauni, 2024-05-06) NEHA GRACE ANGEL KISKU; Puja Sharma
The present investigation entitled “Studies on staggered planting and jeevamrit application on flower and corm production of Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrida L.)” was carried out at Research Farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, (Nauni) Solan (HP) for two consecutive years; 2022 and 2023. The experiment was laid out in RBD (Factorial) with three replications. Two cultivars ‘Punjab Dawn’ and ‘Pusa Kiran’ were planted at three different dates (25th January, 25th February and 25th March) and were given two drench applications of jeevamrit @ 20% (15 days interval, 30 days interval) along with RDF as control. Between the cultivars, ‘Punjab Dawn’ when planted on 25th January and drenched with jeevamrit at 15 days interval, resulted in maximum number of florets (13.73) and floret size (10.00 cm). Staggered planting of gladiolus on 25th January, 25th February and 25th March resulted in continuous flowering from early May to late July. The 25th January planting is the most profitable with a benefit-cost ratio of 3.73 and is best for corm production, yielding the highest number and quality of corms and cormels. Applying jeevamrit as a drench at 15 days interval produces high-quality gladiolus stems, enhancing spike length, number of florets, and vase life. This method yields the highest benefit-cost ratios: 3.73 for 'Punjab Dawn' and 3.33 for 'Pusa Kiran'. For corm production, jeevamrit drenching every 15 days also results in the best outcomes in terms of the number of corms per plant, corm weight, and corm size.
Open Access
OFF-SEASON POT MUM (Dendranthema grandiflora TZVELEV) PRODUCTION THROUGH PHOTOPERIODIC MANIPULATION AND PINCHING
(UHF Nauni, 2024-05-28) DIVESH THAKUR; Puja Sharma
The present investigation entitled “Off-season pot mum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) production through photoperiodic manipulation and pinching” was carried out at Research Farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, (Nauni) Solan (HP) for two consecutive years; 2022 and 2023. The experiment was laid out in CRD (Factorial) with three replications. For pot mum production, genotype ‘UHFSChr-56’ was planted at six different times of the year (15th March, 15th April, 15th May, 15th June, 15th July and 15th August) with four pinching treatments (no pinch, single pinch, double pinch and triple pinch) under two photoperiodic conditions (natural photoperiod and controlled photoperiod). In March planting, triple pinching resulted in the production of best quality pots with maximum pot presentability (95.88 and 94.95 during 2022 and 2023, respectively) and benefit-cost ratio (5.34 in controlled photoperiod). In April planting, the best pots were noted in triple pinch with maximum pot presentability (97.57 and 96.50 during 2022 and 2023, respectively) and benefit-cost ratio (5.44 in controlled photoperiod). In case of May planting, the best results of pot presentability (97.56 and 96.68 during 2022 and 2023, respectively) and benefit-cost ratio (4.83 in natural photoperiod) were observed in triple pinch. Further, June planting resulted in maximum pot presentability (97.16 and 96.08 during 2022 and 2023, respectively) and benefit-cost ratio (5.16 in natural photoperiod) when plants were subjected to triple pinch. However, in July planting, double pinched plants gave the best results for pot presentability (95.65 and 94.62 during 2022 and 2023, respectively) and benefit-cost ratio (4.84 in natural photoperiod). In August planting, single pinched plants gave the best result of pot presentability (87.16 and 86.67 during 2022 and 2023, respectively) and benefit-cost ratio (4.59 in natural photoperiod). Further, out of all planting dates, April planting of ‘UHFSChr-56’ subjected to triple pinch and grown under controlled photoperiod produced the best quality offseason pots with maximum benefit-cost ratio (5.44). Hence, off-season flowering pots of ‘UHFSChr-56’ could be successfully produced by staggered planting starting from March to August using different pinching treatments.
Open Access
STUDIES ON INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. ‘Siracole
(UHF Nauni, 2024-05-27) POONAM SHARMA; Suman Bhatia
The present investigation entitled “Studies on integrated nutrient management in Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. ‘Siracole’” was carried out at the experimental farm of the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during the years 2021-22 and 2022-23. In the experiment different combinations of organic fertilizers i.e. Jeevamrit, Humic acid and Seaweed extract with different levels of inorganic fertilizer dose (30:20:20 g/m2 NPK) i.e. 100%, 80% and 60% were used. Thirteen such treatment combinations were made and the experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three number of replications. Results from the experiment showed that vegetative and flowering parameters viz., plant spread (55.49 cm), number of primary branches (8.54), number of secondary branches (63.19), duration of flowering (97.70 days), size of flower (7.06 cm), number of marketable flowers per plant and per square meter (181.93 and 1631.00, respectively), weight of single flower (8.88 g), flower yield per plant (1526.56 g) and flower yield per square meter (11.42 kg) was found maximum when plants were treated with the foliar application of 5% Jeevamrit (at 15 days interval) and 80% Inorganic fertilizer dose (30:20:20 g/m2 NPK). Additionally regarding the plant physico-chemical properties, fertilizer treatment i.e. foliar application of 5% Jeevamrit (at 15 days interval) and 80% Inorganic fertilizer dose (30:20:20 g/m2 NPK) also showed high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (4.65%, 2.16% and 7.20%, respectively) and total chlorophyll content (41.73 mg/100g) in the leaves of marigold plant. Moreover, for soil physico-chemical analysis high nitrogen (403.47 kg/ha), phosphorus (41.88 kg/ha), potassium (342.45 kg/ha), organic carbon (1.50%) and viable microbial count (110.67 x 105 cfu/g) in the soil were found under the treatment comprising of drench application of 5% Jeevamrit (at 15 days interval) along with 80% Inorganic fertilizer dose (30:20:20 g/m2 NPK). Further, foliar application of 2% Humic acid (at 15 days interval) in combination with 80% Inorganic fertilizer dose (30:20:20 g/m2 NPK) was found to be superior in terms of carotenoids content (163.33 mg/100g), total flavonoids (232.13 mg/100g), total polyphenols (313.07 mg/100g) and antioxidant activity (87.87%) in flower petals. Earliness in flowering (81.61 days) and maximum shelf life of flowers (5.91 days) was also observed under this treatment. While working out the benefit cost ratio, maximum B:C ratio (4.01:1) was calculated under the treatment comprising of foliar application of 5% Jeevamrit (at 15 days interval) with 80% Inorganic fertilizer dose (30:20:20 g/m2 NPK).
Open Access
STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF NUTRITIONAL AND GROWTH REGULATOR MODULES ON QUALITY CUTTING PRODUCTION OF MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. Siracole
(UHF Nauni, 2024-05-18) NITESH KAUSHAL; Bharati Kashyap
The present investigation titled “Studies on the influence of nutritional and growth regulator modules on quality cutting production of Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. Siracole” was carried out at the Research Farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, (Nauni) Solan (HP) for three consecutive years; 2022, 2023 and 2024. The experiment was laid out in RBD (Factorial) with three replications. The two experiments were conducted on the effect of different nutritional modules and growth regulators on cutting production of marigold cv. ‘Siracole’ and the comparative effect of cutting production modules on growth and flowering. In Experiment-I, it was observed that the application of 30-20-20 g/m2 NPK with exogenous application of GA3 @ 100 ppm resulted in longer cutting length (10.58 cm) whereas number of cuttings per plant (92.92) and per m2 (826.64) was observed more when mother block was treated with BA @ 100 ppm + RDF. Jeevamrit application @ 2 L/m2 at 15 days interval produced the cuttings with maximum diameter (3.64 mm), weight of cuttings (1.62 g), rooting percentage (84.50 %), maximum number of roots per cutting (35.46) and survival percentage (81.59 %). Out of the harvesting flushes, the cuttings produced from second flush (H2) were having maximum diameter of cuttings (3.57 mm) and weight of cuttings (1.73 g) which was at par with H1, while the maximum rooting percentage (81.90 %), maximum number of roots per cutting (29.78) and maximum survival percentage (78.07 %) was observed in H1. Out of the seasons, more rooting percentage (82.43 %), maximum number of roots per cutting (30.11) and survival percentage (80.53 %) was observed in summer season. In Experiment-II, Out of three flushes (H1) i.e. first harvest of cuttings was better in terms of number of marketable flowers per square meter (1054.21), marketable flower yield per plant (844.69 g) and marketable flower yield per square meter (97.27 kg). Out of seasons, the cuttings planted during summers resulted into maximum number of marketable flowers per square meter (1047.93), marketable flower yield per plant (938.39 g) and marketable flower yield per square meter (8.00 kg). Both the nutritional modules i.e. Jeevamrit @ 2 L/m2 and RDF produced equivalent number of marketable flowers per square meter (1021.59 and 1012.81; respectively), marketable flower yield per plant (853.85 and 821.62 g; respectively) and marketable flower yield per square meter (7.29 and 7.00 kg; respectively). Hence, it can be concluded that Jeevamrit @ 2 L/m2, an organic amendment, can serve as an alternative to chemical fertilizers for quality flower production in marigold cultivar ‘Siracole’
Open Access
STUDIES ON CUTTING PRODUCTION OF NOVEL MUTANTS OF CARNATION (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) UNDER THE ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZATION SYSTEM
(UHF Nauni, 2024-05-24) SHREEDHAR BEESE; SR Dhiman
The present investigation entitled, “Studies on cutting production of novel mutants of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) under the organic and inorganic fertilization system’’ was carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P) during the years 2022 and 2023. The study included two experiments which were conducted separately on cutting production of novel mutants of carnation under the influence of different fertilization modules and storage of unrooted cuttings and their subsequent rooting behavior after storage to regulate the market demands. In the first experiment to determine the best fertilizer module for obtaining quality cuttings in six different carnation genotypes i.e., ‘UHFSCar-1’, ‘UHFSCar-4’, ‘UHFSCar-5’, ‘UHFSCar-11’, ‘UHFSCar-18’, ‘UHFSCar-22’. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (Factorial) with 3 fertilizer modules and 6 genotypes, replicated thrice. The second experiment was conducted with the main objective was to find out the effect of pre-harvest organic and inorganic fertilization modules on cold storage and rooting of carnation cuttings of six different genotypes which are fertilized with different fertilizer modules. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (Factorial) with 3 storage durations along with the control, 3 fertilizer modules and 6 genotypes, replicated thrice. Findings of the first experiment revealed that fertilizer module FM3 comprising of RDF-20-5-5 g/m² NPK (as basal) + 200ppm N [80 ppm Nano Urea + 80 ppm Potassium nitrate (multi K) +40 ppm Ca(NO3 )2 ]+ 280 ppm K (as fertigation twice a week, starting after 30 days of planting) resulted in the production of cuttings with minimum days taken for first and successive harvesting of cuttings (23.07 days), maximum diameter (0.85 cm), weight (7.89 g), Internodal length (1.67 cm), number of leaves (8.80), number of cuttings per plant per harvest (6.26), total number of cuttings (22.10), yield of cuttings per meter square (152.78) and cost benefit ratio (1:7.43). Results of the second experiment revealed that cuttings stored for 15 days resulted in minimum percentage of weight loss (6.15 %) and maximum cost benefit ratio (1:1.98). Cuttings that were stored for 15 days (S1) and 30 days (S2) resulted in 93-97 per cent rooting. The studies also indicated that carnation cuttings can be stored up to 45 days at 4°C without significant change in quality and quantity of cuttings.
Open Access
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF CHRYSANTHEMUM IN RESPONSE TO STAGGERED PLANTING
(UHF Nauni, 2024-04-09) SABHYA PATHANIA; Sita Ram Dhiman
The present investigation entitled, “Effect of organic and inorganic fertilization on growth and flowering of chrysanthemum in response to staggered planting” was carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P) during 2021-22 & 2022-23 under open field conditions. The experiment comprised of 24 treatment combinations of two cultivars (‘Purnima’ and ‘Solan Shringar’), six planting dates (15 June, 30 June, 15 July, 30 July, 15 August and 30 August), two fertilization modules i.e. inorganic (RDF) and organic (Jeevamrit @ 30 ml/plant as drenching at 15 days interval). Findings revealed that June 15 planted crop of ‘Solan Shringar’ under the influence of inorganic fertilization recorded maximum plant height (76.18 cm and 86.64 cm, respectively), plant spread (33.52 cm and 38.04 cm, respectively), number of cut stems per plant (5.13 and 5.53, respectively), length of cut stem (65.68 cm and 75.03 cm, respectively), stem strength (9.70o and 9.17o, respectively), duration of flowering (23.00 days and 26.33 days, respectively) and b.c ratio (1.82 and 1.93, respectively) during both the years. Whereas, June 15 planted crop of ‘Purnima’ under inorganic fertilization module recorded maximum flower diameter (11.46 cm and 12.14 cm, respectively), available nitrogen in soil (325.84 kg/ha and 327.21 kg/ha, respectively), available phosphorous in soil (39.37 kg/ha and 41.35 kg/ha, respectively) and available potassium in soil (358.90 kg/ha and 360.05 kg/ha, respectively) during both the years. June 15 planted crop of ‘Purnima’ under organic fertilization module proved better for vase life (17.73 days and 18.53 days, respectively), organic carbon content in soil (1.154% and 1.171 %, respectively) during both the years, however, viable microbial count viz., bacterial, actinomycetes and fungal (133.68 × 107 cfu g-1 soil, 62.91 × 102 cfu g-1 soil and 31.88 × 102 cfu g-1 soil, respectively), viable microbial biomass (53.69 μg g-1 soil) and enzymes viz., Dehrogenase and Phosphatase (4.18 mg TPF h-1 g-1 soil and 26.45 μmole PNP h-1 g-1 soil, respectively) in soil were recorded after the termination of field experiment. Minimum number of days taken to visible bud initiation (34.87 days and 28.87 days, respectively) and days taken to reach the harvesting stage (93.60 days and 76.53 days, respectively) were recorded in ‘Purnima’ when planted on August 30 under the inorganic fertilization module during both the years. This suggests that organic fertilization module can act as an alternative for chemical fertilizers in consideration to the low input cost along with improving soil health and have the potential to contribute to better financial outcomes.
Open Access
PERFORMANCE OF WINTER FLOWERING ANNUALS UNDER NATURAL FARMING SYSTEM
(UHF Nauni, 2023-12-23) AIDONCHIGAME N MARAK; Dr Reshma Negi
The present investigation titled, “Performance of winter flowering annuals under natural farming system” was carried out in the experimental farm of the department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during October, 2022 to April, 2023. To study the effect of natural farming system on different winter flowering annuals. Treatments of eight winter season flowering annuals with two sub treatments viz. T1: Natural farming system i.e Jeevamrit @500ml/m2 at 15 days interval and T2: Inorganic farming system i.e Recommended dose of fertilizer NPK (20:20:20) were applied through basal dose as well as drenchind method. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (Factorial) with sixteen treatments combinations of replicated three times. The observations recorded were based on growth, flowering and seed parameters. The results revealed that natural farming system performed better as compared to inorganic farming system in terms of growth, flowering and seed parameters. Maximum plant height (53.86cm), plant spread (37.65cm), number of branches per plant (14.33), number of flowers per plant (56.38), flower diameter (4.09cm), duration of flowering (40.49days), seeds per flower (75.76), seed yield per plant (3.68g), seed yield per plot (33.37g) and 1000 seed weight (1.74g) were obtained from plants under natural farming system. While, minimum days taken for flowering (90.53days) were recorded from plants under inorganic farming system.
Open Access
STUDIES ON PROPAGATION OF MARIGOLD CV. ‘SIRACOLE’
(UHF Nauni, 2024-01-24) PRIYANKA SHARMA; Dr Suman Bhatia
The present investigation entitled ‘Studies on propagation of marigold cv. Siracole’, was carried out at Floriculture Farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2022-23. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Block Design (Factorial) to study the effect of various combinations of rooting media i.e., Cocopeat, Sand, Perlite and Vermicompost and different rooting hormone i.e., 500 ppm NAA, 250 ppm NAA on quality cutting production of marigold under different planting dates from February to July. Different root parameters like percent rooting, number of roots, length of the longest root, root fresh and dry weight, root volume and percent survival were observed to check the rooting performance of cuttings under different NAA treatments, various rooting media and different planting dates. From the studies, early rooting (18.33 days), maximum number of roots per cutting (43.37), fresh weight of roots (251.23 mg), dry weight of roots (29.69 mg), root volume (0.359 cm3) and highest percent survival (97.39%) of rooted cuttings were recorded when cuttings were treated with 500 ppm NAA as a rooting hormone and planted in the medium consisting of Cocopeat + Sand + Vermicompost (1:1:1v/v) in the month of June. While maximum percent rooting (96.82%) was found when 500 ppm treated cuttings were planted in the media comprising Cocopeat + Sand + Perlite (1:1:1v/v) in the month of June. From the studies, it may be concluded that 500ppm NAA is the best rooting hormone treatment for quality cutting production of marigold cv. ‘Siracole’ when planted in rooing medium consisting of Cocopeat + Sand + Vermicompost (1:1:1v/v). Further, June planting was found most suitable for quality cutting production.
Open Access
STUDY ON THE SUITABILITY OF WINTER SEASON FLOWERING ANNUALS FOR CUT FLOWER PRODUCTION UNDER INORGANIC AND NATURAL FARMING PRACTICES
(UHF Nauni, 2023-11-04) SIMRANN; Dr Reshma Negi
The present investigation title “Study on the suitability of winter season flowering annuals for cut flower production under inorganic and natural farming practices” was carried out in the experimental farm of the department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during October, 2022 to April, 2023 for cut flower production and to check the vase life. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (Factorial), six winter season annuals were selected with two treatments viz. Jeevamrint @500 ml/m2 (drenching) in natural farming and recommended dose of fertilizer (basal dose) as conventional method replicated thrice. The observations recorded were based on vegetative, flowering and longevity of different winter season annuals. The results revealed that among two cultivation system maximum plant height (75.72 cm), maximum plant spread (36.67 cm), minimum number of days taken for flower bud formation (86.30 days), minimum number of days taken to flowering (118.22 days), maximum flower diameter (3.29 cm), maximum duration of flowering (38.32 days), maximum number of cut stems per plant (10.42), maximum stem length (46.67 cm) and maximum vase life (10.20) were observed in natural farming system

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