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Subject: Biotechnology × Author: KAMAL THAKUR × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GERMPLASM CHARACTERIZATION, IDENTIFICATION AND IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF ELITE GENOTYPES OF Saussurea costus (FALC.) LIPSCH - AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL HERB
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2023-12-16) KAMAL THAKUR; RAJNISH SHARMA
    ABSTRACT Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch (Asteraceae), commonly known as kuth is a perennial, medicinally important endangered medicinal herb of the Indian Himalayan region. The roots are known for their abundant metabolic compounds with medicinal attributes, rendering them highly valuable for numerous therapeutic applications. Its natural propagation through seeds is slow, taking 3-4 years for a plant to grow and mature. Due to the high demands of roots, overexploitation and illiterate harvesting has become a major concern for its endangered status in the Himalayan region. Therefore, biotechnological approaches may be beneficial for conserving, restoring and sustainable production of secondary metabolites in this herb to a greater extent. In the present investigation, the EST-SSRs related to the bioactive compounds biosynthesis were developed from the root trancriptome data of S. costus and subsequently subjected to determine genetic diversity and population structure. Molecular markers analysis classified S. costus genotypes into two major groups i.e., cluster A (≥ 2500 m amsl) and cluster B (<2500 m amsl) according to their respective elevations. Due to the restricted gene flow and ability to adapt to their local environment, the population genetic structure showed the admixture of two genetic pools among the S. costus genotypes procured from Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. The biochemical composition of two diversified locations was further evaluated using leaf and root tissues of S. costus with different solvents (methanol, ethanol and ethylacetate) and found that the methanolic root extract from higher elevation exhibited maximum accumulation of compounds qualitatively and quantitatively. In addition, cell suspension culture technique also revealed the maximum biomass accumulation and costunolide production in in vitro root induced calli. From the cell suspension culture and its potential to produce costunolide in vitro, it was concluded that suspension culture could be a suitable alternate to meet its market demand by overcoming unrestricted trading, relentless harvesting, and reckless management of this valuable endangered medicinal plant.