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20172
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Author: SIVA NAGENDRA BABU, BALE × Start date: 2010 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF FEED RESTRICTION ON PERFORMANCE AND NUTRIENT UTILIZATION IN RAM LAMBS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2017-01) SIVA NAGENDRA BABU, BALE; Suryanarayana, M.V.A.N(MAJOR); Raghava Rao, E; Asha Latha, P
    ABSTRACT : Thirty two ram lambs (11.3 kg ±0.3) randomly divided into 4 treatments at random and were subjected to four feeding regimes to evaluate the effects of feed restriction levels on body weight gain, digestibility of coefficients, biochemical parameters, carcass characteristics along with the cost economics in a CRD model. The restricted phase for a period of 8 weeks was followed by re-alimentation phase for 4 weeks. Four treatments containing 8 animals in each were subjected to feed restriction at 0, 10, 20 and 30 percent levels, respectively. During the restriction phase, significant difference (P<0.05) was found among the final weights. The total weight gain was higher (P<0.05) for T1 and it was decreased (P<0.05) linearly. The average daily gain was higher (P <0.05) and feed conversion ratio was lower (P <0.05) for T1 as average daily feed intake did not find significance. The initial and total weight gains (kg) were lower and higher (P<0.05) in T4 during re-alimentation phase. Final weights were comparable among treatments, where as the average daily gain was significant among the treatments. There were significant differences (P<0.05) among the treatments for the digestibility coefficients (%) of certain nutrients like DM, CP, NDF, OM, and NFE during restriction phase. However digestibility (%) of other nutrients were comparable and non-significant. The more the groups were restricted, the higher digestibility. The digestibility coefficients (%) during re-alimentation phase were maximum (P<0.05) for OM, CP and NFE for group with 30% feed restriction indicating maximum utilization of nutrients. However the digestibility coefficients (%) of DM, CF, TA and NDF were non-significant and comparable. The serum of all the groups of animals were analysed for cholesterol, HDL, albumin, total protein, globulin and albumin concentration in both restricted period and re-alimentation phases. Except for cholesterol (P<0.05), none of the parameters were significant in restricted phase whereas during re-alimentation phase, cholesterol was significant (P<0.05). A decreasing trend from T1 to T4 was observed for all the parameters both during restricted phase and re-alimentation phase. At the end of the digestion trial and after re-alimentation phase, four animals per each group were slaughtered by halal method and compared for parameters like body weight, skin, head, legs viscera and meat : bone ratio and were found to be significant (P<0.05). The weight of the skin, meat produced and meat : bone ratio were higher (P<0.05) for the maximum restricted animals. The remaining parameters were comparable among the treatments. The meat samples were collected after the slaughter and were analysed for chemical composition. The rate of deposition of protein and fat were found to be maximum for high restricted group of animals. It was concluded that in most of the sheep production system, lambs survive on the body reserves during feed shortage or feed restriction and replenish or recoup their body weights when adequate nutrition is restored by a process of compensatory growth which is a complex metabolic function involving a number of mechanisms. From the present findings, it can be concluded that the lambs can be feed restricted upto 30% and this loss can be recouped with a phenomenon called compensatory growth. However some results were found contradictory with those reported by other workers which may be related to the discrepancies of age, breed, type of animals, length of recovery, severity and duration of restriction phase and along with the type of re-alimentation diet.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF FEED RESTRICTION ON PERFORMANCE AND NUTRIENT UTILIZATION IN RAM LAMBS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2017-01) SIVA NAGENDRA BABU, BALE; Suryanarayana, M.V.A.N; Raghava Rao, E; Asha Latha, P
    ABSTRACT : Thirty two ram lambs (11.3 kg ±0.3) randomly divided into 4 treatments at random and were subjected to four feeding regimes to evaluate the effects of feed restriction levels on body weight gain, digestibility of coefficients, biochemical parameters, carcass characteristics along with the cost economics in a CRD model. The restricted phase for a period of 8 weeks was followed by re-alimentation phase for 4 weeks. Four treatments containing 8 animals in each were subjected to feed restriction at 0, 10, 20 and 30 percent levels, respectively. During the restriction phase, significant difference (P<0.05) was found among the final weights. The total weight gain was higher (P<0.05) for T1 and it was decreased (P<0.05) linearly. The average daily gain was higher (P <0.05) and feed conversion ratio was lower (P <0.05) for T1 as average daily feed intake did not find significance. The initial and total weight gains (kg) were lower and higher (P<0.05) in T4 during re-alimentation phase. Final weights were comparable among treatments, where as the average daily gain was significant among the treatments. There were significant differences (P<0.05) among the treatments for the digestibility coefficients (%) of certain nutrients like DM, CP, NDF, OM, and NFE during restriction phase. However digestibility (%) of other nutrients were comparable and non-significant. The more the groups were restricted, the higher digestibility. The digestibility coefficients (%) during re-alimentation phase were maximum (P<0.05) for OM, CP and NFE for group with 30% feed restriction indicating maximum utilization of nutrients. However the digestibility coefficients (%) of DM, CF, TA and NDF were non-significant and comparable. The serum of all the groups of animals were analysed for cholesterol, HDL, albumin, total protein, globulin and albumin concentration in both restricted period and re-alimentation phases. Except for cholesterol (P<0.05), none of the parameters were significant in restricted phase whereas during re-alimentation phase, cholesterol was significant (P<0.05). A decreasing trend from T1 to T4 was observed for all the parameters both during restricted phase and re-alimentation phase. At the end of the digestion trial and after re-alimentation phase, four animals per each group were slaughtered by halal method and compared for parameters like body weight, skin, head, legs viscera and meat : bone ratio and were found to be significant (P<0.05). The weight of the skin, meat produced and meat : bone ratio were higher (P<0.05) for the maximum restricted animals. The remaining parameters were comparable among the treatments. The meat samples were collected after the slaughter and were analysed for chemical composition. The rate of deposition of protein and fat were found to be maximum for high restricted group of animals. It was concluded that in most of the sheep production system, lambs survive on the body reserves during feed shortage or feed restriction and replenish or recoup their body weights when adequate nutrition is restored by a process of compensatory growth which is a complex metabolic function involving a number of mechanisms. From the present findings, it can be concluded that the lambs can be feed restricted upto 30% and this loss can be recouped with a phenomenon called compensatory growth. However some results were found contradictory with those reported by other workers which may be related to the discrepancies of age, breed, type of animals, length of recovery, severity and duration of restriction phase and along with the type of re-alimentation diet.