Loading...
Thesis
Browse
1 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF TOXICITY CAUSED BY CADMIUM-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ITS COUNTERACTION BY CERTAIN HERBS AND HERBAL COMBINATIONS(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2008-09) Bharavi, K; GOPALA REDDY, A(MAJOR); SRINIVASA RAO, G; Rajasekhar Reddy, A; Rama Rao, S.VABSTRACT : A total of 225 male broiler chicks of day old age belonging to Vencobb strain were randomly divided into fifteen groups consisting of fifteen chicks in each group. Group 1 was maintained on basal diet and group 2 on cadmium @ 100 ppm as cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in feed for 42 days (6 wks). Groups 3 to 12 were given cadmium containing diet for the first 4 wks (28 days) and subsequently treated respectively with Withania somnifera, Ocimum sanctum, Asparagus racemosus, Andrographis paniculata, Murraya kienigii, shilajit, Gymnema sylvestra, Allium sativum, Spirulina and ginseng each at 0.1% level in feed till the end of 6th wk, while groups 13 to 15 were given the combination of Spirulina + shilajit + G.sylevestre, W. somnifera + A.racemosus +A.paniculata and W.somnifera + M.koenigii+ A.sativum, respectively. In combinations, each herb was added at 0.05% level in feed for the remaining 2 weeks. The performance parameters were recorded at weekly intervals. Antioxidant defense profile, biomarkers of hepatic damage, renal damage, lipid profile, protein profile and HI titre in serum, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) index were estimated at the end of 4th and 6th wk. Histopathological studies and estimation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutahtione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were done at the end of 6th wk. The cadmium treatment resulted in a significant (P<0.05) reduction in body weights, protein profile, GSH (6th week), haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titre and phytohaemagglutination (PHA) index (6th week), while feed conversion ration (FCR), total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, TBARS (6th week), SOD, catalase, alanine transaminase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were significantly (P<0.05) increased at the end of 4th week in groups 2 to 15 and all these parameters exhibited similar trend at the end of 6th week in group 2 that was maintained with out any treatment. Following the administration of herbs in test in groups 3 to 15, there was a marked improvement in all the above parameters as compared to those of cadmium control group 2 at the end of 6th week. Histological abnormalities were also recorded in the liver, kidney, spleen and bursa fabricius in cadmium control group 2, where as group 1 did not reveal any abnormalities on histopathology, while the treated groups revealed lesions of mild intensity or signs of regeneration. Thus, it is concluded that cadmium induces biological damage by means of oxidative stress and the herbs/herbal combinations in test offered better amelioration. The combinations of herbs found relatively superior as compared to the remaining groups in test