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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DIETARY PROTEIN SOURCES ON GROWTH, SURVIVAL AND CARCASS COMPOSITION OF LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI (BOONE, 1931)
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY , TIRUPATI - 517 502, Andhra Pradesh, 2010-09) BHANU PRAKASH, Ch; RAVINDRA KUMAR REDDY, D (Major); HARI BABU, P; RAMANA, T.V
    ABSTRACT: The present study “Studies on the effect of different dietary protein sources on growth, survival and carcass composition of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931)” was conducted in the Wet Laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, College of Fishery Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Muthukur. Soybean meal (SBM) and Cyclop-eeze (CE) meal were used at three different protein levels (25%, 30% and 35%). The all plant protein sourced diet prepared with groundnut oil cake and de oiled rice bran was used as control. Shrimp diet was prepared by mixing all the ingredients in required proportions, ground and sieved to the required size and made in to pellets. Studies were conducted to compare the performance of shrimp fed on different experimental diets with the control for growth, survival and proximate composition of Litopenaeus vannamei. The experiments were conducted for 56 days in aquaria. Triplicates were maintained for each of the treatment. Feed was given three times a day. Weekly sampling was done for water quality parameters viz., pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total alkalinity and Total hardness. The growth, survival and feed conversion ratio were estimated by sampling the shrimp once in a week. At the begining and after completion of the experiment, proximate composition of the animals was carried out. Regular monitoring of water quality parameters revealed that, the experimental diets with different ingredients had no influence on the quality of water. The DO was found to be in the range of 5.23ppm and 8.42ppm. The pH ranged from 8.3 to 8.5 during the period of experiment. There was no effect on total alkalinity. The range of total alkalinity varied between 160 mg/l to 340 mg/l. Total hardness of water ranged between 226 mg/l and 237 mg/l. The growth performance of L. vannamei was found to be best when fed with diet CE30 (7.75gm) and the least with control diet (5.90gm). L. vannamei fed on diet CE30 showed the highest average weight gain of 0.81gm by the 56th day, while the control recorded the lowest weight gain of all the treatments (0.50gm). Specific growth rate was highest (1.863) in shrimps fed with diet CE30, and least (1.382) in the control. Survival rates were best in shrimps fed on CE30, which showed 75% survival rate at the end of the experiment. This was followed by shrimps fed with diet SBM30 which showed 70% survival rate. The shrimps fed with control and SBM35 diets showed the least survival rate (50%). The shrimps fed on SBM30 diet showed the best FCR of 3.28, followed by CE30 with an FCR of 3.34. The shrimps fed with SBM25 showed the least response with an FCR of 4.14. Carcass composition of L. vannamei showed, the highest protein content in shrimps fed with SBM30 diet (76.9%). Lowest protein was found in initial sampling (69.8%). Highest ether extract was recorded in shrimps fed with CE30 diet (2.5%). Lowest ether extract was found in initial sampling (1.8%). Highest crude fibre content was found in shrimps fed with CE30 (4.6%), lowest crude fibre (3.7%) was found in initial sampling. Ash content was high in shrimps fed with CE35 diet (9.3%) and low during initial sampling (3.7%). From the above studies, it can be concluded that Soybean meal and Cyclop-eeze meal can be included in the diets of L. vannamei at an optimum level of 30%. Though survival and growth in Cyclop-eeze meal fed shrimps was good, it is not economically viable. The present study suggests that, during the juvenile stages of L. vannamei culture, use of Soybean meal and Cyclop-eeze meal improved the survival rate, showing good growth, with less FCR. But, in terms of cost, Cyclop-eeze feed is costlier than Soybean meal. Therefore, it is suggested to use Cyclop-eeze feed during early stages (Larval to Juvenile) of shrimp (L. vannamei) culture for better survival rate and later the shrimp may be fed with Soybean meal to increase the profits to the farmers.