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Subject: Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2007 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TELEVIEWING BEHAVIOUR OF LIVESTOCK FARMERS ON ANIMAL HUSBANDRY PROGRAMMES IN ANDHRA PRADESH
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2009-03) Srinivasa Rao, B; SUDHAKAR RAO, B(MAJOR); THAMMI RAJU, D; SUDHAKAR, K
    ABSTRACT: The present study was undertaken with the main objective of assessing the televiewing behaviour of livestock farmers in terms of frequency, pattern and response of on A.H. programmes. Ex-post-facto research design was followed in the present investigation. Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh was purposively selected for carrying out the study. Three mandals were selected randomly. The list of villages under each selected Mandal was obtained from district gazette. From the list, villages having the good facility of Television viewing and also villages have good telecast facility of all channels that telecasts the A.H. programmes were identified. Among such villages, two were selected from each Mandal, amounting a total of six villages for the present study. A list of farm televiewers of A.H. programmes was prepared and by adopting quota sampling method from each village twenty livestock farmers were selected at random, thus a total of 120 respondents were selected from six villages. The data was collected by personal interview method through structured interview schedule. Majority of the respondents were middle aged, had medium farming experience, medium level of socio-economic status, medium level of extension contact, medium level of mass media exposure, medium level of information seeking behaviour, medium level of innovativeness and low level of knowledge before viewing the A.H. programmes and majority of the respondents possessed high level of knowledge after viewing the telecast on A.H. programmes. Majority of the respondents had medium level of televiewing behaviour, which included viewing frequency, viewing pattern and viewing response. Majority of the respondents had faced the unsuitability of time, paucity of time and lack of electricity as the major constraints and suggested to provide uninterrupted electricity supply, change as well as increase in telecast time, providing timely information and using visuals in the programmes were made by majority of the respondents for improving the telecast of Animal Husbandry programmes. Correlation analysis carried out to reveal the relationship between independent and dependent variables which indicated that, out of all the selected independent variables experience, socio-economic status, extension contact, mass media exposure, information seeking behaviour, innovativeness and knowledge level had positive and significant correlated relationship with televiewing behaviour. While, age was negatively significant with televiewing behaviour of the respondents. Regression analysis revealed that all the independent variables put together explained about 52.4 per cent variation in the televiewing behaviour of the respondents.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFORMATION NEEDS OF WOMEN SELF HELP GROUPS (WSHGS) INVOLVED IN DAIRY FARMING FOR CAPACITY BUILDING
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2008-06) BABU BERI, BERI; THAMMI RAJU, D(MAJOR); SUDHAKAR RAO, B; MAHENDER, M
    ABSTRACT: An ex-post facto research design was followed in the present research study. The sample was drawn randomly from 12 villages of 9 mandals of Warangal district @ one Women Self Help Group per village. All the members of selected WSHGs i.e. 129 members in total were the respondents and are involved in dairy farming and assisted under special SGSY programme. The data were collected through personal interview by the investigator for which a schedule was developed. The data was collected on two dependent variables i.e. information needs and livelihood status and 14 independent variables viz. age, education, caste, family size, occupation, land holding, time spent on dairy farming, farming experience, herd size, knowledge, training, social/political participation, management orientation and decision making to achieve the set objectives of the study. The characterization of women self help groups and their members revealed that majority of the respondents (58.91%) were in the middle age group of 36 to 50 years and the average age of the women members was 37.05 years. About 43.41% of members of WSHGs were illiterates and 58.17% of members belonged to Backward Castes. Most members of the women self-help groups had the family size up to 5 members (90.70%) and the main occupation was agricultural labour (56.59%). Landless members (36.76%) formed a majority of self-help groups and 87.60% of the respondents were members of at least one organization. It was found that majority of the respondents (75.19%) had medium level of experience ranging from 5 to 15 years with an average of 9.78 years of experience. Further, all the members (100%) owned 1 to 3 non descript buffaloes and 86.82 % of the members had 1 to 3 graded buffaloes, while 4.7% had sheep with less than 20 numbers. The data revealed that majority (47.29%) of the members had medium knowledge on dairy farming, management orientation (63.57%) and decision making (72.09%). All the respondents undergone at least one training of two days duration focussing on both knowledge and skills provided by District Rural Development Agency (DRDA) and the State Department of Animal Husbandry (AHD). The time spent by women members in different types of activities of dairy farming indicated that grazing was the most time consuming activity with 156.6 minutes. The average time spent by women on all diary activities was 367.21 mts. The greatly expressed information needs of members of WSHGs include Production potential of dairy animals (50.38%) under dairy animal category. Under feeding, the information needs such as Fundamentals of dairy nutrition and nutrients (72.09%), Kind of feed to be used for particular dairy animal (68.22%), Amount of feed to be fed (58.14%), Feed storage (75.97%), Feeding strategies in natural calamities (66.67%) and Fodder varieties and package of practices (60.47%) were expressed by members of WSHGs. The breeding information needs were Time of insemination (79.07%), Drying of animals (64.34%), Calving interval (62.79%), Service period (62.02%), Breeding problems (59.68%) and Importance of artificial insemination (58.13%) . Care and management of calves (73.64%) Care and management of pregnant animals (71.32%) were the important greatly needed information needs for the members of Women Self Help Groups which falls under management category. The information on Vaccination schedule (78.29%), Commonly occurring dairy animal diseases (76.74%), Disease management (72.09%) and Deworming schedule(65.12%) were expressed as greatly needed by majority of the respondents. Apart from the above the information on Preservation of milk (68.99%), Different marketing agencies (62.02%), Backward linkages (60.47%), Forward linkages (56.59%) and Credit/financial organization (51.94%) was greatly needed under marketing. Majority of the respondents felt that the information on agriculture (93.02%), sheep farming (63.57%), backyard poultry (74.42%) and others (66.67%) was least needed. The livelihood status in terms of literacy, access to education facilities, land holding, type of home, food sufficiency, quality food, health status and employment & income generation indicated that majority of the members (54.26%) had improvement in literacy and access to education and other required facilities improved (56.59%) after formation of WSHGs, except change in the landholding (93.02%), type of home (93.02%) and diversification in IGAs (100.00%). Overwhelming majority (89.15%) had food sufficiency and quality food was possessed by 88.37% of respondents. About 85% of respondents had improved health status. The employment and income generation from dairying indicated that all the members interviewed had only dairy farming as income generating activity and 78.29% of the respondents gained moderate number of man days per month (19 to 21 man days/month). The monthly income was medium in case of 84.50% respondents with average of Rs 1331.78 among members of Women Self Help Groups. The constraints as perceived by members of WSHGs were Green fodder scarcity (31.00%), Decline in milk production during winter and summer season (27.13%), Care and management of calves is difficult (23.25%), Conception rate is low (21.71%), Less price for milk (20.16%), Lack of knowledge and skills (15.50%) etc. The members also expressed certain suggestions which include Regular check-up by Veterinary Assistant Surgeon (25.58%), Hospital should be established (22.48%), More loan facility to be provided (20.16%), Shed cost is to be included in the scheme formulation (13.95 %), Training is required before the animal purchase (11.62%) etc. The correlation analysis indicated that occupation, land holding, and management orientation were positively and significantly with information needs at 1% level of significance and knowledge and social/political participation were negatively and significantly correlated with information needs at 1% and 5% level of significance, respectively. The independent variables viz. occupation, land holding, time spent on dairy farming were significantly and positively correlated with the livelihood status at 5% level of significance. Farming experience, knowledge and management orientation were positively and significantly correlated at 1% level of significance. The inter correlation between information needs and livelihood status was significant at 5% level.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    UTILIZATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) TOOLS BY VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY- A STUDY IN ANDHRA PRADESH
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2007-09) SIREESHA, PULLA; SUDHAKAR RAO, B(MAJOR); THAMMI RAJU, D; SUDHAKAR, K
    ABSTRACT: Data was collected from 33 organizations which were actively involved in Animal Husbandry activities and elicited through a questionnaire following an exploratory research design on “Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools by various organizations in Animal Husbandry- A study in Andhra Pradesh”. The profile of the organizations was documented. The State A.H. Department which is the flagship of all the organizations in A.H. was established in the year 1920. Majority of the organizations were established since the year 1980. The over all objective of the organizations was development of A.H. sector. The annual budget allocation made by the individual organizations for ICT ranged from Rs. 3 lakhs to 900 lakhs and the use of ICT was started in early 1980s. Regarding the infrastructure availability, all possessed mobile phones, Internet, personal computers and fax. Majority of the organizations agreed that ICT tools are functional at all times, sufficient number of ICT tools are available in the organization, the connectivity is good and access to the ICT tools is always available. The trends in applicability brought out that all the organizations agreed that ICT tools are useful for retrieving latest knowledge, quick transmission of reports to higher authorities and helps in quick and timely decision making. Majority have indicated that the employees are more dependant on ICT tools, it is difficult to work without the aid of ICT tools, effective utilization of ICT tools is possible and ICTs are mostly used for report submission. Majority of the organizations disagreed to the statements of difficulty in the use of ICT because of its cost and ICTs are not compatible with existing traditional methods while mixed responses was obtained for the statement that they lost natural mathematical or analytical skills after the advent of ICTs. As regards to affordability of ICT tools majority indicated that the organization is able to afford the ICT tools, has sufficient funding for purchase and maintenance of ICT tools, has adequate technical support for maintenance of ICT tools. Responses were varied for the statement that organization is providing loans for the purchase of ICT tools. Regarding the knowledge of computer applications, majority of the users have medium level of knowledge. Radio was utilized by State A.H. Department and ANTHRA. Further analysis on the extent of ICT tools by organizations revealed that TV was utilized by NIRD, NAARM, State A.H. Department, APLDA, SMILDA, BASIX, PDP, CRIDA, and NRC on Meat, VBRI, SVVU, TK trust Gram Vikas Yojana, NECC and ANTHRA. Video Conferencing was used by State A.H. Department, Commissionerate of Rural Development, APCOB, SBI, NIRD, NAARM, CRIDA, Venkateswara Hatcheries, Sarabhai Zydus Animal Health Limited and Natural Remedies Private Limited. Tele conferencing was used by APCOB, BASIX, NAARM, Suguna Poultry, IndBro Research and Breeding farms, Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited and Sarabhai Zydus Animal Health Private Limited. Multimedia CDs were found to be used by SMILDA, APLDA, NABARD, BASIX, NIRD, NAARM, NRC on Meat, Indian Immunologicals, CRIDA, SVVU, VBRI ANTHRA, Intercooperation Social Development, WASSAN, NECC, Suguna Poultry, IndBro Research and Breeding farms, Intas Pharmaceuticals Limited and Natural Remedies Private Limited. Information kiosk was utilized by only NAARM and BASIX. The other ICT tools utilized by the different organizations were wireless set conferencing by State A.H. Department and Local Area Network by PDP and Poshak Feeds Private Limited. The findings on the areas of A.H. where ICT tools were regularly used revealed that Information dissemination, Administration and Planning were found to be the major areas. 100% of Private Organizations regularly use ICT tools for marketing because their primary motive is the marketing of their products. In the area of project proposal writing, 75% of Educational and Research Organizations were found to use ICT tools regularly. 62.5% of Educational and Research Organizations reported regular use of ICT tools in the area of development programmes. 60% of Service Providers and Private Organizations were found to be regularly using ICT tools for animal management. Regarding the area of animal health care, 60% of Private Organizations reported regular use of ICT tools. In the area of animal feeding, 50% of Private Organizations reported regular use of ICT tools. 40% of the Service Providers and Private Organizations regularly use ICT tools for breeding. Regarding the area of disaster management, 25% of the Educational and Research Organizations were found to be regularly using ICT tools. 50% of Financial Organizations were found to be involved in other areas of A.H. that is providing credit facilities to beneficiaries. The major constraints faced in the use of ICT tools were inadequate technically competent personnel in using ICTs, problems of maintenance or poor maintenance of ICT tools, insufficient budget allocation for ICT tools, interruptions in Internet connectivity, lack of upgradation of ICT equipment and problem of viruses and junk mails. Some of the major suggestions provided by the users regarding the improvisation of ICT tools utilization were imparting training to employees regarding the use of ICT tools, upgradation of equipment, provision of sufficient funding for ICT, provision of latest infrastructure, provision of better Internet connectivity, availability of sufficient number of ICT tools and ICTs to be made available at field level.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    UTILISATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) TOOLS BY LIVESTOCK FARMERS – A STUDY IN PUDUCHERRY
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2007-09) SHANTHAL, B; THAMMI RAJU, D(MAJOR); SUDHAKAR RAO, B; MAHENDAR, M
    ABSTRACT : An ex- post facto research design was adopted for the present study conducted in Puducherry. Four out of seven communes viz. Bahour, Nettapakkam, Villianur and Manadipet were selected purposively, as the ICT initiatives were undertaken by agencies like M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Rajiv Gandhi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences etc. Two villages from each commune were selected randomly thus making a total of eight villages. 120 respondents out of which 15 livestock farmers per village were selected randomly. The data were collected personally with the help of an interview schedule; processed and analysed and interpreted. The salient findings of the research work are as follows. Majority of the livestock farmers of the study area were middle aged with primary school education and agriculture formed as the main occupation. Livestock farming was taken up as a subsidiary occupation. Most of them had medium experience in livestock farming, with medium herd size and average annual family income. Mass media exposure, information seeking behaviour, scientific orientation, achievement motivation and risk orientation were moderate among the livestock farmers. In the study area, the respondents were utilizing six important ICT tools i.e. Information kiosk, Mobile phones, Videoconferencing, Internet, Open Knowledge Network and Multimedia CDs. Among the above tools, Open Knowledge Network (OKN) and Information Kiosks and Mobile Phone were used very effectively for getting the latest information on Animal Husbandry for knowledge empowerment. The other ICT tools i.e. Multimedia CDs, Videoconferencing and Internet browsing were utilised to a minimum extent. The situational factors affecting the use of ICT tools are applicability, infrastructure facilities, capacity building and affordability. The applicability of ICT tools for the livestock development was very high as indicated by majority of the respondents that ICTs have utility in livestock rearing, advantageous over traditional extension methods, saves time and money, provides accurate information and no distortion of messages, feasible to use in present times and help in quick and timely decision making except that ICTs are interactive. The accessible infrastructure facilities pertaining to ICT tools received good response as indicated by majority of the respondents that access to the ICTs is always available, ICTs are present in the vicinity , all the latest equipments are present to run the ICTs, functional at all the times and good connectivity. But few have agreed to the availability of updated information regarding livestock. With regard to capacity building, the findings revealed that majority of the respondents expressed that basic computer training is required for the end users, training on ICTs is not a barrier to get information and training should have local relevance. But majority of the respondents disagreed to the fact that language used in ICTs should not be a barrier. The affordability of the farmers was expressed in terms of their capacity to pay for information. Majority of the respondents expressed that „it is good to pay for the ICTs which are worth‟, „government shall provide some concessions in the user charges based on their socio-economic conditions‟ and „suitable initiatives must be taken by the policy makers to improve the users‟ purchasing power‟. On the contrary about half of respondents disagreed that „there is no economic benefit from ICT‟. The extent of use of ICT tools was found to be medium among majority of the livestock farmers. The remaining respondents distributed in to low and high categories. The knowledge level of majority of the livestock farmers on scientific dairy farming was found to be medium, followed by low and high categories. Relational analysis between independent variables and knowledge on scientific dairy farming revealed that age, education, annual family income, mass media exposure, information seeking behaviour, scientific orientation, achievement motivation and risk orientation exhibited positive and significant relationship with the knowledge level of the livestock farmers on scientific dairy farming. Education, mass media exposure, information seeking behaviour, applicability of ICT tools, infrastructure facilities, capacity building and affordability indicated positive and significant relation with extent of use of ICT tools. The inter correlation between extent of use of ICT tools and knowledge on scientific dairy farming showed highly significant relationship. The inter correlation between dependant variables i.e. knowledge on scientific dairy farming and extent of use of ICT tools was significant at 1% level of significance. The positive inter correlation between knowledge level and extent of use of ICT tools revealed that majority of the low knowledge group and medium knowledge group used Open Knowledge Network only, whereas majority of the high knowledge group used both Information kiosk and Open Knowledge Network. The problems perceived by the livestock farmers on use of ICT tools were i) time consuming in retrieval of information as it is not customized, ii) repetition of the contents or messages which the farmer already is aware of iii) all the relevant information is not available in the kiosk iv) too much text in Open Knowledge Network, v) lack of training on use computers vi) no time to use ICT vii) frequent change of functionaries at OKN by transfer or replacement, viii) not aware about the benefits of internet and ix) accessibility to ICT tools is restricted as it is being located in a farmers house.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ANIMAL HEALTH DELIVERY SERVICES -A STUDY IN KRISHNA DISTRICT
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2007) VIJAY PRAKASH, K; SUDHAKAR RAO, B(MAJOR); SUBASH CHANDRA BOSE, Ch.; RAMESH GUPTA, B
    ABSTRACT : Since independence, in India, the veterinary services are funded managed and delivered by public sector. With the introduction of economic reforms in the country since 1992, public sector monopoly came under increasing threat as it started questioning the economic and efficiency of the veterinary services‟ providers. Inadequate financial resources and stringent measures have brought about the active participation of private and NGOs in this sector and there by limiting the role of the state in livestock extension services. Hence, animal health delivery services are considered as a strategy to improve the effectiveness and quality of veterinary services delivery. In this context, it is appropriate to ascertain the major service providers, what services they provide and the farmers awareness and perception towards the services provided by the various agencies. The present study entitled “Animal Health Delivery Services- A Study in Krishna District” was employed in two stages i.e. in initial phase an exploratory research design to explore the various agencies providing services from a sample of 15 drawn from the various Government and semi –government agencies . An ex-post facto research was also adopted in the later phase i.e. awareness and perception involving 120 farmers in relation to the services selected through random sampling technique. Krishna district in AP was purposively selected for the study, as this is one of the districts having highest livestock population and there is heavy demand for effective livestock health services. Data was elicited from 120 respondents drawn from 3 mandals. A total of six villages were selected from the 3 mandals. From each village, 20 farmers, selected randomly were subjected for investigation through prestructutred interview schedule. The results emerged from the study are as follows - The socio-economic profile of the respondents in the study area indicated that a majority of them are of middle age group, with low livestock experience , semi skilled in their vocation, had marginal land holdings, majority were from BC category caste community, functionally illiterate , not holding any official position in socio-political organizations, with low material possession , living in brick walled houses, possessed medium family and herd size and had moderate information seeking behaviour. The findings on the various agencies providing AHDS revealed that government agencies mainly AH department, APLDA, SVVU were the major AH service providers followed by private agencies. To a small extent corporate and NGO are also undertaking AHDS to the farmers. The key areas which emerged where a completed awareness was expressed by the farmers towards various AHDS provided by different agencies in the study were vaccination, deworming and deticking , disease diagnosis and treatment on medical and gynecological, surgical services supply of medicines and drugs, first-aid and attending disease out breaks where as disease surveillance and Animal Health Camps services to lesser extent of awareness among the farmers were observed. The awareness on the extension services such as advisory services, training programmes, follow up services, minikit distribution of fodder rendered by different agencies were also expressed by the respondents to a satisfactory extent. The results pertaining to the perception of the farmers towards various AHDS have brought out that a majority of them were satisfied with sanitation and disinfection of animals and sheds, vaccination , deworming and deticking ,medical diagnosis and treatment , first aid, extension services like advisory services and minikit distribution, PM inspection and issue of health certificates . A small percentage of respondents could not express their perception towards gynecological diagnosis, treatment and supply of medicines, drugs and attending disease outbreaks and issue of insurance certificates. It was also revealed that a majority of the respondents indicated dissatisfaction towards the services like disease surveillance and AH camps, surgical diagnosis and treatment and conduct of training programmes, follow up of services and disaster management.