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ThesisItem Open Access REPAIR OF FEMORAL SHAFT FRACTURES BY ELASTIC PLATE OSTEOSYNTHESIS USING VETERINARY CUTTABLE PLATES IN YOUNG DOGS(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY , TIRUPATI – 517 502 , A.P, 2015-10) SUDARSHAN REDDY, K; DHANA LAKSHMI, N (Major); VEENA, P; RAJU, N.K.B.ABSTRACT : Young dogs presented to the College Hospital with unstable femoral diaphyseal fractures were diagnosed by clinical signs, orthopaedic examination and survey radiography. The breed, age and sex wise incidence, etiology and type of fracture were studied. Twelve immature young dogs with femoral diaphyseal fractures (2-5 months old, body weight ranging from 4-9 kg) were selected and stabilized with indigenously designed Veterinary Cuttable Plate (VCP) along with compatible size of cortical screws by Elastic Plate Osteosynthesis (EPO) technique. The femur was approached by cranio-lateral border of thigh for plating under general anaesthesia. Selection of plate and screws was determined by taking into consideration of the size of the bone, fracture configuration and weight of the dogs. Indigenously designed VCP (2 mm for dogs below 5 Kg and 2.7 mm for 5-9 kg body weight) used with compatible size of non self tapping cortical screws for stabilization of fractures in each animal provided good fracture stability. The technique increased overall compliance of the construct with the use of plate with 2 or 3 screws at each fracture fragment when applied over thin cortices to reduce the risk of focal failure of the screw/bone interface. No technical difficulties were observed while application of VCP by Elastic Plate Osteosynthesis technique in all cases. The outcome of fracture stabilization and healing was evaluated with postoperative lameness grading, radiography and biochemical analysis. All animals, which were diagnosed with unstable femoral diaphyseal fractures showed grade V lameness before surgical management. Postoperatively, all cases showed grade I lameness in an average of 5-7 weeks. Functional limb outcome was excellent to good. The fractures showed radiographically excellent postoperative healing of cortical union, absence of fracture lines with periosteal and bridging callus in an average 3-5 weeks and further remodelling changes with complete cortical union were observed in all cases by 7 weeks. Postoperative fracture fragment alignment was not affected except in case No.7 where healing was delayed. Statistical analysis, the mean ± SE values revealed a highly significant difference (P<0.01) in serum alkaline phosphatase and calcium. C-reactive protein values in different stages of postoperative significantly increased from 0 day to 14th day and thereafter gradually decreased in levels. No major intraoperative complications were observed. Postoperatively, delayed cortical union was observed when compared to other cases in case No.7 where wound dehiscence with distal screw pullout was observed by 5th day in which revision surgery was performed and but overall outcome was not affected. Slight bending of plate at fracture site in case No.10 was noticed which did not show any malalignment of fractured fragments. Complete removal of implant was done on an average 5-7weeks, after radiographic appearance of cortical union. Based on present study, Elastic Plate Osteosynthesis technique (EPO) using VCP (narrow, thin and cut to desired length) was better suited for the treatment of femoral diaphyseal fractures in young dogs with thin cortical bones and active growth plates. EPO technique was more advantageous than rigid plate osteosynthesis by reducing the stress shield effect on bone and hastened the bone healing by allowing micromotion at the fracture site to closely mimic biological healing as it did not interfere with functional growth plates in young dogs and also to minimize the fracture disease which was observed in intramedullary pinning. Implant used in this technique is not much expensive, making it suitable for use in Veterinary practice.