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20101
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Subject: Veterinary Surgery × Author: KOTESWARA RAO, TANNERU × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF TYPE II EXTERNAL SKELETAL FIXATORS OF MODIFIED FRAME CONSTRUCTIONS FOR TIBIAL DIAPHYSEAL FRACTURE REPAIR IN DOGS
    (Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, TIRUPATI – 517 502,A.P, 2010-07) KOTESWARA RAO, TANNERU; DHANA LAKSHMI, N (Major); SURESH KUMAR, R.V; SRILATHA, Ch
    ABSTRACT : Twelve dogs presented to the College Hospital with unstable diaphyseal tibial fractures which were diagnosed by clinical signs, orthopedic examination and survey radiography were taken as clinical material for the study. The breed, age, sex wise incidence, cause and type of fracture were studied. The dogs were equally divided into group I and II of six animals each. The fractures were stabilized with modified frame constructions of type II external skeletal fixators of positive profile end threaded half pins and smooth full pins of minimal type (group I) and modified frame constructions of type II external skeletal fixators of positive profile centrally threaded full pins of maximal type (group II) following standard procedures. Selection of appropriate size of pins, connecting rods and clamps according to age, body weight and type of fracture provided good fracture stability. In both the groups, modified AO mini clamps, Beta clamps with knurl rods and low cost acrylic and local epoxy putty modified connecting frames were used in small dogs. No technical difficulties were observed while application of these modified construction frames of type II external skeletal fixators in these animals. The outcome of fracture stabilization and healing was evaluated with postoperative lameness grading, pain score, radiography and biochemical analysis. In both the groups, stabilization showed good clinical outcome with complete normal limb usage within seven weeks except in one case of group I where fixation failure with smooth pin migration and destabilization of fixator and fragments separation was recorded by second week. In this case, the fracture was again stabilized by passing pins and tightening with clamps which was healed later. In group II, no migration and pin loosening of centrally threaded pins was observed except pin tract infection with pin bone interface wound formation. These complications not showed any disturbance on clinical weight bearing and healing of fracture. The overall average healing time in both the groups was 4 -12 weeks. The fractures showed radio graphically excellent postoperative healing of cortical union, absence of fracture lines with endosteal bridging callus. Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant difference (P < 0.01) in increase of serum alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus and C-reactive protein in group II compared to group I whereas non significant change was observed in calcium levels. Based on present study, it was concluded that both minimal and maximal modified type II external skeletal fixators with standard and low cost connecting frames according to fracture patient assessment were good for stabilization of unstable tibial fractures for early limb ambulance and excellent healing. However the application of positive profile centrally threaded pins with predrilling of pilot hole was found easier than end threaded half pins with advantages like good stability, less pain and more pin and cortical intact of bone.