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20151
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Subject: Veterinary Surgery × Author: DURGA PRASAD BABU, M × Start date: 2010 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CLINICAL STUDIES ON TRANSABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSING VARIOUS ABDOMINAL DISORDERS IN DOGS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI – 517 502 (A.P) INDIA, 2015-11) DURGA PRASAD BABU, M; DEVI PRASAD, V (Major); HARI KRISHNA, N.V.V; VENKATA NAIDU, G; VAIKUNTA RAO, V
    ABSTRACT: The present study entitled, “CLINICAL STUDIES ON TRANSABDOMINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSING VARIOUS ABDOMINAL DISORDERS IN DOGS” was undertaken to correlate the findings of ultrasonography with those of clinical, haematological, biochemical, plain and contrast radiographic techniques in the diagnosis of disorders of gastro- intestinal, hepatobiliary, urinary, genital, spleen, and abdominal wall of dogs. In all the animals, the symptoms were misleading. Out of six cases of GIT involvement, two had intestinal obstruction and one had intussusception. The laboratory findings included leukocytosis with neutrophilia, elevated BUN and ALP levels. Radiography aided in the diagnosis of complete intestinal obstructions. Ultrasonography revealed the typical bull’s eye sign in intussusception. The foreign bodies were seen as hyperechoic structures with acoustic shadowing. When compared to radiography, ultrasonography was conclusive in diagnosing intestinal obstruction or intussusception. In hepatobiliary disorders, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, elevated AST and ALP, and decreased total protein, blood glucose and cholesterol values were observed. Radiography could detect hepatomegaly, calcification, ascites, while failed to diagnose hepatoma, cyst, nodular hyperplasia, gall bladder sludge etc. Ultrasonography was more useful in the diagnosis of ascites, neoplasia, gall bladder sludge or nodular hyperplasia. In obstructive urolithiasis and cystitis, significantly decreased Hb and PCV, elevated total leucocyte count with neutrophilia and elevated BUN were observed. Radiography revealed radio-opaque calculi, however, it failed to show radiolucent calculi. Transitional cell carcinoma, haemorrhagic cystitis, polypoid cystitis etc., were seen only on pneumocystography or ultrasonography. Calculi were seen with definite acoustic shadowing on ultrasonography. In pyometra, stump granuloma and stump pyometra anaemia with decreased Hb, PCV and TEC, neutrophilic leukocytosis with shift to left and elevated BUN were observed. Closed pyometra, macerated foetus were readily diagnosed on radiography, while stump fibroid and abscess needed confirmation from ultrasonography. The latter helped in deciding the origin of mass and its relation to adjacent structures. Pyometra was diagnosed by sacculations, while the stump disorders by a hyperechoic structures with acoustic shadowing. In prostate hyperplasia, relative neutrophilia with normal total leucocyte count and elevated ALP were observed. The radiographic assessment of prostate hyperplasia correlated clinically and also with ultrasonography. In splenic haemangiosarcoma a decreased Hb, PCV; elevated ALP, BUN, serum calcium and creatinine were observed. The lateral radiograph of the abdomen showed a large diffuse radio opaque mass in the abdomen. Ultrasonography confirmed the haemangiosarcoma with a typical honey comb appearance, which was further confirmed by cytology. Ultrasonography was more useful in diagnosing haemangiosarcoma while, haemato-biochemical profile supported, and fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed. Hernial ring was palpable in all types of hernias encountered in the present study. Decreased Hb, total protein, leukocytosis with neutrophilia elevated BUN and serum creatinine were observed. However, to find out the nature of the contents, radiography was useful only when the intestines contained gas. In case of perineal swellings, ultrasonography helped significantly in identification of the lesion.