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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × Author: RESHMA MARADANA × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2023 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR STUDIES ON Acinetobacter baumannii ISOLATES OF ANIMAL AND HUMAN ORIGIN
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2023-03) RESHMA MARADANA; SRINIVASA RAO .T (MAJOR); BINDU KIRANMAYI .CH; ASWANI KUMAR .K
    The present study was undertaken for isolation and characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii from foods of animal origin, rectal/cloacal swabs of animals/ birds and human clinical samples. Out of 420 samples analyzed, 21 (5%) samples were positive for A. baumannii by m-PCR. About 12% of human blood samples, 10% of milk samples, 6.6% of chicken samples, 4% of human urine samples and 2.8% of sheep rectal swabs samples were positive for A. baumannii. Fifty two percent of A. baumannii isolates showed gelatinase activity on gelatin agar and none of the isolates exhibited biofilm production ability on congo red agar. About 28.57% of A. baumannii isolates carried the virulence genes csgA gene and 14% of the isolates harboured fimH gene whereas cnf1 and afa/draBC genes were not found in any of the A. baumannii isolates. Antibiogram of 21 A. baumannii isolates revealed 100% resistance towards penicillin-G and polymyxin B, followed by co-trimoxazole 90.4%, gentamicin 61.9%, amikacin 47.6%, cefepime and colistin (42.8%). Higher sensitivity was observed for ciprofloxacin and tigecycline (100%), followed by tetracycline (80.9%), imipenem (71.4%) and meropenem (66.6%). Colistin resistance genes mcr-1 and mcr-2 were detected in two isolates of human blood samples out of nine isolates which were phenotypically resistant to colistin. A total of three (14.3%) human isolates were phenotypically confirmed as ESBL producers and blaOXA was the only β- lactamase gene detected in two A. baumannii isolates of human blood samples. ERIC-PCR genotyping distinguished 19 genotypes among 21 isolates of A. baumannii. REP-PCR genotyping distinguished 20 genotypes among 21 A. baumannii isolates. ERIC-PCR and REP-PCR analysis revealed a greater degree of heterogeneity among 21 A. baumannii isolates from different sources. The discriminatory power of ERIC-PCR and REP-PCR was found to be 0.990 and 0.995, respectively indicating both the genotyping methods were highly significant. Cluster analysis also revealed a great degree of homogeneity and heterogeneity among different isolates recovered from different sources thereby indicating that possible chance of interactions among different environments.