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Subject: Veterinary Physiology × Author: CHAITANYA .G × Start date: 2023 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS MELATONIN ADMINISTRATION ON EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF SELECTIVE AQUAPORIN GENES IN HEAT STRESSED BUBALINE PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2023-08) CHAITANYA .G; IQBAL HYDER (MAJOR); SRINIVASA PRASAD .CH; ASWANI KUMAR .K
    The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of exogenous melatonin administration on heat stress (HS) amelioration in buffaloes during summer season. Fifteen adult Murrah buffaloes were randomly selected from Livestock Farm Complex (LFC), NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted during the months of May - July 2022. The animals were divided into three groups, Group-1: (GI, Control n=5), Group-2: (GII, n=5 Melatonin @18mg/50 kg bwt. Subcutaneously single administration) and Group-3: (GIII, n=5 Melatonin@18mg/50 kg b wt. subcutaneously twice at fortnight interval. The AT and RH were recorded throughout the study period and THI was calculated. Physiological parameters like RT, RR and PR were recorded daily at 1:00 PM throughout the study period. Two aliquots of blood sample (whole blood with anticoagulants and blood with clot activators for serum isolation) were collected from all the 15 animals in weekly interval for seven weeks. An aliquot of whole blood was directly used for analysis of haematological parameters (TEC, TLC, Hb and PCV) and blood glucose, while the remaining aliquot was used for separation of PBMC and subsequent RNA isolation for gene expression studies of HSP90 and selective aquaporins (AQP1, AQP8 and AQP11). Blood with clot activators was processed to separate serum, for estimation of biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, cholesterol, ALT and AST). The THI value above 78 was observed throughout the study period indicating that the animals were under HS. The mean±SE values of RT, RR and PR didn’t vary significantly (p>0.05) between control and melatonin treated buffaloes The mean±SE values of haematological parameters didn’t vary significantly (p>0.05) between control and melatonin treated buffaloes and no significant difference (p>0.05) was observed among all the weeks of our study period. The mean±SE values of total protein and albumin did not vary significantly (p>0.05) between control and melatonin treated buffaloes and no significant (p>0.05) difference was observed among all the weeks. The blood glucose levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher in GIII compared to control in week 6 and in overall mean. The mean cholesterol concentration was significantly (p<0.05) higher in GIII compared to control during week 5, 6 and in overall mean. The AST levels were significantly (p<0.05) lowered in GIII compared to control in all the weeks and also in overall mean. The ALT levels were significantly (p<0.05) lowered in GIII during week 5, week 6 and in overall mean compared to control. The mean cortisol levels were significantly (p<0.05) lowered in GIII compared control during week 4, 5, 6 and also in overall mean. The relative mRNA expression of HSP90 and AQP8 were significantly (p<0.05) upregulated on week 2 and 3 in GII and on week 2, 3, 4 and 5 in GIII compared to control. Further, the overall expression of HSP90 was significantly (p<0.05) upregulated in melatonin treated animals compared to control. Whereas for AQP8 overall expression was significantly (p<0.05) upregulated in GIII compared GII to control. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in the mRNA expression of AQP1 and AQP11 between control and melatonin treated groups (GII and GIII) during all the weeks of the study and also in overall. Increased expression of HSP90 in melatonin treated group compared to control in our study suggests the role of melatonin in prevention of abnormal protein aggregation and misfolding of proteins caused due to oxidative stress. The increase in expression of AQP8, a peroxyporin in melatonin treated group establishes the role of melatonin in facilitating H2O2 diffusion and efflux of other free radicals generated due to oxidative stress induced by heat stress. A THI of above 78 throughout the study period is indicative of heat stress in animals. It can be concluded from our study that Melatonin administration can substantially ameliorate the effects of heat stress in buffaloes as by altering biochemical parameters (glucose, cholesterol, AST, ALT and cortisol) and further dynamically altering expression of HSP90 and AQP8 genes.