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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: CHELSIA, YATHATI × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF ENROFLOXACIN IN BROILER CHICKEN
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2019-11) CHELSIA, YATHATI; RAVI KUMAR, P (MAJOR); BHARAVI, K; RAMA DEVI, V
    An experimental study was conducted on broiler chicken weighing around 2 kg to know the influence of sodium hypochlorite in drinking water on the oral pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin. The birds were divided into three groups with eight birds in each. Group I birds that were on normal drinking water received enrofloxacin orally at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. Group II birds received sodium hypochlorite in drinking water (10 ml/100L) for seven days followed by enrofloxacin orally (10 mg/kg) on the seventh day. Group III birds also received sodium hypochlorite for seven days but enrofloxacin was given orally (10 mg/kg) 12 hours post withdrawal of sodium hypochlorite containing water. Blood samples from all the treated groups were collected from either left or right tarsal veins at 0 (blank), 0.16, 0.33, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h post enrofloxacin dosing and plasma was separated and analyzed by HPLC method. It was observed that t1/2 and tmax did not differ significantly (p<0.05) in all the three groups under study. Elimination rate constant, β was observed significantly (p<0.05) increased in Group III (0.077±0.005 l/h) and Group II (0.071±0.009 l/h) birds compared to that in Group I (0.040±0.002 l/h) birds. There was a noticeable decline in Cmax of enrofloxacin in Group II (1.793±0.160 μg/ml) and Group III (1.958±0.147μg/ml) birds over Group I (2.153±0.245 μg/ml) birds, although not statistically significant (p<0.05). The AUC0-t was apparently decreased though statistically not significant (p<0.05) in both Groups II (31.587±4.241 μg/ml.h) and Group III (33.669±3.593 μg/ml.h) birds. AUC0-α recorded in Group II (32.978±4.087 μg/ml.h) birds was significantly (p<0.05) low when compared to that in Group I (50.648±6.111 μg/ml.h) birds. Thus, the influence of sodium hypochlorite exposure on total exposure to enrofloxacin across time is evident. Likewise, administration of enrofloxacin, 12 hours post withdrawal of sodium hypochlorite (Group III) also resulted in reduced AUC0-α (34.751±3.681 μg/ml.h) of enrofloxacin, though statistically not significant (p<0.05). The area under first moment curve (AUMC) and mean residence time (MRT) recorded in Group III (525.468±61.695 μg/ml.h2 and 15.088±0.431 h) and Group II (538.396±61.064 μg/ml.h2 and 16.484±0.748 h) birds were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those recorded in Group I (1407.185±216.254 μg/ml.h2 and 27.076±1.375 h) birds. Sodium hypochlorite exposure or its exposure till 12 hours before the administration of enrofloxacin could not retain the enrofloxacin molecules for a period similar to that observed in control Group I. Although there was no influence of sodium hypochlorite on the volume of distribution (Vd/F), the total body clearance of enrofloxacin observed in Group III (0.310±0.032 l/kg/h) and Group II (0.329±0.031 l/kg/h) birds was significantly (p<0.05) higher when compared to that in Group I (0.216±0.022 l/kg/h) birds. It can be attributable to altered environment in the renal mechanisms involved in elimination of enrofloxacin or it metabolite(s). The study revealed that, sodium hypochlorite administration altered the pharmacokinetics of the enrofloxacin and the effect of sodium hypochlorite persisted even after its withdrawal 12 hours before the administration of enrofloxacin.