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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: BHARATHI, P × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2003 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF CHLORPYRIFOS–INDUCED TOXICITY IN BROILERS AND ITS AMELIORATION BY CERTAIN HERBS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2007-09) BHARATHI, P; GOPALA REDDY, A(MAJOR); SOMASEKHAR REDDY, K; MADHURI, D
    ABSTRACT: A total of 225 sexed male broiler chicks of day old age belonging to Vencobb strain were randomly divided into fifteen groups consisting of fifteen chicks in each group. Group 1 was maintained on basal diet and group 2 on chlorpyrifos (CPS) @ 100 ppm in feed for 42 days (6 wks). Groups 3 to 12 were given CPS containing diet for the first 4 wks (28 days) and subsequently treated respectively with Withania somnifera, Ocimum sanctum, Asparagus racemosus, Andrographis paniculata, Murraya kienigii, shilajit, Gymnema sylvestra, Allium sativum, Spirulina and ginseng each at 0.1% level in feed till the end of 6th wk, while groups 13 to 15 were given the combination of W. somnifera + A.racemosusi +A.paniculata, W.somnifera + M.koenigii+ A.sativum and Spirulina + shilajit + G.sylevestre, respectively. In combinations, each herb was added at 0.05% level in feed for the remaining 2 weeks. The performance parameters were recorded at weekly intervals. Antioxidant defense profile, biomarkers of hepatic damage, renal damage, lipid profile, protein profile and HI titre in serum, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) index were estimated at the end of 4th and 6th wk. Histopathological studies and estimation of TBARS, GSH and AChE were done at the end of 6th wk. The CPS treatment resulted in significant (P<0.05) reduction in body weights, protein profile, GSH (6th week), HDL cholesterol, HI titre, PHA index and AChE (6th week), while FCR, total choleserol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, TBARS (6th week), SOD, catalase, ALT, BUN and creatinine were significantly (P<0.05) increased at the end of 4th week in groups 2 to 15 and all these parameters exhibited similar trend at the end of 6th week in group 2 that was maintained with out any treatment. Following the administration of herbs in test in groups 3 to 15, there was a marked improvement in all the above parameters as compared to those of CPS toxic control group 2 at the end of 6th week. Histological abnormalities were also recorded in the liver, brain and other tissues in CPS control group 2. Group 1 did not reveal any abnormalities in histopathology, while the treated groups revealed lesions of mild intensity or signs of regeneration. Thus, it is concluded that CPS induces biological damage by means of oxidative stress and the herbs/herbal combinations in test offered better amelioration. The combination of W. somnifera + A.racemosusi +A.paniculata was found superior as compared to the remaining herbs/combinations in test.