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Subject: Veterinary Parasitology × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON BOVINE MICROFILARIOSIS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON PREVALENCE AND IMMUNODIAGNOSIS
    (Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, TIRUPATI – 517 502,A.P, 2009-10) LALITHA, Ch; Md. HAFEEZ, (Major); CHENGALVA RAYULU, V; SRILATHA, Ch
    ABSTRACT : The research work on “Studies on bovine microfilariosis with special emphasis on prevalence and immunodiagnosis” was undertaken to evaluate certain immunodiagnostic tests for large scale screening and field applicability in bovines. Attempts were made to study the prevalence of bovine microfilariosis in certain coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh. Blood and sera samples of 1628 bovines were collected from Vishakapatnam (575), Vizianagaram (362), Srikakulam (222), Prakasam (130) and West Godavari (339) districts of coastal Andhra Pradesh and screened by conventional techniques viz., wet blood film examination and modified Knott’s technique and immunological techniques viz., indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA. With modified Knott’s method microfilariae could be detected in 81 blood samples out of 1628 samples examined with the overall prevalence rate of 4.97 percent. The prevalence of microfilariosis in cattle and buffaloes was recorded as 4.4 percent and 5.1 percent, respectively. The higher rate of infection was recorded in West Godavari (6.4 %), followed by 4.97, 4.69, 4.6 and 3.6 percent in Vizianagaram, Vishakapatnam, Prakasam and Srikakulam districts, respectively. Highest prevalence observed in female bovines as 5.1 percent while none of the male animal was found positive for microfilariosis. Higher prevalence was noticed in the bovines with age group of above 9 years (9.09 %), followed by age groups of 6 to 9 years (5.7 %) and 3 to 6 years (2.6 %). Prevalence of bovine microfilariosis was recorded as 6.5, 3.6 and 3.1 percent in lactating animals, heifers and non-lactating animals, respectively. Cross bred cattle and Murrah buffaloes have an infection rate of 4.8 and 5.9 percent, respectively while the infection rates of indigenous cattle and non-descript buffaloes were 3.9 and 2.9 percent, respectively. Dot-ELISA was standardized to detect the circulating antibodies of bovine microfilariosis. The overall prevalence of bovine microfilariosis recorded was 11.3 and 11.1 percent by indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA, respectively. Indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA detected antibodies of microfilariosis in 80 and 79 sera samples out of 81 known positive samples for microfilariosis by modified Knott’s test. Out of 1547 samples found negative by modified Knott’s technique, indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA detected antibodies for microfilariosis in 104 (6.7 %) and 103 (6.6 %) samples, respectively. The results obtained by indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA were compared with the conventional diagnosis of microfilariosis. The indirect ELISA and dot-ELISA were found more sensitive assays for diagnosis of bovine microfilariosis than wet blood film and modified Knott’s methods. The present study also revealed the advantages of dot-ELISA for diagnosis of bovine microfilariosis.