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Subject: Veterinary Medicine × Author: PADMAJA, K × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2000 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CLINICAL STUDIES ON POSTPARTURIENT INDIGESTION WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO HEPATIC DISORDERS AND PRODUCTION DISEASES IN BUFFALOES
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2009-06) PADMAJA, K; TIRUMALA RAO, D.S(MAJOR); AMEER HAMZA, P; SADASIVA RAO, K; GOPALA REDDY, A
    ABSTRACT: The present investigation on Postparturient Indigestion (PPI) was undertaken to study the incidence, clinical and biochemical findings, therapeutic efficacy of certain drugs and to evolve a suitable comprehensive therapeutic and prophylactic measures for prevention of PPI in buffaloes associated with hepatic disorders and production diseases. Out of 320 recently calved (zero to two months after calving) buffaloes with the history of reduced feed intake and decreased milk yield presented at Ambulatory Clinic, Mylardevpally, Campus Veterinary Hospital, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar and a few peri urban dairy farms located in and around Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 90 (28.13%) buffaloes were found suffering with PPI. On detailed clinical examination and urine analysis of cases of PPI, it was observed that 43 (47.78%) buffaloes had hepatic insufficiency, 27 (30 %) had production diseases and 20 (22.22 %) had PPI alone. Out of 43 buffaloes of hepatic insufficiency, 23 (25.56 %) had hepatic insufficiency alone, 20 (22.22 %) had hepatic insufficiency and production diseases, 10 (11.11 %) had hepatic insufficiency with sub clinical hypocalcaemia and 10 (11.11 %) had hepatic disorders with sub clinical ketosis. Out of 27 buffaloes with incidence of PPI in relation to production diseases, 14 (15.56 %) had sub clinical hypocalcaemia and 13 (14.44 %) had sub clinical ketosis. Based on the urine analysis, 90 PPI animals were divided into five groups IIa, IIb, III, IV and V. These five groups were subdivided into two each viz., IIa1, IIa2, IIb1, IIb2, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va and Vb for conducting therapeutic trials. Ten apparently healthy postparturient buffaloes (Group I) were subjected to clinical observations and biochemical investigations, and they served as healthy control group. The most common and consistent symptom observed in buffaloes suffering with PPI was reduction in feed intake and decreased milk yield. Scanty dung was observed in few cases. Milk samples of all the 90 cases of PPI were found negative for ketones before and after treatment. There was no significant difference in the values of temperature, pulse and respiratory rate of PPI animals before and after treatment, which indicated that PPI had no significant effect on the above parameters. All the animals during the treatment regained the appetite and milk yield was increased. Ruminal motility was increased significantly (P<0.01). Urine analysis was normal in all the groups after the treatment. The buffaloes with PPI were administered different therapeutic regimens. Animals belonging to group IIa were low in urinary calcium and hence, 450 ml of Calboral i/v and 300 g of Calup gel P.O was administered for two days in groups IIa1 and IIa2, respectively. Significant improvement was observed in both the groups. Based on the ANOVA results and comparative means, the treatment of group IIa2 was more effective. The group IIb animals were found positive for urinary ketones hence, Rintose 0.50 g per kg b wt i/v was administered for two days. In addition, Laurabolin 100 mg i/m single dose and Ketonex boli 4 per day P.O for three days was given to groups IIb1 and IIb2, respectively. The mean serum glucose and calcium levels increased significantly at 1% (P<0.01) and 5 % (P<0.05), in groups IIb1 and IIb2, respectively. However, the mean serum GGT and total bilirubin levels decreased significantly (P<0.01) in group IIb2. Though there was an improvement in both the groups, the comparative means of serum glucose of healthy, group IIb1 and IIb2 revealed that the treatment given to group IIb2 was more effective. Group III animals were positive for urinary bile pigments. Hence, Rintose 0.50 g per kg b wt i/v was administered for one day. In addition, Livadex forte 10 ml i/m and Toxol 10 ml i/m for three days was given in groups IIIa and IIIb, respectively. The mean serum glucose and total protein levels were increased significantly (P<0.01) in group IIIa animals. There was a significant (P<0.01) decrease in serum AST values, in groups IIIa and IIIb, whereas the mean GGT values decreased significantly (P<0.01) in group IIIb animals. The comparative means of serum AST and GGT of healthy, group IIIa and IIIb revealed that the efficacy of both the treatments was same. Animals belonging to group IV were positive for urinary bile pigments. In addition, IVa was low in calcium, IVb was positive for ketone bodies in urine. The animals of IVa were administered Rintose 0.50 g per kg b wt i/v, Tribivet 10 ml i/m for three days and 300 g of Calup gel P.O for two days. Group IVb animals were administered Rintose 0.50 g per kg b wt i/v for three days, Laurabolin 100 mg i/m single dose and 2 boli of Zigbo P.O. for five days. The mean serum glucose, total protein, albumin and calcium increased significantly (P<0.01) in group IVa animals, whereas the mean serum AST, GGT and total bilirubin decreased significantly (P<0.01). In group IVb animals, the mean total protein, albumin, calcium and phosphorous levels increased significantly (P<0.01), whereas the mean serum AST, GGT and cholesterol levels decreased significantly (P<0.01). Both the treatments were equally effective since the levels of serum AST and GGT were significantly (P<0.01) decreased after therapy. 73 Group V animals were normal in terms of urine analysis. However, rumen liquor analysis revealed alkaline indigestion with mean pH of 8.00±0.00. They were administered Rintose 0.50 g per kg b wt i/v and Anistamin 10 ml i/m for one day. Besides, bolus Ecotas 2 per day P.O. for four days and bolus Rumentas 4 per day (2 boli BID) P.O. for three days were given in groups Va and Vb, respectively. The mean values of serum calcium and albumin increased significantly (P<0.01) in group Va animals. The comparative means of serum glucose and calcium of healthy, group Va and Vb revealed that the efficacy of treatment provided to group Va was more effective. Therefore, it can be concluded that in the treatment of PPI in buffaloes, hepatoprotective and liver stimulant drugs along with i/v administration of glucose, oral calcium preparation and a combination of probiotics and prebiotics are recommended. Urine analysis can be considered as a diagnostic tool for early detection of PPI in buffaloes