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2008 - 20102
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Subject: Veterinary Anatomy × End date: 2010 × Start date: 2000 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GROSS ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON THE JOINTS OF THE LIMBS IN BUFFALO CALVES (Bubalus bubalis)
    (Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, TIRUPATI – 517 502,A.P, 2010-08) SUPRIYA, BOTLAGUNTA; CHANDRASEKHARA RAO, T.S (Major); JAGAPATHI RAMAYYA, P; SURESH KUMAR, R.V
    ABSTRACT : The gross anatomical study on the joints of 1-1½ year old buffalo calves was undertaken on 15 calves procured from areas in and around Tirupati. The artc. humeri was spheroidea structurally and ginglymus functionally and its capsula articularis was reinforced by collagenous and elastic fibres. The artc. cubiti was a composite joint consisting of artc. humeroradialis, artc. humeroulnaris and artc. radioulnaris proximalis. The artc. humeroradialis, and artc. humeroulnaris were hinge type of joints while, the artc. radioulnaris was an amphiarthrosis. The artc. carpi was a composite joint and consisted of artc. antebrachiocarpea, artc. mediocarpea, artc. intercarpea, artc. ossis carpi accessorii and artc. carpometacarpea. The artc. antebrachiocarpea consisted of artc. radiocarpea and artc. ulnocarpea. The artc. antebrachiocarpea and artc. mediocarpea were ginglymus type while, artc. intercarpea was plane (arthrodial) type and artc. carpometacarpea was amphiathrodial. The artc. intermetacarpea was an amphiarthrodial joint. The artcc. metacarpophalangeales were ginglymus type of joints. The artc. interphalangeae proximales manus and the artc. interphalangeae distales manus were saddle joints. The articulatio sacroiliaca was an amphiarthrodial joint. The fibrous bundles above and below the symphysis and lig. pubicum craniale were associated with sym. pelvina. The artc. coxae was a spheroidal joint and also showed lig. ischiofemorale. The artc.genus was a composite joint comprised of artc. femorotibialis and artc. femoropatellaris. The artc. femorotibialis was a hinge joint and showed Rao’s ligament. The artc. femoropatellaris was a sledge joint. Artc. tibiofibularis proximalis and distalis were amphiarthrodial joints. The artc. tarsi was a composite joint and it comprised of artc. tarsocruralis, artc. intertarsea proximalis, artc. intertarsea distalis and the artc. tarsometatarsea. The artc. tarsocruralis was a ginglymus joint while, artc. intertarsea proximalis, artc. intertarsea distalis and the artc. tarsometatarsea were amphiarthroses. The artc. intermetatarsea included the capsula articularis and ligg. metatarsea interossea. The artcc. metatarsophalangeae were ginglymus type while, artc. interphalangeae pedis proximalis and artc. interphalangeae pedis distalis were saddle joints. The superior sesamoidean ligament’s length and thickness were more in hind limb, while width was more in fore limb. The length of all divisions of superior sesamoidean ligament was higher in hind limb.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Histological and Histochemical studies on the placentomes of the buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
    (2008) PRASANTH BABU, A; Chandrasekhara Rao, T.S(Major); Srilatha, Ch.; Suresh Kumar, R.V
    ABSTRACT : The study was made on 220 samples of buffalo placentomes belonging to 66 age groups starting from 37 days to 255 days of pregnancy to study the histological and histochemical aspects of the placentomes. The placentomes were categorized 23 into following three groups viz. Early pregnancy (38 days to 3rd month), mid pregnancy (4th month to 6th month) and late pregnancy (7th month to 8 month 15 days). The placenta of buffalo can be classified as epitheliochorial type as maternal epithelium is intact and is in close apposition with trophoblastic epithelium. It is synepitheliochorial sub type as migration and fusion of trophoblastic originating giant cells with maternal epithelium is observed. However patches of syndesmochorial arrangement were also seen due to denudation of maternal epithelium during early and mid pregnancies particularly at the tips of intercrypt columns. A firm attachment between foetal and maternal components was observed from 61 days of pregnancy onwards. During late pregnancy the foetal and maternal parts of the placentomes were gradually separated from each other. Extensive branching of crypts was observed from 64 days of pregnancy onwards. Secondary and tertiary branching of villi was observed at 70 and 87 days of pregnancy respectively. During late pregnancy extensive ramifications of foetal villi were observed. 24