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Subject: Veterinary Anatomy × Author: SRI SAI ANUSHA, PANNIRU × Start date: 2020 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN FOR BONE REGENERATION IN THE CALVARIAL DEFECTS OF WISTAR RATS (Rattus norvegicus)
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2021-02) SRI SAI ANUSHA, PANNIRU; KISHORE, P.V.S. (MAJOR); RAJU, N.K.B; SREENU, M
    A comparative histomorphological evaluation of hydroxyapatite of different origin as bone graft material was conducted using 60 adult male Wistar rats divided into three groups; A, B and C each consisting of 20 animals. Two symmetrical bilateral 6 mm critical parietal defects were created. Apart from the control (unfilled), others were filled with the graft material. Sacrifice was done at 10th, 30th, 60th, 90th and 120th day post-surgery. In Group A, a collagen membrane was used to cover the defect. The left side defect (AD1) was unfilled while the right side defect (AD2) was filled with eggshell derived hydroxyapatite (eHA). In both AD1 and AD2, the new bone formation was initiated from the margins of the defect and a continuous table of bone was observed at 90th day. In AD1, mature bone was evident but the centre of the defects was not completely healed. In AD2 the defect mostly healed. In Group B, a collagen membrane was used to cover the defect. The left side defect (BD1) was filled with synthetic hydroxyapatite (sHA) while the right side defect Name (BD2) was filled with eHA. In both BD1 and BD2, the woven bone was observed throughout the defect. At 120th day, thick mature bone almost healed as a thick continuous table in the defect. In Group C the defect was not covered with a collagen membrane. The left side defect (CD1) was unfilled while the right side defect (CD2) was filled with eHA. Greater amount of regenerated bone with maximum defect filling was observed in CD2 at 120th day compared with CD1. In a comparison of the control groups with (AD1) and without collagen membrane (CD1), the new bone formation was mostly observed at the margins of the defect in CD1. The new bone foci at the centre of the defect were more in AD1 than in CD1 at 60th day. The centre of the defects was not completely united; instead; the gap was filled with connective tissue. The thickness of the matured bone was more in AD1 than in CD1 at 120thday. In a comparison of eHA with (AD2 and BD2) and without collagen membrane (CD2) the initial new woven bone growth was seen at both margins and in the centre of the defect in both AD2 and BD2 but it was seen only at the margins of the defect in CD2. At 120th day in all the subgroups, a thick continuous table was observed on both surfaces of the bone. For histomorphometric analysis, CD1 was taken as baseline. The bone growth observed was more between the 30th and 60th day. For total bone formation, AD1 and AD2, BD1 and BD2 were not statistically significant (p<0.05). CD1 and CD2 were statistically significant (p<0.05). For total fibrous connective tissue, there was no statistical significance in any of the groups (p<0.05). The thickness of the bone, the density of the matrix and the total bone formation progressively increased whereas the total fibrous connective tissue progressively decreased in all the groups throughout the healing process during the experimental period. Both eHA and sHA showed osteoconductive property. Collagen membrane acted as a scaffold for cell migration and contributed to the connective tissue and woven bone formation.