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Subject: Livestock Production and Management × Start date: 2009 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON EFFECT OF TYPE OF FLOORING ON PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIOUR OF MURRAH BUFFALO CALVES
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2023-03) TONY UPPIRETLA; ANANDA RAO .K (MAJOR); ASHALATHA .P; VINOO .R
    The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of type of flooring on performance and behaviour of Murrah Buffalo calves. A total of 18 healthy Murrah buffalo calves of either sex aged 6-8 months, maintained at Buffalo Research Station (BRS), Venkataramannagudem, were randomly selected and housed in three separate pens for a period of 3 months from August 2022 to October 2022. Calves of first group were reared on concrete flooring (T1), the calves of second group were reared on Rubber mat flooring (T2) and the calves of third group were reared on soil flooring (T3). The animals were exposed to their respective floorings round the clock. The final mean body weights (kgs) of the corresponding groups T1, T2 and T3, after 90 days were 151.53 ± 1.23, 164.48 ± 1.41 and 156.23 ± 1.17 respectively, in which T2 was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than T1 and T3. The overall mean ADG (g) differed significantly (P < 0.01) and followed the trend T2 > T3 > T1 (477.53 ± 12.35, 389.86 ± 7.95, 331.78 ± 6.66) respectively. The mean body lengths (cm) of the Murrah buffalo calves of three treatment groups T1, T2 and T3, at the end of the experiment were 104.78 ± 0.85, 106.68 ± 1.85 and 106.68 ± 1.31 respectively, which did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). The overall mean chest girths (cm) differ significantly (P < 0.01) and followed a trend T2 > T3 > T1 (137.57 ± 1.47, 132.81 ± 0.93, 129.24 ± 0.86) respectively. The overall mean height at withers (cm) of T2 (111.05 ± 1.21) was significantly higher than T1 (106.56 ± 0.62) and T3 (108.33 ± 0.70), but there was no difference between T1 and T3. The overall mean poll lengths (cm) of the Murrah buffalo calves of three treatment groups T1, T2 and T3 were 21.29 ± 0.28, 21.92 ± 0.39 and 21.08 ± 0.25 respectively which did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). The overall mean tail length (cm) of T2 (58.45 ± 0.68) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than T1 (55.49 ± 0.79) and T3 (56.21 ± 0.79), but there was no significant difference between T1 and T3. The overall mean rectal temperature (˚F) of T3 (100.58 ± 0.08) was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than T1 (101.25 ± 0.16) and T2 (100.95 ± 0.12). The overall mean pulse rates also differ significantly (P < 0.01) between the groups. The overall mean pulse rate of T3 (65.48 ± 0.99) was significantly lower than T2 (70.14 ± 1.40) followed by T1 (73.95 ± 1.61). The overall mean respiration rate of T3 (22.71 ± 0.29) was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than T2 (23.76 ± 0.33) followed by T1 (25.05 ± 0.44). The overall mean cleanliness score of T3 (2.54 ± 0.11) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than T1 (2.26 ± 0.10) followed by T2 (1.95 ± 0.07). The overall mean skin health score of T1 (1.52 ± 0.04) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than T3 (1.29 ± 0.04) followed by T2 (1.36 ± 0.05) but there was no significant difference between T2 and T3. The overall mean heel erosions of T1 (0.64 ± 0.07) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than T3 (0.33 ± 0.07) but doesn’t differ from T2 (0.48 ± 0.08) and there was no significant difference between T1, T2 and T2, T3. There was a significant difference (P = 0.05) in average hoof concavity score observed in the last fortnight between the treatments, in which T1 (1.00 ± 0.01) was significantly higher (P = 0.05) than T2 (0.33 ± 0.21) but doesn’t differ significantly from T2 (0.50 ± 0.22). There was a significant difference (P = 0.05) in average hoof overgrowth score observed in the last fortnight between the treatments, in which T3 (1.00 ± 0.01) was significantly higher (P = 0.05) than T1 (0.33 ± 0.21) but doesn’t differ significantly from T2 (0.50 ± 0.22). The overall mean standing time of the treatment groups for T1, T2 and T3 were 662.90 ± 6.08, 649.07 ± 8.96 and 640.86 ± 14.00 respectively, which was higher in T1 and lower in T3 but doesn’t differ significantly (P > 0.05). The overall mean sitting time of T2 (592.55 ± 13.94) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than T3 (531.45 ± 15.07) but doesn’t differ significantly from T1 (576.71 ± 14.39). The overall mean eating time of T1(440.29 ± 16.13) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than T3 (399.07 ± 13.78) followed by T2 (355.24 ± 13.51). The overall mean rumination time (min/day) of T2 (383.57 ± 16.08) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than T3 (306.98 ± 12.31) followed by T1 (268.36 ± 8.19). The overall mean social licking time (sec/day) of T3 (734.31 ± 51.08) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than T2 (409.67 ± 30.27) followed by T1 (174.02 ± 12.10). The overall mean sleeping time of T1 (154.26 ± 6.85) was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than T2 (224.19 ± 8.92) and T3 (228.90 ± 10.84) but there was no significant difference between T2 and T3. The cost/kg body weight gain was highest in T1 (168.90) and was lowest in T3 (109.62). It can be concluded that provision of proper flooring like, rubber mat or soil floor can improve the comfortability of the dairy calves which in turn will have positive influence on the growth and ADG, thus calves can attain sexual maturity at an early age, improving the productive life span of the animals and increasing the profitability of dairy enterprise. For better economic reasons a mixed flooring can be followed like resting area can be installed with rubber mat flooring, open area with soil floor and rest of the area with other better alternate flooring.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON EFFECT OF MATING FREQUENCIES ON BREEDING BEHAVIOUR AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF CROSSBRED LARGE WHITE YORKSHIRE PIGS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2023-03) SATYA NARAYANA MURTHY .B.V.V; ASHALATHA .P (MAJOR); SIREESHA .K; RAJA KISHORE .K
    The present study was carried out on 18 crossbred LWY gilts and sows with the objectives to study the effect of various mating frequencies on breeding behaviour, reproductive and litter performance and to compare number of man hours involved in it. The 18 crossbred LWY gilts and sows under study were randomly divided into 3 equal groups of 6 gilts/sows each viz., Group I, II and III which were mated once, twice and thrice respectively, during a heat period. Overall mean bout frequencies of pre-coital sexual behaviours viz., sniffing, biting, champing, licking, nosing/nuzzling, nudging, head to head, caressing ears, sniffing genitalia, tail biting, teasing/playful, aggression, dribbling of urine, non-specific exploration and resting of chin were observed as 1.46 ± 0.08, 1.19 ± 0.07, 1.20 ± 0.08, 1.32 ± 0.10, 1.78 ± 0.11, 1.97 ± 0.09, 1.18 ± 0.09, 1.00 ± 0.00, 1.28 ± 0.08, 1.00 ± 0.00, 1.00 ± 0.00, 1.00 ± 0.00, 1.28 ± 0.08, 1.00 ± 0.00 and 1.04 ±0.04, respectively. The most frequent pre-coital behaviours were nosing (1.78 ± 0.11) and nudging (1.97 ± 0.09). Some pre-coital behaviours like sniffing, head to head interaction and sniffing genitalia were significantly (p<0.05) higher in group I (1.83 ± 0.17, 1.60 ± 0.24, 1.67 ± 0.21, respectively) than group III (1.23 ± 0.11, 1.00 ± 0.12, 1.21 ± 0.11, respectively). The overall mean frequencies of coital sexual behaviours i.e, successful mounting and number of mounting attempts were 1.00 ± 0.00 and 1.36 ± 0.08 during the total mating sessions. The overall mean bout frequencies of post coital behaviours viz., sniffing, biting, champing, nosing, nudging, head to head, caressing ears and circling the partner were observed as 1.31 ± 0.08, 1.09 ± 0.06, 1.48 ± 0.09, 1.50 ± 0.08, 1.52 ± 0.11, 1.09 ±0.06, 1.00 ± 0.00 and1.11 ± 0.08 respectively. Total duration of mounting, total duration of intromission and refractory period were 11.26 ± 0.27 min, 10.42 ± 0.28 min and 2.46 ± 0.20 respectively. Recorded sexual behavioural activity in crossbred LWY gilts and sows showed no restlessness during successful mating session. Overall intermittent movement, slight forward movement, standing firmly were observed during, 5 (13.88%), 7 (19.44%) and 24 (66.66%) successful mating sessions, respectively. Gilts/sows exhibited frequent and partial vocalisation during 3 (8.33%), 10 (27.77%) mating sessions respectively out of total successful mating sessions. Gilts/ sows remained content during 22 (61.11%) successful mating sessions. Aggression, urinating and sniffing male genitalia was observed during 3 (8.33%), 11 (30.55%), 13 (36.11%) successful mating sessions out of total successful mating sessions. There was no significant difference between the groups. Overall mean of the physical signs of approaching parturition viz., swelling of vulva, cloudy mucus from vulva, udder enlargement and drooping of tail were observed 148.77 ± 4.09 h, 43.84 ± 3.21 h, 167.55 ± 4.54 h and 1.37 ± 0.16 h, respectively before farrowing. Overall mean of the primary changes in peri-partum behaviour viz., restlessness, grunting and anxiousness were observed 24.33 ± 3.16 h, 17.00 ± 3.11 h and 3.50 ± 0.64 h, respectively before farrowing. Grunting was significantly (p<0.05) higher in group I (27.33 ± 5.21 h) followed by group II (10.80 ± 3.19 h) and group III (14.00 ± 2.31 h). Overall mean of nest building behaviours viz., rooting & pawing, bar biting, chewing were observed 50.22 ± 4.47 h, 29.00 ± 2.66 h and 17.77 ± 1.41 h, before the birth of first piglet. The overall average inter-piglet birth interval was 16.22 ± 0.17 and the first inter piglet birth interval 22.27 ± 2.79 min was the longest. The overall mean for farrowing duration and time taken for expulsion of placenta after the birth of last piglet were 138.78 ± 4.96 min and 69.39 ± 6.68 min, respectively. Overall mean estrous duration was 65.89 ± 1.58 h. The breeding percentage and conception rate were 100 % in all the three groups I, II and III. Overall average number of services required for conception were 2.00 ± 0.19. Farrowing rates were 100% in all the groups. The overall average gestation period was 112.78 ± 0.67. Overall mean litter size in crossbred LWY gilts and sows was recorded as 9.50 ± 0.31. The mean litter size was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Group III (10.50 ± 0.50) than group I (8.67 ± 0.49). Overall mean number of live piglets in each litter was observed as 9.16 ± 0.41. Overall mean values of litter weight, piglet weight, number of male and female piglets at birth were reported as 11.04 ± 0.48 kg, 1.21 ± 0.04 kg, 5.17 ± 0.32 and 3.89 ± 0.18, respectively. The mean duration of man hours involved in heat detection, observed in group I, group II and group III were 55.16 ± 8.81, 25.83 ± 8.85 and 17.27 ± 6.48 min, respectively. The man hours involved for heat detection in group I was significantly (P<0.05) higher than group II and group III. The mean duration of man hours involved in completion of mating, observed in group I, group II and group III were 21.16±1.77, 22.25±0.82 and 22.44±0.95 min, respectively. The mean total duration of man hours involved (min) in heat detection and completion of mating was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Group I (72.83±8.37) than group III (39.72±7.04). The mean total duration of man hours involved (min) in breeding of all the sows and gilts was significantly higher (p<0.05) in group III (714.96) than group I (436.98). Based upon prevailing market rate for live weight (Rs. 110/kg), price of the produced live weight was observed as Rs. 1159.40, 1197.90 and 1283.7 in group I, group II and group III, respectively. Total labour cost (in Rs) required for mating was significantly (p<0.05) higher in group III (519.10) than group I (293.30). It was concluded that, in outdoor hand mating system, single mating frequency was economical over double and triple mating frequencies. Litter size was significantly (p<0.05) higher in groups that were mated thrice than those mated for single time in a particular heat period. Besides, most of the behavioural responses and reproductive performances were similar under all the three mating frequencies.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON EFFECT OF HOUSING SYSTEM ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WEANED NELLORE BROWN LAMBS
    (2023-03) VIJAYA LAKSHMI SIDDABATHINA; ANITHA. A; VENKATA SESHAIAH .CH; VINOO .R
    An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of housing system on the dry matter intake, body weights, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, morphometry, body condition scores, cleanliness scores, hoof condition and lameness scores, conjunctival mucosa colour, faecal egg count, physiological parameters and behaviour of weaned Nellore Brown lambs. Under this study, 20 weaned lambs of 3 to 7 months age from Livestock Farm Complex of NTR College of Veterinary Sciences, Gannavaram were randomly allotted to 2 groups viz., in slatted (T1) and moorum (T2) housing. The study was carried out for a period of 90 days with an acclimatization period of 15 days for lambs at sheep unit of Livestock Farm Complex (LFC). The study revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher body weights (kg) in slatted floor (17.03±0.38) compared to moorum floor (16.08±0.24). The overall mean average daily gain (g) was 79.54±5.25 in slatted floor and 58.35±3.98 in moorum floor which differed significantly (P<0.05). The overall mean DMI (kg) was significantly (P<0.01) high in slatted floor (0.66±0.03) compared to moorum floor (0.59±0.02). The overall mean FCR was 5.43±0.12 and 6.53±0.28 in slatted and moorum floors, respectively which differed significantly (P<0.01). The overall mean body length (cm) was 54.09±0.32 and 53.49±0.29 in T1 and T2, respectively. The overall mean height at withers (cm) of slatted and moorum floors was 9.40±0.33 and 59.28±0.29. The overall mean chest girth (cm) was 63.93±0.52 and 63.10±0.46 in slatted and moorum floors, respectively. The overall mean abdominal girth (cm) was 65.87±0.44 and 64.90±0.44 in T1 and T2, respectively. The overall mean thigh circumference (cm) was significantly higher (P<0.05) in slatted floor (28.70±0.55) than moorum floor (26.44±0.36). The initial mean BCS was 1.75±0.11 which was increased to 2.90±0.10 by the end of the study period under slatted floor. The mean initial BCS was 1.70±0.11 which was increased to 2.75±0.31 by the end of the study period under moorum floor. Overall BCS of lambs was 2.35±0.65 and 2.19±0.53 in slatted and moorum floors, respectively. Cleanliness scoring of lambs was done based on two parameters viz., fleece cleanliness and faecal soiling. Fleece cleanliness scores were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the slatted floor (1.3±0.15) at the end of the experiment and also the overall mean score was significantly lower (P<0.05) in slatted floor (1.10±0.54). The overall mean faecal soiling scores were significantly (P<0.01) lower in T1 (1.28±0.11) compared to T2 (1.77±0.61). The lower scores recorded in slatted floor indicated that the lambs are cleaner compared to moorum floor. Higher incidence of hoof lesions was observed in moorum floor (60%). The overall mean lameness score was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T2 (0.32±0.07) compared to T1 (0.1±0.03). Colour of the conjunctival mucous membrane was scored using FAMACHA chart to see the level of anemia and it showed relatively lower scores under slatted floor (1.74±0.07) than moorum floor (2.0±0.10). Faecal examination showed lower eggs per gram (EPG) under slatted floor (155±68.85) compared to moorum floor (325±68.85). The mean heart rate (beats/min) was 83.52±1.39 and 83.37±1.33 in slatted and moorum floors, respectively. The mean pulse rate (beats/min) was 82.05±1.45 under slatted floor and 82.27±1.41 under moorum floor. The mean respiration rate (breaths/min) was 26.92±0.50 and 26.34±0.55, under slatted and moorum floors respectively. The mean rectal temperature (0F) was 102.15±0.10 in T1 and 102.22±0.10 in T2. Housing system did not have any significant effect on the physiological parameters. The behavioural activities recorded in Nellore Brown lambs revealed that the mean standing time (min/day) was 311.79±10.77 and 367.56±9.89 under slatted and moorum floors, respectively. The mean lying time (min/day) was 803.08±13.64 under slatted floor and 777.56±13.88 under moorum floor. The mean eating time (min/day) was 325.16±6.77 and 294.88±10.49 under slatted and moorum floors, respectively. It was observed that significantly lower (P<0.05) standing time was present under slatted floor than moorum floor. Relatively higher lying and eating time were present in slatted floor indicating more comfort of the lambs compared to moorum floor.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON BUFFALO PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN DELTA AND UPLAND AREAS OF WEST GODAVARI DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2022-09) LAKSHMI KALYANI, G; ANITHA, A(MAJOR); ASHA LATHA, P; SUDHAKAR, K
    An investigation was conducted to study the production and reproduction performance of buffaloes, management practices, cost of milk production, socio-economic characters and constraints perceived by the buffalo milk producers of Godavari delta and upland areas of West Godavari district in Andhra Pradesh. The cattle and buffalo population increased by 8.56and 39.04 per cent, respectively during the period from 1999 to 2019 in the district. The contribution of buffalo milk to the total milk production of West Godavari district is 85.17 per cent. The mean total number of buffaloes was significant (p ≤ 0.05) higher in Godavari delta area (4.88 ± 0.86) than that in upland (2.13 ± 0.34) area. The mean age at first calving (months) was significant (p ≤ 0.01) lower in graded Murrah (41.72 ± 0.52) and Murrah (39.52 ± 0.70) buffaloes. The service period (days) was significant (p ≤ 0.01) lower in Murrah buffaloes (101.82 ± 4.34) of delta area. There was no significant difference in calving interval between the buffaloes of delta and upland area.The peak yield (litres) was significant (p ≤ 0.01) higher in local buffaloes (5.25 ± 0.13) of delta area. The lactation milk yield (litres) was significant (p ≤ 0.01) higher in local (1050.12 ± 27.54) and Murrah (1942.80 ± 51.3) buffaloes of delta area. The lactation period (days) was significant (p ≤ 0.01) higher (332.75± 3.95) and the dry period (days) was significant (p ≤ 0.01) lower (101.81±2.30) in graded Murrah buffaloes of delta area. Adoption of A.I in buffaloes was significant (p ≤ 0.01) higher in the Godavari delta (87%) than that in upland area (79%). Majority of buffalo milk producers bred their animals between 3-5 months after calving in the Godavari delta (77%). Most of the buffalo milk producers adopted pregnancy diagnosis in the study area (96.50%). The practice of green fodder production was significant (p ≤ 0.01) higher in Godavari delta (79%) than that in upland area (58%). The practice of chaffing of green fodder was very low (1.5%) in the study area. Significant (p ≤ 0.01) majority of buffalo milk producers in upland area (93%) provided home made concentrate mixture. Significant (p ≤ 0.01) majority of the buffalo milk producers practiced soaking of concentrates in delta area (67%) compared to upland area (42%). Most of the buffalo milk producers provided concentrate feed to animals on flat rate basis in Godavari upland (87%) than in delta (83%) area. Supplementation of mineral mixture (42%) and common salt (16%) in the feed was practiced by significant (p ≤ 0.01) majority of buffalo milk producers in the delta area. The practice of extra concentrate feeding during advanced pregnancy was significant (p ≤ 0.05) higher in Godavari delta (31%) compared to upland (16%) area. Majority of buffalo milk producers in upland (99%), and delta area (82%) provided drinking water to animals from tube well. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) majority of buffalo milk producers in upland (72%) than in delta area (58%) located the animal shed nearer to their dwelling. Significant (p ≤ 0.01) majority of the respondents in delta area provided pucca flooring (28%) and drainage (21%) in animal houses. Significant (p ≤ 0.01) majority of the respondents of delta area provided cooling devices (25%), wallowing of buffaloes (71%) and practiced cleaning of sheds twice in a day (52%) compared to upland area.Colostrum feeding to new born calf within one hour of birth (91%), weaning of calves (6%) and regular deworming of calves (75%) was practiced by significant (p ≤ 0.01) majority of milk producers in Godavari delta area. Washing of animals before milking (53%) and marketing of milk to co-operatives / private diaries (78%) was practiced by significant (p ≤ 0.01) majority of milk producers in delta area. Vaccination against BQ was practiced by significant (p ≤ 0.01) majority of milk producers in upland area (60 %). Deworming of adult animals (42%), control of ecto-parasites using insecticides (88%) and isolation of sick animals (30%) was found to be significant (p≤0.01) higher in Godavari delta area. The average gross cost, cost of milk production, gross income and net income of graded Murrah buffalo was significant (p≤ 0.01) higher in Godavari delta area (Rs.191.52, 21.14, 467.79, 276.27, respectively). The average gross cost, cost of milk production and net income of local buffalo was significant (p≤ 0.05) higher in delta area (Rs.105.67, 22.86, 79.25, respectively) and the average gross income was significant (p≤0.01) higher in delta area (184.92) than that in upland area.The average gross cost and cost of milk production of Murrah buffalo was significant (p≤ 0.05) higher in Godavari delta area (207.02 and 20.49, respectively). The average gross income and net income of Murrah buffalo was significant (p≤0.01) higher in Godavari delta area (581.93 and 374.91, respectively). Majority of buffalo milk producers belonged to middle age (76.5%) and were illiterate (41%). Majority of buffalo milk producers had agricultureas main occupation (82%) and dairying as subsidiary occupation (6.5%). Most of the milk producers in study area (33%) were of marginal farmer category. Significant (p≤ 0.01) majority (45.5%)of milk producers had extension contact with veterinarian followed by para veterinarian (33%). High cost of pure bred buffaloes (84.56%), high cost of feed and feed ingredients (73.5%),high incidence of repeat breeding (68%) and anoestrum (67.5%) were found to be some of the major constraints perceived by buffalo milk producers in the study area. Majority of veterinarians expressed problem of inadequate facilities for diagnostic purpose and specialized treatment (100%), not bringing animals in right time for A.I (96%), larger area to be covered for treatment of livestock (94%) and lack of sufficient knowledge to the farmers about the scientific feeding and management of buffaloes (94%) as major constraints in buffalo production of West Godavari district.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT FODDER CROPS UNDER LOW COST GREEN HOUSE HYDROPONIC FODDER PRODUCTION SYSTEM
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2022-05) SUMUKH, CHERUKURI; ASHA LATHA, P(MAJOR); ANANDA RAO, K; SUBRAHMANYESWARI, B
    Hydroponic Fodder is a significant alternative to fodder production for the farmers with minimal land availability, with scarce rainfall and with better productive performance compared to conventional fodder production. An endeavor was made to assess the physical and chemical performance of different Hydroponic Fodder under low cost Hydroponic Fodder Production system established in Tippanagunta village and also to assess the probabilities of utilization of Hydroponic Fodder for the better productive performance of cattle under village conditions using the Hydroponic Fodder. Different seeds such as Maize, Barley, Bajra, Jowar, Horsegram, Cowpea, Lucerne and Pillipesara were used for this study. The shoot length(cm) on 8th day was highest in Maize (32.7) followed by Cowpea (26.7), Horsegram (26.11), Jowar (23.1), Barley (20.7), Pillipesara (16.5), Bajra (13.8), Lucerne (8.9). The shoot length of different Hydroponic Fodders on 8th day of growth was statistically significant (P0.01), The leaf area for Lucerne (0.182) and Pillipesara (0.172) on 5th day was not statistically significant at (P>0.01). The leaf area of different Hydroponic Fodders on 6th day of growth was statistically significant (P0.01). The leaf area for Lucerne (0.194) and Pillipesara (0.199) on 6th day was not statistically significant at (P>0.01).The leaf area of different Hydroponic Fodders on 7th day of growth was statistically significant (P0.01). The leaf area of different Hydroponic Fodders on 8th day of growth was statistically significant (P0.01). The number of leaves per plant in Hydroponic Maize Fodder on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7, day were 0, 0, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3 and 3, respectively. The number of leaves per plant in Hydroponic Jowar Fodder on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7, day were 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3 and 3, respectively. The number of leaves per plant in Hydroponic Bajra Fodder on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7, day were 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 and 1, respectively. The number of leaves per plant in Hydroponic Barley Fodder on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7, day were 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1 and 1.The number of leaves per plant in Hydroponic Cowpea Fodder on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7, day were 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 and 2, respectively. The number of leaves per plant in Hydroponic Lucerne Fodder on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7, day were 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 and 2, respectively. The number of leaves per plant in Hydroponic Horsegram Fodder on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7, day were 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 and 2, respectively. The number of leaves per plant in Hydroponic Pillipesara Fodder on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7, day were 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2 and 2, respectively. ` The highest biomass yield on 8th day was shown by Cowpea(8.2kg), followed by Pillipesara (7.92kg), Lucerne (7.0kg), Horsegram (6.76kg), Bajra (6.44kg), Maize (6.12kg), Jowar (5.65kg) and Barley(5.23kg). The biomass yield of different Hydroponic Fodders on 8th day of growth was statistically significant (P0.01), the biomass yield on 3rd day from Barley and Maize was not statistically significant at (P<0.01). The biomass yield on 2nd day was highest for Lucerne (4.47kg), Cowpea (4.41kg), Horsegram (3.58kg), Pillipesara (3.57kg), Bajra (3.48kg), Jowar (3.32kg), Barley(3.04kg) and Maize (2.48kg). The biomass yield of different Hydroponic Fodders on 2nd day of growth was statistically significant (P<0.01). The biomass yield on 2nd day from Horsegram and Pillipesara was not statistically significant at (P<0.01), the biomass yield on 2nd day from Bajra and Jowar was not statistically significant at (P<0.01). The biomass yield on 1st day was highest for Lucerne (4.47kg) followed by Cowpea (4.41kg), Horsegram (3.58kg), Pillipesara (3.57kg), Bajra (2.72kg), Jowar (2.62kg), Barley (2.3kg) and Maize (1.81kg). The biomass yield of different Hydroponic Fodders on 1st day of growth was statistically significant (P<0.01). The biomass yield on 1st day from Horsegram and Pillipessara was not statistically significant at (P<0.01), the biomass yield on 1st day from Bajra and Jowar was not statistically significant at (P<0.01). The sprout weight after germination was highest for Cowpea (3.56kg) followed by Lucerne (3.3kg), Pillipesara (2.72kg), Horsegram (2.71kg), Bajra (2kg), Jowar (1.86kg), Barley (1.61kg) and Maize (1.45kg) as shown in table 43. The biomass yield of different Hydroponic Fodders on 0th day of growth was statistically significant (P<0.01). The biomass yield on 0th day from Pillipesara and Horsegram was not statistically significant at (P<0.01), The biomass yield on 0th day from Bajra and Jowar was not statistically significant at (P<0.01), The biomass yield on 0th day from Barley and Maize was not statistically significant at (P<0.01). The proximate composition of Hydroponic Maize was DM 14.4%, OM 97.61%, CP 12.59%, CF 10.9%, EE 4.25%, TA 2.39%, NFE 69.87%, AIA 0.34%. The proximate composition of Hydroponic Bajra Fodder was DM 12.6%, OM 97.14%, CP 14.22%, CF 16.56%, EE 2.35%, TA 2.86%, NFE 64.01%, AIA 0.96%. The proximate composition of Hydroponic Barley Fodder was DM 14.12%, OM 95.59%, CP 15.04, CF 16.05%, EE 2.41%, TA 4.41%, NFE 62.09%, AIA 1.82%. The proximate composition of Hydroponic Jowar Fodder was DM 21.41%, OM 97.02%, CP 15.81%, CF 10.38%, EE 3.68%, TA 2.98%, NFE 67.15%, AIA 0.33% .The proximate composition of Hydroponic Lucerne Fodder was DM 9.34%, OM 94.82%, CP 43.89%, CF 18.08%, EE 1.70%, TA 5.18%, NFE 31.15%, AIA 0.53%. The proximate composition of Hydroponic Pillipesara Fodder was DM 7.15%, OM 90.36%, CP 31.2%, CF 23.09%, EE 1.45%, TA 9.63%, NFE 34.63%, AIA 1.31%. The proximate composition of Hydroponic Cowpea Fodder was DM 8.97%, OM 92.03%, CP 30.99%, CF 20.02%, EE 1.39%, TA 7.97%, NFE 39.63%, AIA 1.99%. The proximate composition of Hydroponic Horse gram Fodder was the percent DM 8.71%, OM 93.83%, CP 30.16%, CF 20.14%, EE 1.46%, TA 6.17%, NFE 42.07%, AIA 1.29%. The highest gross return (Rs) was obtained from Cowpea (48) followed by Pillipesara (47.4), Lucerne (42), Horsegram (40.2), Barley (38.4), Maize (36), Jowar (33.6), Bajra (33). The highest net return (Rs) was in Maize (16) followed by Barley (8.4), Bajra (-7), Horsegram (-10), Jowar (-21.4), Pillipesara (-32.4), Cowpea (-57), Lucerne (- 73). The highest benefit cost ratio was obtained in Maize (1.8) followed by Barley (1.28), Bajra (0.83), Horsegram (0.8), Jowar (0.61), Pillipesara (0.59), Cowpea (0.45), Lucerne (0.33) The least cost of production for 1 kg of seed (Rs) was seen in Maize (2.5) followed by Barley (3.9), Bajra (6.36), Horsegram (6.71), Jowar (8.93). Pillipesara (9.49), Cowpea (12.5), Lucerne (17.14). To study the effect of Hydroponic Fodder on milk yield and milk composition, 12 lactating Murrah Buffaloes were selected in Tippanagunta village and they were divided in to two equal groups of treatment and control and fed with Hydroponic and conventional green fodder for 90day trial period. There was an increase of 10.65% in milk yield (Treatment-7.08kg, Control-6.4kg) between treatment and control group and 7.38% increase in milk fat percentage (Treatment-6.98%, Control-6.5%). There was a 7% increase in SNF (Treatment-10.92%, Control-10.21%) between treatment and control group. 11.4% increase in FCM (Treatment-9.41%, Control-8.46%) from the animals fed with conventional fodder and Hydroponic green fodder and a 9.19% increase in total solids (Treatment-18.3, Control-16.76) . This increase can be attributed to the constant production of high quality Hydroponic Fodder without any stoppages due to environmental conditions. It could be concluded that Hydroponic green fodder can be used to improve the productive performance while maintaining a relatively manageable cost especially in areas where conventional fodder supply is not constant or when the farmer lives in an area with low rainfall and in a situation of low land ownership
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN DAIRY FARMING IN GUNTUR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2022-03) KEERTHI, VADDESWARAPU; ANITHA, A (MAJOR); ANANDA RAO, K; SUDHAKAR, K
    An investigation was conducted to study the socio-economic profile, participation and decision making of farm women in dairy management practices, constraints faced by the women dairy farmers and constraints perceived by veterinarians in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. In the study area majority (P≤0.01) of farm women belonged to middle age group (70.20%), Backward Caste (38.20%) and had primary education (38.67%). Most of them were married (93.80%), belonged to nuclear families (76.40%) and had small family size (76.90%). Labour work and dairying was the major occupation (38.20%) of women in the study area. Most of the women had medium level of experience in dairying (51.60%) and were members in DWCRA/SHG (93.80%). Significant (P≤0.01) majority of women dairy farmers were frequently in contact with para veterinarian (62.70%) and veterinarian (46.20%). Women in Pedaravuru division had frequent exposure to television (37.30%) and occasional exposure to newspaper (29.30%). Women dairy farmers in Pedaravuru division obtained more income (rupees/day) through dairying (888.00±58.43). Women dairy farmers in Pedaravuru division possessed significant (P≤0.01) more graded Murrah buffaloes (5.57±0.38), buffalo calves (3.04±0.22) and participated regularly in taking animals for AI (65.30%), pregnancy diagnosis (56.00%), taking care of pregnant animals (84.00%) and arranging materials during parturition (74.70%). Significant (P≤0.01) majority of women dairy farmers in Narasaraopeta division had more participation in post calving care (83.00%). Women dairy farmers in Pedaravuru division were more involved in feeding animals with dry fodder (60.00%), concentrates (54.70%), storage of feed and fodder (49.30%) and green fodder collection and feeding (38.70%). Taking animals for grazing regularly was more in women dairy farmers in Narasaraopeta (41.30%) division than Pedaravuru (34.70%) and Guntur (8.00%) divisions. Majority of women dairy farmers in Pedaravuru division regularly participated in disposal of dung (58.70%), cleaning of animal sheds (50.70%), feeding of colostrum within one hour after birth (81.30%) and cleaning of calf after birth (74.70%). It was observed that significant (P≤0.01) majority of farmwomen in Pedaravuru division had regular participation in washing of animals before milking (81.30%), milking of animals (69.30%), cleaning of milking utensils (66.70%), taking care of sick animals (85.30%), vaccination and medication (76.00%) and taking animals for treatment (62.70%). Overall, only 18.20% and 10.70% of farm women were regularly participating in deworming of adult animals and purchase of veterinary medicine, respectively. It was observed that majority (58.70%) of farm women in Pedaravuru division were regularly participating in household sale of milk and milk products. Overall 32.00%, 27.10% and 13.80% of farm women were regularly participating in money collection, preparation of milk products and sale of milk through cooperatives, respectively. Significantly (P≤0.01) milk production (15.72±1.08), sale of milk (14.44± 1.04) was observed to be high in Pedaravuru division (litres/day). Significantly (P≤0.01) milk consumption (litres/ day) was observed to be high in Narasaraopeta (1.29± 0.07) and Pedaravuru (1.27± 0.10) divisions than Guntur (0.89±0.05) division. The sale price of milk was observed to be significantly (P≤0.01) high in Guntur (66.30±0.92) compared to Narasaraopeta (63.41±0.84) and Pedaravuru (61.03±0.83) divisions. Overall milk consumption (litres/day) by women is 0.34±0.01 in the study area. Only 21.30%, 18.70%, 6.20%, 11.60% and 7.10% farm women in the study area were regularly participating regarding taking loans/credits from banks/cooperatives, insurance of animals, purchase of concentrates, sale and purchase of animals, respectively. Time spent by women was more than men in dairy farm activities. Majority of farm women were participating in decision making regarding taking loans (82.67%), health care of animals (80.00%), management of newborn calves (80.00%), insurance of animals (73.33%), culling of uneconomic animals (73.33%), construction of animal sheds (58.67%), and breeding practices (56.00%) in Narasaraopeta division. Overall, significant (P≤0.01) majority of farm women were participating in decision making regarding purchase of roughages and feeding of animals (44.89%). Only 13.30%, 12.40%, 11.60% and 6.70% were participating in decision making regarding management of pregnant animals, management of sick animals, utility of dung and adoption of scientific management practices, respectively. Overall, 35.60% and 12.90% were regularly participating in decision making regarding preparation of milk products and sale of milk, respectively. The farm women in the study area had good knowledge regarding importance of Artificial Insemination (96.40%), followed by identifying the animals in estrus (95.10%), importance of treatment of anoesturs and repeat breeding animals (92.90%), culling of unproductive animals (87.10%) and pregnancy diagnosis at 3 months after insemination (86.70%). Poor knowledge was observed regarding dry period (20.90%), feeding concentrates according to the level of production (16.00%), strip cup test to detect mastitis (13.78%), urea treatment of paddy straw (4.90%) and practicing of dry cow therapy (4.89%) in the study area. Overall majority (68.44%) of farm women in the study area perceived lack of preservation facility for milk was the major technical constraint. Low market price for milk was the major economic constraint perceived by farm women (60.90%) in the study area. It was observed that 75.56% of veterinarians perceived high investment for establishing an entreprise as major constraint in the study area. It was observed that 26.70% of farm women in the study area suggested for provision of veterinary hospital and veterinarian.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF MAIZE, SORGHUM AND SUPER NAPIER SILAGE BASED TOTAL MIXED RATIONS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF NELLORE LAMBS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2022-03) LAKSHMI PRASANNA, PAIDI; VENKATA SESHAIAH, CH (MAJOR); KALYANA CHAKRAVARTHI, M; SRINIVAS KUMAR, D
    The present research was carried to study the physicochemical properties of Maize, Super Napier and Sorghum silages and comparative efficacy of Maize, Super Napier and Sorghum silage based total mixed rations (TMR) on growth performance, body condition score, cost per kg weight gain and hematological profiles in Nellore lambs. Significant difference was not observed in colour, smell, consistency, sensory score among Maize, Super Napier and Sorghum silages. The pH values observed for Maize, Super Napier, Sorghum silages were 3.86, 4.00 and 3.93, respectively and the difference was not significant. The mean dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, total ash % was not significantly different among the silages. The ether extract % was significantly (P<0.01) high in Sorghum silage, crude fibre, NDF, ADF and calcium % was significantly (P<0.01) high in Super Napier silage, while phosphorus content was significantly (P<0.01) high and acid insoluble ash content was significantly (P<0.01) low in maize silage. Eighteen Nellore lambs of about 3 months age with uniform body weights were randomly divided in to 3 groups of 6 animals in a completely randomized design. Maize, Super Napier and Sorghum silage based TMR were prepared by mixing the silage and concentrate about 90:10 ratio and assigned to T1 (Maize silage based TMR), T2 (Super Napier silage based TMR), T3 (Sorghum silage based TMR) group lambs as per their nutrient requirements. The mean fortnightly DMI was significantly (P<0.01) high (6.33±0.12) in T1 group than T2 (5.35 ±0.09) and T3 (5.61 ±0.10) groups, while the difference was not significant between T2 and T3 groups. The mean weight gain (kg) during the experiment was 8.21±1.09, 7.04±1.34 and 7.19±1.49, for T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively. There was no significant difference observed in mean fortnightly body weights as well as overall weight gain in lambs fed with Maize, Super Napier and Sorghum silage based TMR. The average daily weight gains (g) of T1, T2 and T3 group lambs were 91.22±12.18, 78.22±14.91 and 79.89±20.26, respectively and the difference among the groups was not significant. The mean feed conversion ratio of T1, T2 and T3 group lambs were 4.63±1.19, 4.60 ±1.43 and 4.72 ± 1.24, respectively and the difference among the groups was not significant. Significant difference was not observed in body condition score among T1, T2 and T3 group lambs. The mean RBC count (106/ μL), haemoglobin (g/dL), and MCV (fl) values were not differ significantly among different experimental groups of lambs. The PCV (%) was significantly (P<0.05) high in T1 group than T2 and T3 groups, while the difference was not significant between T2 and T3 groups. The cost per kg production of Maize, Super Napier and Sorghum silages was ₹ 3.22, 2.81 and 3.04, respectively. The cost (₹) per kg weight gain in T1, T2 and T3 groups was 157.76, 146.21 and 151.25, respectively. The present study concluded that feeding of Super Napier silage based TMR is economical compared to the Sorghum and Maize silage based TMR under intensive system of lamb production.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    UTILITY OF BODY CONDITION SCORE (BCS) SYSTEM FOR ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL TRAITS AND PERFORMANCE OF VIZIANAGARAM SHEEP
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2022-03) KALYANI, RAVADA; SREEDHAR, S (MAJOR); KALYANA CHAKRAVARTHI, M; VINOO, R
    Body condition score is a subjective way to evaluate the status of a sheep flock and it acts as a potential indicator for sheep owners to increase production efficiency in their flocks. It is also a subjective scoring method that can be used to evaluate the energy reserves of ewes which can provide better understanding of biological relationship between body fat, milk production and health status. In the present study the scale developed by Maurya et al. (2008) was used for scoring the body condition of ewes. A total of 120 ewes, each 60 from organised farm and farmer’s field were selected to study the physical parameters. The ewes at organised farm and farmer’s field were divided into respective 3 groups of 2-3, 3-4 and above 4 years, each consisting of 20 ewes. To study the postpartum changes 60 pregnant ewes each from organised farm and farmer´s field were selected and divided into 3 groups each consisting of 20 ewes, based on their BCS on the day of lambing (BCSL). The BCSL groups were assigned as 2.50-2.99, 3.00-3.49 and 3.50-4.00. Higher BCS was observed in the ewes maintained at organised farm as compared to that of ewes maintained at farmer’s field in all the age groups. The mean body weight was higher in the ewes maintained at organised farm where as it was lower in the ewes at farmer’s field in all the age groups. It was observed that the ewes maintained at organised farm recorded higher pin shoulder length than that of ewes at farmer’s field in all the age groups. Higher height at withers was observed in the ewes maintained at organised farm as compared to that of ewes maintained at farmer’s field in all the age groups. The mean heart girth was higher in the ewes maintained at organised farm where as it was lower in the ewes at farmer’s field in all the age groups. It was observed that the ewes maintained at organised farm recorded higher abdominal girth than that of ewes at farmer’s field in all the age groups. The ewes maintained at organised farm recorded more thigh circumference with high variance as compared to that of ewes maintained at farmer’s field in 2-3, and above 4 years age groups. With regard to 3-4 years age group higher thigh circumference was observed in the ewes maintained at farmer’s field as compared to that of ewes maintained at organised farm. Majority of the ewes in the flock of organised farm had the BCS of 3.00 (12 no.), 3.25 (8 no.) and 3.50 (10 no.) which is considered as the moderate BCS. The ewes which had higher BCS of 3.75 (8 no.) and 4.00 (2 no.) and lower BCS range of 2.75- 2.00 (20 no.) were comparable with the ewes of moderate BCS. The number of the ewes in the flock had shown positive relation with the increase in BCS at organised farm. Majority of the ewes had BCS of 2.00 (13 no.), 2.25 (10 no.), 2.50 (8 no.) and 2.75 (7 no.). Very few ewes were having BCS of 4.00 (2 no.), 3.75 (3 no.) and some of the ewes had 3.00 (6 no.), 3.25 (6 no.) and 3.50 (5 no.) which is considered as moderate BCS. The number of the ewes in the flock had shown negative relation with the increase in BCS at farmer’s field. The ewes with higher BCS had more body weight as compared to those having lower BCS. It was indicated that the BCS increased with the progress of body weight of ewes establishing a positive relationship between BCS and body weight. For every unit increase in BCS the live body weight was gained by 2.92-6.81 kg and 2.58-7.75 kg for the ewes maintained at organized farm and farmer's field respectively. Highly significant (P˂0.01) difference was observed between the two BCS groups for body weight, pin-shoulder length, height at withers, heart girth, abdominal girth and thigh circumference of the ewes maintained at organised farm and farmer’s field. The ewes which were having higher BCS recorded more values of pin-shoulder length, height at withers, heart girth, abdominal girth and thigh circumference which indicated a strong positive relation between BCS and physical parameters. No significant difference was observed in the ewes from 2 weeks before lambing to the time of lambing in all three BCSL groups at organised farm and farmer's field. The mean BCS of ewes of different BCSL groups are highly significantly (P˂0.01) different in all the three BCSL groups of ewes maintained at organised farm and farmer’s field. The loss in mean BCS of ewes at organised farm were 0.22, 0.24 and 0.23 and at farmer’s field were 0.19, 0.16 and 0.20 in BCSL groups of 2.50-2.99, 3.00- 3.49 and 3.50-4.00 respectively from lambing to first week of post-partum. The loss in BCS during first 10 weeks of 2.50-2.99 group, first 12 weeks of 3.00-3.49 and 3.50-4.00 groups of ewes at organised farm and the loss in BCS during first 9 weeks of 2.50-2.99 group, first 14 weeks of 3.00-3.49 and 3.50-4.00 groups of ewes at farmer's field after lambing is mainly because of mobilization of body fat reserves for milk production and nourishment of the lambs during lactation. The regain in the BCS after 11-12 weeks of ewes at organised farm and after 14 weeks of ewes at farmer's field was mainly due to replenishing of body fat reserves by the ewes after weaning of lambs. The LBCS and MBCS of ewes were significantly (P˂0.01) different in the BCSL groups of 2.50- 2.99, 3.00-3.49 and 3.50-4.00 at organised farm, whereas the GBCS had no significant difference. The LBCS, GBCS and MBCS of ewes were highly significantly different in all the three BCSL groups at farmer’s field. The mean body weight (kg) of ewes, the birth weight and weaning weight of lambs were highly significantly (P˂0.01) different between the BCSL groups of 2.50- 2.99, 3.00-3.49 and 3.50-4.00 at organised farm. The mean body weight (kg) of ewes and the birth weight of lambs were highly significantly (P˂0.01) different between the BCSL groups of 2.50-2.99, 3.00-3.49 and 3.50-4.00 while weaning weight of lambs had not significantly different among the BCSL groups at farmer’s field. The ewes with higher BCSL produced the lambs of more weight whereas the ewes with lower BCSL produced the lambs of less weight. Thus a linear relation was observed between the BCSL and the birth weight of the lambs. The ewes with the higher BCS produced the lambs of more weaning weight than that of ewes with lower BCS. Therefore it is recommended to maintain the BCS of ewes at mating in a range of 3.00-3.50 to optimize profitability in commercial flocks by managing the nutrition during mating season.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF MEAL INCORPORATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN NELLORE LAMBS
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2021-04) DIVYA, SIVALA; KALYANA CHAKRAVARTHI, M (MAJOR); VENKATA SESHAIAH, Ch; RAJAKISHORE, K
    The present study was conducted on 18 post weaned Nellore lambs of 3 months old having similar body weights, divided into three groups with 6 lambs in each group for a period of 90 days to study the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) as a protein supplement on growth performance, haemato-biochemical parameters, faecal egg count and to evaluate the cost economics. MOLM was incorporated in the growing lamb’s rations as protein supplement at 0, 15 and 30 per cent levels in T0, T1 and T2 diets, respectively. MOLM contained 91.21 per cent dry matter, 88.0 per cent organic matter, 20.94 per cent crude protein, 16.85 per cent crude fibre, 5.70 per cent ether extract, 42.50 per cent nitrogen free extract and 12.0 per cent total ash on dry matter basis. The study revealed that the dry matter intake values from fourth week to thirteenth week were significantly (P < 0.05) higher for T2 group animals and lower for T0 group with significant (P < 0.05) difference among all the three groups. However, the mean daily dry matter consumption of lambs fed with rations T0, T1 and T2 were 408.4524.41, 422.7124.51and 430.3725.96 g, respectively with no significant (P < 0.05) difference among the three groups. The body weights were 16.710.22, 17.580.17 and 17.840.20 kg at the end of the experiment in groups T0, T1 and T2, respectively with significant (P < 0.05) difference between control group and MOLM supplemented groups (15% and 30% levels). The average weight gains were 5.020.07, 5.860.08 and 6.130.03 kg in lambs fed with T0, T1 and T2 rations, respectively and the difference among the three groups was significant (P<0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) was 55.850.73, 65.111.40 and 68.091.93 g in lambs fed with T0, T1 and T2 rations, respectively and significant (P<0.05) difference was noticed among the control and MOLM supplemented groups. It was also revealed that the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T0 group than T1 and T2 groups during all the fortnights. The overall mean (FCR) was also high in T0 group (7.270.56) when compared to the other two groups of lambs fed with T1 (6.440.43) and T2 (6.240.39) rations with no significant (P < 0.05) difference among them. There was no significant difference in all haematological parameters except haematocrit value (which was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in control group than MOLM supplemented groups) and the remaining haematological parameters viz., WBC count, RBC count, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were within the normal physiological range. Similarly all the observed serum biochemical parameters i.e., total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and blood urea nitrogen were within the normal physiological range. The EPG count was significantly (P<0.05) lower in MOLM supplemented groups T1 and T2 (22.228.24 and 25.007.13) than control group (108.338.33) lambs, at the end of the trial period. The total cost and cost of production per kg body weight gain was lower in T1 (Rs.111.15) and T2 (Rs.105.43) group lambs which received concentrate mixture containing MOLM than control (Rs.131.38) group lambs. Thus, it can be concluded that use of MOLM at 30 per cent level as a protein supplement in the growing lamb’s diets found to improve growth performance and beneficial in the way of its anthelminthic effect. Hence the conventional protein supplement in the concentrate mixture of sheep could be replaced with 30% MOLM without any deleterious effects.