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Open Access
EFFECT OF GnRH ON CONCEPTION RATE IN REPEAT BREEDER GRADED MURRAH BUFFALOES
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2012-06) VENKAT RAO, B; CHANDRA SHEKAR REDDY, K(MAJOR); SADASIVA RAO, K; PURUSHOTHAM, G
ABSTRACT: The present investigation “Effect of GnRH on conception rate in repeat breeder graded Murrah buffaloes” was taken up on 86 repeat breeder buffaloes to study the incidence of repeat breeding and various aspects of estrous cycle. The efficacy of GnRH protocols (10μg or 2.5 ml, 20μg or 5.0 ml given 8 hours before AI and on day 12 post AI either once or twice in different treatment groups) for enhancement of fertility was studied in 70 repeat breeding graded Murrah buffaloes. The estrous cycle length in six treatment groups was 21.6±0.69, 20.1±0.43, 20.3±0.58, 21.5±0.34, 21.3±0.54, and 20.2±0.47. The estrus duration in six treatment groups were 23.8±0.36, 24.5±0.31, 23.4±0.48, 24.2±0.47, 23.6±0.40, and 24.3±0.30 and the estrus intensity were 13.2±0.36, 14.1±0.28, 13.7±0.21, 14.1±0.31, 13.1±0.31, 13.2±0.25 days in group 1, group 2, group 3,group 4, group 5, group 6, respectively. In control groups the length of estrous cycle, duration of estrus and intensity of estrus were 21.5±0.60 days, 22.2±0.36 hours and 12.9±0.18 points, respectively. Normal estrus pattern was observed in 87.20 per cent of repeat breeder buffaloes. The repeat breeder buffaloes were randomly divided into seven groups (each group consisting of 10 buffaloes). The repeat breeding buffaloes in group 1 and 2 were treated with 10 μg or 2.5 ml and 20 μg or 5 ml of GnRH (Buserlin) 8 hours before AI, respectively. In group 3 and 4 were treated with 10 μg or 2.5 ml and 20 μg or 5 ml of GnRH on day 12 post AI respectively. Group 5 were treated with 10 μg or 2.5 ml of GnRH (Buserlin) 8 hours before AI and on day 12 of post AI. Group 6 were treated with 20 μg or 5 ml of GnRH (Buserlin) 8 hours before AI and on day 12 of post AI. Group 7 were consisted of untreated control buffaloes. The conception rates of repeat breeding graded Murrah buffaloes in group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and control group were found to be 50.00, 60.00, 40.00, 40.00, 50.00, 60.00 and 30.00 per cent, respectively. It was concluded that all treatments significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the conception in repeat breeder buffaloes when compared to control buffaloes. The GnRH could be effectively used for higher conception rates in repeat breeding buffaloes.
Open Access
EFFECT OF MINERAL SUPPLEMENTATION IN POST PARTUM ANOESTRUS GRADED MURRAH BUFFALOES
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2012-07) GOPALA KRISHNA, M.V.; RAM CHANDRA REDDY, K(MAJOR); SADASIVA RAO, K; GIREESH KUMAR, V; KISHAN KUMAR, M
ABSTRACT: The present investigation ―Effect of mineral supplementation in post partum anoestrus graded Murrah buffaloes‖ was undertaken in post partum pluriparous true anoestrus buffaloes (above 2 months) after calving, having a body condition score ranging from 3.0 to 4.0 screened clinically for reproductive disorders. 60 animals free from reproductive problems and having completely involuted uterus were selected for the study. Animals were divided into 4 groups comprising 15 in each group and subjected to different mineral supplementation (Group-I: Cyclomin-7 at the dose rate of 2boli/week/animal and Dicalcium phosphate at the dose rate of 30 gm/day/animal, Group-II: Non-chelated minerals at the dose rate of 50 gm/day/animal, Group-III: Chelated minerals at the dose rate of 50 gm/day/animal, Group-IV: Control group, without any mineral supplementation) protocols for 30 days and were fed with dry fodder, green fodder and concentrates as per the production requirements in intensive feeding system. During the course of treatment estrus symptoms were monitored with the help of teaser bulls twice or thrice per day and by visual observation 5 to 6 times per day. Animals which were not showing estrus symptoms were examined once in a week per rectally to know the ovarian activity. Animals which showed estrus symptoms have been inseminated twice during late estrus period. After breeding, animals were examined for subsequent estrus cycle and inseminated if required during subsequent cycles. Pregnancy Diagnosis was done per rectally after 50 days of breeding to know the conception status. Blood samples have been collected on zero, 15th, 30th days of treatment for estimation of serum minerals and haematological parameters. Estrus intensity and duration of estrus has been recorded based on the physiological symptoms. The mean haemoglobin levels on zero, 15th and 30th day in group I were 11.05 ± 0.26, 11.31 ± 0.27 and 11.55 ± 0.27, in group II were 11.01 ± 0.22, 11.32 ± 0.23 and 11.63 ± 0.22, in group III were 11.03 ± 0.18, 11.46 ± 0.26, and 11.89 ± 0.27 and in group IV were 11.01 ± 0.16, 11.03 ± 0.17 and 11.06 ± 0.17 g% respectively. Haemoglobin levels on 15th and 30th day of treatment group III was significantly (p < 0.05) higher. In between groups there was no significant difference in haemoglobin levels on zero, 15th day. But on 30th day three treatment groups were having statistically similar concentrations which were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the control group. The mean Serum calcium levels on zero, 15th and 30th day were 7.20 ± 0.23, 7.69 ± 0.23 and 8.08 ± 0.22 in group I, 7.15 ± 0.21, 7.85 ± 0.12 and 8.63 ± 0.16 in group II, 7.24 ± 0.23, 7.97 ± 0.12 and 8.79 ± 0.07 in group III and 7.31 ± 0.10, 7.34 ± 0.06 and 7.35 ± 0.07 mg/dl in group IV respectively. On 30th day of treatment the serum calcium levels were higher in group III followed by group II, group I and lowest in group IV. The mean Serum phosphorus levels on zero, 15th and 30th day in group I were 5.46 ± 0.29, 5.79 ± 0.32 and 6.24 ± 0.18 mg/dl, in group II were 5.78 ± 0.18, 5.87 ± 0.28 and 6.30 ± 0.25 mg/dl, in group III were 5.56 ± 0.07, 5.96 ± 0.17 and 6.94 ± 0.05 mg/dl and in group IV were 5.56 ± 0.07, 5.83 ± 0.11 and 5.80 ± 0.10 mg/dl respectively. On 30th day of treatment the serum phosphorus level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in group III followed by group II, I and IV. The mean Serum iron levels on zero, 15th and 30th day in group I were 2.716 ± 0.112, 3.122 ± 0.084 and 3.180 ± 0.110, in group II were 2.656 ± 0.058, 3.147 ± 0.068 and 3.246 ± 0.140, in group III were 2.689 ± 0.047, 3.174 ± 0.194, and 3.680 ± 0.081 and in group IV were 2.679 ± 0.039, 2.690 ± 0.061 and 2.702 ± 0.060 ppm respectively. Serum iron levels in group I, II were significantly (p < 0.05) lower on zero day when compare to 15th and 30th day. In between four groups, on 30th day group III was having significantly (p < 0.05) higher Iron levels. The mean Serum copper levels on zero, 15th and 30th day were 0.047 ± 0.003, 0.097 ± 0.003 and 0.142 ± 0.006 ppm in group I, in group II were 0.049 ± 0.005, 0.127 ± 0.005and 0.163 ± 0.005, in group III were 0.052 ± 0.002, 0.149 ± 0.003 and 0.184 ± 0.005 and in group IV were 0.049 ± 0.002, 0.052 ± 0.002 and 0.054 ± 0.003 ppm respectively. The serum copper levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher on 30th day followed by 15th day and lowest on zero day in all three treatment groups. In between four groups there was significant difference (p < 0.05) on 15th and 30th day and group III was having significantly (p < 0.05) higher serum copper levels. The mean serum manganese levels on zero, 15th and 30th day in group I were 0.056 ± 0.003, 0.076 ± 0.003 and 0.151 ± 0.007 ppm, in group II were 0.058 ± 0.002, 0.112 ± 0.002 and 0.165 ± 0.006 ppm, in group III were 0.054 ± 0.002, 0.148 ± 0.002 and 0.182 ± 0.002 ppm and in group IV were 0.056 ± 0.002, 0.056 ± 0.003 and 0.055 ± 0.003 ppm respectively. The serum manganese levels were significantly (p < 0.05) different in all three treatment groups on zero, 15th, 30th day. In between four groups there was significant (p < 0.05) difference on 15th and 30th day and group III was having higher serum manganese levels. The mean serum zinc levels on zero, 15th and 30th day in group I were 1.062 ± 0.023, 1.162 ± 0.033 and 2.639 ± 0.061, in group II were 1.089 ± 0.008, 1.248 ± 0.018 and 3.038 ± 0.017, in group III were 1.075 ± 0.010, 1.427 ± 0.039 and 3.767 ± 0.042 and in group IV were 1.032 ± 0.012, 1.050 ± 0.010 and 1.054 ± 0.010 ppm respectively. On 15th and 30th day group III was having significantly (p < 0.05) higher serum zinc level followed by II, I and IV. The percentage of estrus response was 46.66 per cent, 66.66 per cent, 86.66 per cent and 33 per cent; mean duration of estrus was 22.13 ± 0.83, 26.46 ± 0.98, 32.93 ± 0.81 and 15.80 ± 0.65 hours; the intensity of estrus was 10.57 ± 0.69, 12.30 ± 0.76, 13.15 ± 0.72 and 11.4 ± 1.36 points; the interval between treatments to the estrus exhibition 46.67 ± 0.95, 35.20 ± 1.06, 25.0.98 and 70.13 ± 1.79 days and conception rates were 20 per cent, 40 per cent, 73.33 per cent and 13.33 per cent in group I, II, III and IV respectively. Regarding estrus response, duration of estrus and estrus intensity there was significant (p < 0.05) difference in between all four groups and group III was having significantly (p < 0.05) higher and followed by group II, I and lowest in IV. The interval between treatments to the estrus exhibition there was significant (p < 0.05) difference in between all four groups, group III was having significantly (p < 0.05) lesser interval next higher in group II, I and highest in group IV. The conception rates were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in group III and followed by group II and I lowest in IV. Based on the results of this study come to the concluded that due to the supplementation of chelated mineral mixture, the mean serum mineral levels and bioavailability increased more than non chelated mineral mixture and Di Calcium phosphate plus Cyclomin – 7. Consequently it enhanced the estrus response, duration of estrus and estrus intensity and decreased the interval between the treatment to the estrus exhibition and increased the conception rate in post partum anoestrus graded Murrah buffaloes.
Open Access
STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF CABERGOLINE AND PGF2 α IN THE TREATMENT OF CANINE PYOMETRA
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2011-10) BASANTI JENA; SADASIVARAO, K(MAJOR); CHANDRA SEKHAR REDDY, K; RAGHAVENDER, K.B.P
Open Access
INCIDENCE OF UTERINE NEOPLASMS IN ABATTOIR GENITALIA OF BUFFALOES (Bubaius bublis)
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2011-09) ANUSHA, K; MOULI KRISHNA, K(MAJOR); VEERABRAHMAIAH, K; SRILATHA, Ch
ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to s&ndardize the diagnostic procedure and asaxhh the incidence of u-e neoplasms in slaughter bopse genitalia. To fulm the objective, cytology* histopathology and imm- ' ' j wae studied. In the present study grossly no tumour mass was obsd in majority of ganitalia (98.63%). Of course, in oae case grossly neoplastic masses of small to big size were noticed (1.37%). Wbaogo in otha samples the cbmga obsemd wae small whitish foci over ~ldomctrium (821Ya), thickmad utabe wall (6.84%), congested atdometrim and mpmetrium (5.47%). petahbe ova claunJes (2.73%), cystic ddum(1 .37%). pmmmian oysts (2.73%) and purulent discharge (137.h). Cytological studies mealed almmnd cdlular pattan in 73.97% samples ~~@daofu n~~o plssiaW haaas, 26.03% gaait.lia pnsootcd normal apithelial cell pttan. Basad w ~tho10gical aadicp 52.05% @tab wen donned for xqhh, while 21.92% far dysplasia Cbrwic odomatritis was fi,md in 26.03% gsnitaIia. 'Ibe n40plmma obsmd ware (421 I%), lymphsarcoma with (23.68%). hammngiosamoma (7.90%) cand hacammggoma with (7.90%). Mocytic ad- and schhus ad-oma ltcmuntod b 25 d 12.5% mspsctivdy of all adamamrhoma samples. Whw, lymphosarooma with schhous dsnoouoiwma mted to 1 1.1 1 % of lymphosarcoma with adcolooatdwuna (23.68%). Other woph foumd ware leiomp-ma, myxosarcoma, carcinoaanwnna, ~opaadomietrial~ * sarccnm hneosmmna with and leiomyoma with adeaocarcinoma each in one out of 38 neoplasms (2.63%). The mean AgNOR wunts for the neoplasia, drsplasia and chronic endomehitis were 6.76, 5.05 and 3.08, respectively which differed significantly. Positive labeling for VEGF was observed in neoplasia. Finally it was concluded that in chronic infatile animals cytological and histopathological investigations could be considered in orda to arrive at uterine status, because very often red examin8tion might be arbitrary, erroneous and insensitive to detect all forms of uterine abnWties.
Open Access
MODULATION OF CONCEPTION RATE AND PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATION IN REPEAT BREEDING GRADED MURRAH BUFFALOES BY USING GnRH ANALOGUE AND Hcg
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2010-11) KISHORE KUMAR, S; SADASIVA RAO, K(MAJOR); CHANDRA SHEKAR REDDY, K; RAGHAVENDER, K.B.P.
ABSTRACT: The present investigation “Modulation of conception rate and progesterone concentration in repeat breeder graded Murrah buffaloes by using GnRH analogue and hCG” was taken up on 110 repeat breeder lactating buffaloes to study the incidence of repeat breeding and various aspects of estrous cycle. The efficacy of GnRH (10μg or 2.5 ml, 20μg or 5.0 ml) and hCG 1500 IU all twice (12 hours before AI and on day 12 post AI) protocols for enhancement of fertility was studied in 80 repeat breeding graded Murrah buffaloes. The estrous cycle length in three treatment groups were 21.19 + 0.16, 20.34 + 0.14, 21.58 + 0.20 days and the estrus duration was found to be 23.52 + 0.15, 23.81 + 0.11, and 23.09 + 0.20 hours respectively. The intensity of estrus was found to be 13.10 + 0.19, 13.12 + 0.21 and 13.15 + 0.20 points in group 1, 2, 3 respectively. In control group the length of estrous cycle, duration of estrus and intensity of estrus were 21.56 + 0.13 days, 24.38 + 0.11 hours and 12.85 + 0.17 points respectively. Normal estrus pattern was observed in 80.91 per cent of repeat breeder buffaloes. The repeat breeder buffaloes were randomly divided into four groups (each group consisting of 20 buffaloes). The repeat breeding buffaloes in four groups were subjected to various therapeutic protocols viz. GnRH 10μg or 2.5 ml (group 1), GnRH 20μg or 5.0 ml (group 2) and hCG 1500 I.U. (group 3) each twice i.e. 12 hours before artificial insemination and on day 12 post AI. Group 4 served as control group. The progesterone concentrations were estimated in serum of the repeat breeding treatment buffaloes on 0, 7, and 14th day of estrous cycle. The progesterone profiles in non-conceiving repeat breeding buffaloes were 0.194 + 0.006, 1.380 + 0.010, 2.738 + 0.043 ng/ml on day 0,7 and 14 in group 1 animals and 0.197 + 0.007, 1.431 + 0.016, 2.786 + 0.095 ng/ml in group 2 buffaloes respectively. In the conceiving repeat breeding buffaloes following GnRH treatment the progesterone levels observed on 0,7 and 14 days in group 1 were 0.212 + 0.007, 1.630 + 0.020, 3.149 + 0.027 ng/ml and in group 2 were 0.204 + 0.004, 1.646 + 0.015, 3.168 + 0.026 ng/ml respectively. The progesterone profiles in hCG (1500IU) treated group on 0, 7 and 14 days were 0.200 + 0.010, 1.517 + 0.015 and 2.830 + 0.044 ng/ml in non-conceiving repeat breeding buffaloes. Whereas in conceiving animals the progesterone profiles were 0.226 + 0.009, 1.676 + 0.019, 3.247 + 0.042 ng/ml. The progesterone profiles in control group of non-conceiving repeat breeding buffaloes on 0, 7 and 14 days were 0.171 + 0.004, 1.275 + 0.005, 2.713 + 0.015ng/ml respectively. Whereas in conceiving animals of control group the levels were 0.193 + 0.009, 1.613 + 0.012, 3.130 + 0.035 ng/ml respectively. The conception rates of repeat breeding graded Murrah buffaloes in group 1, 2 3 and control group were recorded to be 60.00, 65.00, 70.00 and 15.00 per cent, respectively. It was concluded that all treatments significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the conception in repeat breeder buffaloes when compared to control buffaloes. However the hCG treatment group revealed 70.00 per cent of conception rate when compared to that of GnRH treatment groups. The human chorionic gonadotrophin could be effectively used for higher conception rates.
Open Access
EFFECT OF OVSYNCH,CIDR AND EAR IMPLANT ON INDUCTION OF ESTRUS AND FERTILITY IN POST PARTUM ANESTRUS BUFFALOES
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2010-06) KIRANKUMAR, SHANKESI; SADASIVA RAO, K(MAJOR); RAMCHANDRA REDDY, K; Chandra shekar, E.L
ABSTRACT: The present investigation” Effect of Ovsynch,CIDR and Ear Implant on Induction of Estrus and Fertility in Post Partum Anestrus Buffaloes “ was taken up in dairy experimental station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad and dairy farms in and around Rangareddy distict to study the efficacy of Ovsynch, CIDR, and Crestar therapeutic protocols in inducing estrus and enhancing conception rate. The major incidence of reproductive disorders was observed to be due to functional (64.75%) and the remaining being infectious causes (32.47%) and anatomical causes (2.76%) in the buffaloes. Among 8598 buffaloes analyzed for their reproductive disorders, 159 (1.84%), 79 (0.92%), 1438 (16.72%), 763 (8.87%), 1605 (18.67%), 398 (4.62%), 286 (3.32%),146 (1.69%), 194 (2.25%), 172 (2.00%), 566 (6.58%),482 (5.60%),637 (7.40%), 1482 (17.23%), 38 (0.44%), 153 (1.78%), 0 (0%) and 0 (0%) were observed to be hypoplasia of ovaries, genital infantilism, smooth ovaries, postservice anestrus, postpartum anestrus, silent ovulation, anovulatory heat, luteal persistency, luteal cysts, follicular cysts, repeat breeder, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, metritis, pyometra, salphingitis and bursal adhesions, respectively. The incidence of postpartum anestrum among buffaloes was observed to be 18.67 per cent. The experimental buffaloes were randomly divided in to 4 groups each consisting of 20 each. The mean values of serum progesterone levels recorded in postpartum anestrus buffaloes before treatment in Ovsynch group, CIDR group, Crestar group and Control group were found to be 0.69±0.06, 0.67±0.13, 0.74±0.07 and 0.81±0.17 ng/ml respectively.The mean values of serum progesterone levels (ng/ml) on the day of termination of treatment in Ovsynch group, CIDR group, Crestar group and Control group were 4.54±0.10, 18.99±0.174, 2.16±0.026 and 16.76±0.22 nanograms respectively. The mean values of serum progesterone levels (ng/ml) after the treatment with Ovsynch on Day 3, Day 5 and Day 7 were found to be 3.56±0.012, 1.97±0.01 and 0.177±0.004 respectively. The mean values of serum progesterone levels(ng/ml) after the treatment with CIDR on Day 3, Day 5 and Day 7 were found to be 1.30±0.021, 0.15±0.003 and 1.21±0.02 respectively. The mean values of serum progesterone levels (ng/ml) after the treatment with Crestar on Day 3, Day 5 and Day 7 were found to be 0.155±0.003, 1.49±0.03 and 2.31±0.036 respectively. Among 80 postpartum anoestrus buffaloes treated with various protocols, the estrus response was found to be 80, 60, 85 and 35 percent, respectively in Ovsynch, CIDR, Crestar and control groups. The days taken for the onset of estrus in Crestar (2.41±0.37days) was found to be lower than Ovsynch (7.25±0.58 days), CIDR (5.41±0.37 days) and control (31.16±3.07 days) groups. The intensity of estrus was observed to be better in Ovsynch and Crestar groups than in CIDR and control groups. The intense estrus symptoms were observed to be 50, 41.1, 16.6 and 16.6 per cent in Ovsynch, CIDR, Crstar and control groups, respectively. The duration of estrus was found to be significantly longer in Crestar (41.88±6.26 hrs) treated buffaloes. Similarly the interval between treatment and onset of estrus was observed to be significantly earlier in Crestar (2.41±0.37 days) group than in Ovsynch (7.25±0.58), CIDR (5.41±0.37 days) and control 31.16±3.07days), groups, respectively. The first service conception rate even though high in CIDR (66.66 per cent) group, the combination of first service conception rate and overall conception rate is better in Ovsynch (54.55 and 68.75 per cent, respectively) group and Crestar (60 and 58.82 percent, respectively) than CIDR ( 66.66 and 50, respectively) and control (0 and 33.33 per cent, respectively) groups. The mean number of services per conception in anoestrus postpartum buffaloes treated with Ovsynch, CIDR, Crestar and control groups were recorded as 1.45±0.16, 1.33±0.21, 1.4±0.16 and 2.5±0.5, respectively and found to be somewhat lower service per conception in CIDR treated buffaloes than in any other groups.
Open Access
EFFICACY OF UTERINE LAVAGE IN THE TREATMENT OF REPEAT BREEDING CROSSBRED COWS
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2010-01) CHANDRA SEKHARA REDDY, N; Subramanyam Naidu, K(MAJOR); Veerabramhaiah, K; Suresh kumar, R.V
ABSTRACT: The present investigation was carried out to study the hematological, biochemical and fertility parameters before and after different treatment protocol (antibiotic, uterine lavage, uterine lavage with antibiotic) in 24 repeat breeder crossbred cows. The overall incidence of repeat breeding syndrome was 24.73 % among the reproductive disorders recorded in Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh. The overall mean Haemoglobin, PCV, TLC (Thousands/ μl), TEC (millions/μl), lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophil and monocyte values in antibiotic, uterine lavage, uterine lavage with antibiotic and control groups at estrus after treatment were 11.03 ± 0.43, 10.67 ± 0.42, 11.80 ± 0.28 and 9.72 ± 0.30 g%; 33.17 ± 1.85, 32.33 ± 1.87, 33.67± 1.83 and 32.83 ± 1.66 %;7.73 ± 0.09, 8.03 ± 0.37, 8.23 ± 0.27 and 8.48 ± 0.27; 7.13 ± 0.14, 6.93 ± 0.33, 7.02 ± 0.37 and 6.22 ± 0.21; 61.50 ± 2.25 and 27.67 ± 1.42, 61.33 ± 2.30 and 30.50 ± 2.70, 62.83 ± 1.71; 26.50 ± 2.29, 55.67 ± 0.91 and 31.17 ± 1.58; 10.67 ± 1.52 and 5.17 ± 0.36, 6.33 ± 0.49 and 3.50 ± 0.82, 8.17 ± 0.69 and 4.83 ± 0.32, 5.83 ± 0.80 and 3.50 ± 0.43. The difference in the Haemoglobin, TLC (Thousands/ μl), TEC (millions/μl), lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophil and monocyte values at estrus after treatment was not significant among all the groups but was significant within the groups. But the difference in the PCV concentration at estrus after the treatment among all the groups and within the group between before and after treatment at estrus was not significant in all the groups. In the present study the mean serum total protein concentrations and serum glucose in antibiotic, uterine lavage, uterine lavage with antibiotic and control groups at estrus after treatment were significantly increased to 7.62 ± 0.17, 7.35 ± 0.19, 7.57 ± 0.19 and 6.33 ± 0.21 g% and 55.17 ± 2.17 , 55.83 ± 3.72 , 59.83 ± 1.47 and 46.17 ± 2.14 mg% respectively. The difference in the total protein and serum glucose concentrations at estrus after the treatment among all the groups and within the group between before and after treatment at estrus was significant in all the groups. The bacterial colony counts were 205.00 ± 40.86, 90.00 ± 41.78, 30.00 ± 34.38 and 169.17 ± 21.21 x 105/ml after treatment with antibiotics, uterine lavage, uterine lavage with antibiotics and control group, respectively. The mean bacterial colony counts at estrus after treatment was not significant among all the groups but was significant within the groups. These bacterial cultures were sensitive to enrofloxacin 11 (91.67%) followed by gentamycin 10 (83.33%), ciprofloxacin 9 (75.00%), ampicillin 5 (41.67 %), oxytetracyclin 3 (25.00%), amoxicillin 2 (16.67%), cephalexin 2 (16.67%) and penicillin 1 (8.33%). The overall conception rate in repeat breeder crossbred cows treated with antibiotic, uterine lavage, uterine lavage with antibiotic and in control group was 66.66% (4/6), 66.66% (4/6), 83.33% (5/6) and 16.67% (1/6), respectively. The overall conception rate in uterine lavage with antibiotics group was the highest when compared to antibiotic, uterine lavage and control groups.
Open Access
Evaluation of superovulatory response in Sahiwal x Jersey crossbred cows with different doses of FSH
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2013-01) PRIDHVIDHAR REDDY, Y.V; Veerabramhaiah, K(MAJOR); Mouli Krishna, K; Ravindra Reddy, Y
Open Access
MORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF CERVIX AND ITS INFLUENCE ON INTRACERVICAL PASSAGE OF INSEMINATION PIPETTE IN NATIVE SHEEP
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2017-06) SATYA PRASAD, B; SRINIVAS, M(Major); VENKATA NAIDU, G; VAIKUNTA RAO, V
ABSTRACT: Morphometric evaluation of native sheep genitalia from slaughter house was carried out and biometry revealed a significant difference (P<0.01) was observed between the size of ovaries and uterus in ewe lambs and adult ewes where as no significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in these parameters between the adult ewes during follicular and luteal phases. The mean length (cm) and diameter (cm) of cervix of ewe lambs, adult ewes during follicular and luteal phases in present study were 2.94±0.13 and 0.81±0.05; 5.23±0.11 and 1.04±0.03 and 4.83±0.12 and 0.9±0.03 cm, respectively. The predominant type of external os in ewe lambs was papilla, while in adult ewes it was rose. The mean depth of penetration (cm) and number of cervical folds recorded in ewe lambs, adult ewes during follicular and luteal phases were 0.75±0.03, 3.10±0.21 and 0.87±0.05 and 3.30±0.12, 3.92±0.07 and 4.00±0.00, respectively. The occurence of grade 1 cervix was more in ewe lambs and adult ewes with least occurence of grade 3 while the occurence of grade 2 was intermediate with a similar trend for average depth of penetration for cervix. In the present study the measurements of the cervical moulds of ewe lambs and adult ewes revealed a significant difference (P<0.01) in the length (cm), weight (gm), number of folds, height of fold, diameter of fold (cm), internal diameter of fold (cm) and distance from os to folds (cm) between the ewe lambs and adult ewes. From the current study it was concluded that the alignment of the second or third cervical ring, in relation to the first ring was the principal determinant of depth of penetration and the major impediment to transcervical AI. Thus, it was opined that application of transcervical AI and ET could be practically possible at ages greater than 4 years, or at 3-4 years of age.

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