Thesis

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Open Access
EFFECT OF SUBABUL BASED COMPLETE RATIONS ON PERFORMANCE OF KIDS
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2016-12) UDAY KUMAR, G; DEVASENA, B(MAJOR); RAMANA, J.V; SURESH BABU, D
ABSTRACT: An attempt was made in the present study to include the untreated and treated Leucena leucocephala leaf meal (ULLLM and TLLLM) by replacing the concentrate mixture in complete rations of growing kids. The nutritive value, plane of nutrition, and economics of production were studied. The proximate composition of untreated and treated Leucena leucocephala leaf meal obtained by treating with moist heat for 45 minutes revealed dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, cruder fibre, total ash and nitrogen free extract of 89.90, 92.30, 21.08, 4.51, 15.96, 7.70 and 50.78%; 95.50, 88.89, 20.11, 2.98, 19.78, 11.10 and 46.03%, respectively. The cell wall constituents (%) neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), hemicelluloses, cellulose, lignin and silica, were 55.55, 21.22, 34.33, 13.73, 13.33 and 0.40, respectively for ULLLM 50.60, 25.87, 24.73, 17.94, 8.76 and 0.52, respectively for TLLLM. A growth trial was conducted for 90 days with 30 kids (9.00 kg±0.150) by allocating at random to five complete rations CR1 (control), CR2 (30% ULLLM), CR3 (30 % TLLLM), CR4 (40% ULLLM) and CR5 (40% TLLLM). The ADG (g/d) was higher (P<0.05) in CR1 followed by CR3, CR5, CR4 and CR2. The efficiency of feed utilization was highest (P<0.05) in CR1 and CR3, mediocre in CR5 and CR4 and lowest in CR2. The DM digestibility (%) ranged from 59.77 (CR2) to 69.13 (CR1) and OM digestibility (%) from 63.99 (CR4) to 70.01 (CR1). The CP digestibility (%) was in the range of 63.16 (CR4) to 71.76 (CR1) and that of CF digestibility (%) from 49.09 (CR4) to 59.33 (CR3). The difference among the digestibility of nutrients was nonsignificant. The NDF and ADF digestibility (%) was higher (P<0.05) in CR3 and lower (P>0.05) in CR4. The N intake (g/d) was highest (P<0.05) in CR1 and lowest (P<0.05) in CR4. While the differences among the CR2, CR3 and CR5 were non-significant. The DCP and TDN intake g/kg W 0.75 did not reveal any significant differences among the treatment groups. Carcass characteristics in terms of dressing percentage (39.53 to 44.99), empty body weight (7.39 to 12.13) did not indicate significant changes among the treatment groups. The edible, non edible (blood, skin, legs and gut with ingesta), organ weights, wholesale cuts, meat and bone ratio did not indicated significant difference among the kids maintained on experimental rations CR1 to CR5. The inclusions of untreated and treated Leucena leucocephala leaf meal (ULLLM and TLLLM) in the complete rations of kids on serum T3 and T4 hormonal profile determined at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days of experiment showed significant reduction (P<0.05) in CR2 and CR4 as compared to CR1 or CR3 or CR5. Histopathological examination of thyroid gland indicated morphological changes in terms of hyperplasia of epithelial cells and follicular vacuolation with cuboidal epithelium were prominent in CR2 and CR4 group, while in control group there was normal pattern and very mild changes were seen in CR3 and CR5. The result of present study indicated that the treated Leucena leucocephala leaf meal can be included at 30% level in complete ration of growing kids as replacement of concentrate mixture on weight by weight basis under intensive system of rearing.
Open Access
EFFECT OF FEEDING DIETS CONTAINING RAPESEED MEAL WITH OR WITH OUT ENZYMES ON PERFORMANCE OF JAPANESE QUAILS
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2016-10) SURYANARAYANA REDDY, D; SRINIVASA RAO, D(MAJOR); RAMANA, J.V; SHAKILA, S
ABSTRACT: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding diets containing rapeseed meal (RSM) at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% with or without enzymes on performance, serum bio chemicals, carcass characteristics and cost economics of Japanese quails. The diets prepared were basal diet/control diet, T1; control diet containing 2.5% RSM, T2; control diet containing 2.5% RSM+ENZYMES, T3; control diet containing 5% RSM, T4; control diet containing 5% RSM+ENZYMES, T5; control diet containing 7.5% RSM, T6; control diet containing 7.5% RSM+ENZYMES, T7; control diet containing 10% RSM, T8; control diet containing 10% RSM+ENZYMES, T9. Five hundred and fortey dayold Japanese quail chicks were divided at random in to nine groups of three replicates each with 20 birds per replicate and allotted to nine experimental diets (T1 to T9) formulated as per ICAR, 2013 feeding standards for grower (0-3weeeks) and finisher (3-5weeks) phases. The chemical composition of RSM contained 91.2% (DM), 35.2% (CP), 9.14% (CF), 3.58% (EE), 7.12% (TA) and 44.96% (NFE). No significant differences in body weights were observed during grower (0- 3weeeks) and finisher phase (3-5weeks) by feeding diets containing RSM (at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) with or without enzymes in Japanese quails. However numerically lower body weights were observed in 10% RSM i.e. T8 (210.26 gm) group and higher body weights were observed. The effect of feeding diets containing RSM at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% with or without enzymes on body weight gains were non significant during grower (0- 3weeks), finisher (3-5weeks) and also overall period (0-5weeks) of Japanese quails. However numerically lower body weight gains were observed in 10% RSM i.e. T8 (207.68 gm) group and higher body weight gains were observed in 2.5% RSM with enzymes i.e. T3 (213.36 gm) group. Significantly higher feed intake was observed in 10% RSM i.e. T8 (225.15 gm) over control group i.e. T1 (206.81 gm) during grower phase. Similarly, during finisher phase lower feed intake was observed in 7.5% RSM diet i.e. T6 (271.01gm). no significant differences in overall feed intake was observed. The cumuklative feed intake (P>0.05) was increased linearly with increasing the RSM in experimental diets. Significantly (P<0.01) poor feed efficiency was observed in 10% RSM (1.92) i.e. T8 in comparison with control group (1.73) i.e. T1 during grower (0-3weeeks) phase. However numerically poor feed efficiency was observed in 10% RSM i.e. T8 group (2.42) than the control group i.e. T1. There were no significance differences in carcass characteristics viz., dressing percentages, liver, heart and gizzard weights of Japanese quails by feeding diets containing RSM (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%) with or without enzymes. Significant differences were not observed in serum biochemical parameters i.e. total cholesterol, total protein, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and serum aspartate transaminase (AST) content of Japanese quails by feeding diets containing RSM ( 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% ) with or without enzymes. The mortality percentage of Japanese quails were 0, 3.33, 3.33, 5, 6.66, 3.33, 3.33, 13.33 and 10% respectively for the treatment groups T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 and T9. The feed cost was reduced by the incorporation of RSM in the diet and income over feed cost per bird was increased (P<0.05). The highest income over feed cost/ bird of Rs. 20.34 was observed in Japanese quails fed with diets containing 10% RSM (T8) and was higher by 40 paise/bird in comparison with the control group. It can be concluded from the results of the present experiment that RSM can be included at 10% level in the diets of Japanese quails for higher income, to overcome the shortage of protein supplements and for effective utilization of available unconventional protein supplements.
Open Access
EVALUATION OF NUTRITIVE VALUE OF HYDROPONIC FODDER VARIETIES IN SHEEP
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2016-11) TAHA ANSARI, SHAIK; RAVI, A(MAJOR); RAMANA, J.V; GANGARAJU, G
ABSTRACT: The nutritive value of hydroponic fodder produced from six varieties of fodder seeds i.e. SSG, cowpea, horse gram, maize, jowar and barley was evaluated in adult sheep fed on the fodder varieties as sole feed. Four Nellore Jodipi rams were used to study nutrient digestibility, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus balance, nutritive value and plane of nutrition in 14 day preliminary and 7 day collection period metabolism trials. The average hydroponic fodder yield (kg) after 7 days of sprouting from SSG, cowpea, horse gram, maize, jowar and barley was 7.17±0.11, 8.07±0.10, 7.10±0.09, 9.13±0.06, 5.38±0.10 and 8.22±0.09, respectively from 1 kg grain. The yield was significantly higher (P<0.01) from maize and barley seeds while it was lower from jowar seeds. The chemical composition (%DM) except for DM of the fodder varieties was 12.34, 11.67, 10.64, 12.53, 10.53 and 10.21 % (DM), 95.29, 94.22, 95.08, 95.28, 96.35, 95.99 % (OM), 20.87, 41.09, 33.40, 13.68, 25.77, 17.46 % (CP), 2.57, 1.70,2.29, 3.58, 8.31, 3.02 % (EE) 18.58, 24.08, 20.16, 16.08, 18.25, 23.26 % (CF), 4.71,5.78, 4.92, 4.72, 3.65, 4.01% (TA), 0.36 , 0.04, , 0.17, 0.13, 0.13, 1.05 (AIA) and 53.27, 27.35, 39.23, 61.94, 44.02 and 52.25 % (NFE), for Sorghum Sudan Grass, Cowpea, Horse gram, Maize, Jowar and Barley, respectively. Nutrient digestibility (%) of the hydroponic fodder varieties were 35.29, 79.90, 40.26, 76.08, 54.17 and 75.07 (DM), 43.64, 81.81, 46.79, 78.26, 58.98 and78.61 (OM), 47.85, 83.94, 71.57, 68.33, 69.50 and 72.95 (CP), 50.82, 68.59, 51.20, 66.96, 75.53 and 75.96 (EE), 34.49, 60.15, 53.43, 72.16, 21.27 and 65.20 (CF), 49.75, 88.46, 78.35, 82.70, 63.96 and 85.28 (NFE), 57.34, 79.59, 57.04, 76, 55.82 and 73.88 (NDF), 41.47, 71.15, 35, 71.61, 46.58 and 69.81(ADF), 49.82, 80.94, 68, 79.32, 65.16 and 78.91(Hemicellulose), 34.24, 76.57, 41.52, 76.44, 44.55 and 76.14 (Cellulose) , respectively and were significantly different among the varieties. The nitrogen retention (g/d) of sheep was negative (P<0.01) in all varieties except cowpea and the values were (-) 2.72, 7.60, (-) 7.77, (-) 2.11, (-) 1.43 and (-) 5.82 for SSG, Cowpea, Horse gram, Maize, Jowar and Barley, respectively. The calcium retained (g/d) was negative in all varieties and the values were (-) 0.85, (-) 0.55, (-) 1.90, (-) 0.66, (-) 0.51 and (-) 1.15 for SSG, Cowpea, Horse gram, Maize, Jowar and Barley, respectively The phosphorus retained (g/d) in sheep fed on SSG, Cowpea, Horse gram, Maize, Jowar and Barley was (-) 0.31, (-) 0.34, (-) 0.61, (-) 0.53, (-) 0.26 and (-) 0.79, respectively. The DCP (%), TDN (%) and DE (kcal/kg DM) were 9.98, 45.83 and 2016.91 (SSG), 34.49, 75.79 and 3334.97 (cowpea), 23.90, 68.08 and 2995.81 (horse gram), 9.34, 77.57 and 3413.13 (maize), 17.91, 64.07, 2819.37 (jowar) and 12.73, 77.63 and 3415.72 (barley). The DMI g/d was in the order of barley (391.03), maize (371.14), cowpea (314.26), horse gram (205.18), jowar (122.77) and SSG (87.30) and was significantly different. The DMI (g/ W 0.75) was significantly higher (P<0.01) in maize (30.23), barley (26.11), cowpea (25.58), horse gram (16.34), jowar (9.68) and SSG (7.76). The nutrient requirement of sheep and goat (ICAR, 2013) suggested that sheep weighing 25-35 kg require for maintenance 390-500g TDN, 75-96g CP and a dry matter intake 2.6 to 2.8 % of body weight. In the present study, sheep fed on different hydroponic fodder varieties failed to consume the required quantity of dry matter leading to low plane of nutrition and loss of body weight. The cost of production of production of hydroponic fodder from SSG, cowpea, horse gram, maize, jowar and barley was `. 1.26, 7.18, 5.20, 1.86, 5.20 and 4.86, respectively taking into account the seed cost only. It was concluded for hydroponic fodder production Maize followed by Barely were economical based on cost of seed and yield of fodder. Further, hydroponic fodders as a sole feed were not relished by sheep leading to low voluntary intake and loss of body weight.
Open Access
EFFECT OF REPLACING FISH MEAL PROTEIN BY SHRIMP WASTE MEAL PROTEIN WITH OR WITH OUT AMINOACIDS ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2016-10) MOUNICA, N; RAMANA, J. V(MAJOR); SRINIVASA RAO, D; SURESH, J
ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out with an objective to investigate the growth performance, digestibility of nutrients, gut pathogen population, serological parameters, haematological parameters and carcass traits of broilers fed diets containing shrimp waste meal with or with-out amino acids. Basal pre-starter, starter and finisher broiler diets were formulated with conventional feed ingredients like maize, soya bean meal, de-oiled rice bran (DORB) and fish meal as per the Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (ICAR, 2013). The CP (%) and ME (kcal/kg) contents of the basal pre starter, starter and finisher diets were 22.04, 3000; 21.50, 3049 and 19.57, 3099 respectively. The experimental diets in pre-starter phase were prepared by replacing fish meal protein of the basal diet with the shrimp waste meal protein at 20% level (T2) , 30% level (T3) and T4, T5 diets were prepared by adding synthetic lysine and methionine to T2 and T3 diets. In starter and finisher phases five experimental diets were prepared by replacing fish meal protein of the basal diet with the shrimp waste meal protein at 50% level (T2) , 100% level (T3) and T4, T5 diets were prepared by adding synthetic lysine and methionine to T2 and T3 diets. The basal diet T1 was used as control containing maize, SBM, DORB and 10 % fish meal. All diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. Three hundred and seventy five day old commercial broiler chicks were distributed randomly to five treatments with three replicates of twenty five birds each. The experiment was carried out from day old to 42 days of age. Weekly body weight gains and feed intake were recorded and feed efficiency was calculated accordingly. Metabolism trials were conducted to study the digestibility of nutrients during starter (0-28 days) and finisher (29-42 days) phases. At the end of 2, 4 and 6 weeks two birds per replicate and thus a total of six birds per treatment were sacrificed to study the effect of shrimp waste meal on E.coli and Salmonella count of the cecal contents and on serological, haematological parameters. Carcass traits were studied at the end of the experimental trial. There was no significant difference in body weight gain among treatments during pre-starter phase.The body weight gain (BWG) was found significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed (T4, T2 and T1) diets when compared to birds fed T3 and T5 during starter, finisher and overall phases. Feed intake was found to be significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed with control diet compared to birds fed with (T2 to T5) diets at pre-starter phase. During starter, finisher and overall growth phases no significant difference was noticed regarding feed intake among treatments. Irrespective of the growth phase the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was found non significant among treatments. The nutrient digestibility of DM and CF was found to be non-significant among treatments during starter and finisher phase. However during starter and finisher phases CP and EE digestibilities were found significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed T4 diet when compared to birds fed other diets T1, T2, T3 and T5. The E.coli and Salmonella count (log cfu/g) of cecal contents were found significantly (P<0.01) lower in birds fed SWM supplemented diets T2,T3, T4 and T5 than control diet (T1) during pre-starter, starter and finisher phases. In pre-starter and starter phases no significant difference was noticed regarding levels of serum total protein (g/dl), albumin (g/dl), globulin (g/dl), glucose (mg/dl) and cholesterol (mg/dl) among treatments (T1 to T5). In finisher phase also there was no significant difference in levels of serum total protein (g/dl), albumin (g/dl) and glucose (mg/dl) among treatments, but the serum cholesterol levels (mg/dl) and globulin levels (g/dl) were found significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed T1 diet than birds fed other diets (T2, T3, T4 and T5). Non significant differences were noticed among treatment groups regarding RBC count during the three phases of the study. During pre-starter phase the WBC count (103/μl) was significantly higher (P<0.01) in the birds fed with the diets T2, T3 ,T4 and T5 when compared to the birds fed with T1( control diet). During starter and finisher phases the WBC count (103/μl) was significantly higher (P<0.01) in the birds fed with the diets T2 and T3 than the birds fed with T1 , T4 and T5. During the pre-starter and starter phases lymphocyte (%) count was significantly higher (P<0.01) in T2 and T3 than in T1, T4,and T5 fed birds.Whereas during the finisher phase there was no significant difference among treatments. At the end of experimental period, the live weight gain, hot carcass weight and the dressing percentage were found significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed T4 diet when compared to birds fed other diets. The liver, gizzard and heart weights (g) were found significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed T4, T2, and T1 diets when compared to T3 and T5 group. The results of the present study indicated that the Protein from FM can be safely substituted up to 30% with the SWM protein in pre-starter and up to 50% in starter and finisher broiler diets for good economic returns and productive performance with amino acid supplementation (lysine and methionine).
Open Access
PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS FED DIETS CONTAINING SHRIMP WASTE MEAL
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2016-01) MOHANA KUMARI, G; RAMANA, J. V(MAJOR); DEVASENA, B; NARENDRANATH, D
ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out with a view to investigate the growth performance, digestibility of nutrients, gut pathogen population, serological parameters and carcass traits of broilers fed diets containing shrimp waste meal. Basal pre-starter, starter and finisher broiler diets were formulated with commonly available feed ingredients like maize, soya bean meal, deoiled rice bran (DORB) and fish meal as per the Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (ICAR, 2013). The CP (%) and ME (kcal/kg) contents of the basal pre starter, starter and finisher diets were 22.06, 3000 ; 21.50, 3049 ; 19.55, 3099, respectively. The experimental diets were prepared by incorporating shrimp waste meal at 5, 7.5 and 10% level to basal pre starter, starter and finisher diets. Four experimental diets T1 (Basal diet), T2 (Basal diet containing 5 % SWM), T3 (Basal diet containing 7.5 % SWM), T4 (Basal diet containing 10 % SWM) were prepared. Three hundred day old, commercial broiler chicks were distributed randomly to four treatments with three replicates of twenty five birds each. The experiment was carried out from day old to 42 days of age. Weekly body weight gains and feed intake were recorded and feed efficiency was calculated accordingly. Metabolism trials were conducted to study the digestibility of nutrients during starter (0-28 days) and finisher (29-42 days) phases. At the end of 2, 4 and 6 weeks two birds per replicate, six birds per treatment were sacrificed to study the effect of shrimp waste meal on E.coli and Salmonella count of the cecal contents and on serological parameters. Carcass traits were studied at the end of the experimental trial. The body weight gain (BWG) was found significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed SWM supplemented diets (T2, T3 and T4) when compared to birds fed control diet (T1) during pre-starter, finisher and overall phases. Irrespective of the growth phase feed intake was found to be significantly (P<0.05) at starter and finisher phases, (P<0.01) at pre-starter and overall phases) higher in birds fed T2 diet when compared to control diet (T1). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was found significantly (P<0.01) superior in birds fed diets supplemented with SWM (T2, T3 and T4) than control diet (T1) during pre-starter, finisher and overall phases. The nutrient digestibility of DM, EE and CF was found to be non-significant among treatments during starter and finisher phase. However during starter phase CP digestibility was found significantly (P<0.05) higher in birds fed T2 diet when compared to birds fed other diets (T1, T3 and T4). During finisher phase CP digestibility was significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed T2 diet when compared to control (T1). The E.coli and Salmonella count (log cfu/g) of cecal contents were found significantly (P<0.01) lower in birds fed SWM supplemented diets (T2, T3 and T4) than control diet (T1) during pre-starter, starter and finisher phases. The serum protein levels (g/dl) and globulin levels (g/dl) were found significantly (P<0.1) higher in birds fed T2 diet than birds fed other diets (T1, T3 and T4) during starter phase. Whereas during finisher phase the serum protein and globulin levels were found significantly higher (P<0.05) in birds fed T2 diet when compared to control diet (T1). Non significant differences were noticed among treatment groups during pre-starter phase regarding serum protein and globulin levels. Irrespective of the growth phase no significant differences were noticed regarding serum glucose, albumin and cholesterol values among treatment groups. The live weight, hot carcass weight and the dressing percentage were found significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed T2 diet when compared to birds fed other diets. Non significant differences were noticed among treatment groups regarding liver, gizzard and heart weights (g). During pre-starter phase mortality was high in birds fed with high levels of SWM in the diet and was gradually reduced up to finisher phase. The feed cost/kg weight gain was found significantly (P<0.01) lower in SWM fed birds (T2, T3 and T4) than birds fed control diet (T1). The results of present study revealed that the shrimp waste meal can safely be incorporated up to 5% level in pre starter, up to 7.5% level in starter and up to 10% level in finisher broiler diets for better economics and improved productive performance.
Open Access
Nutritional evaluation of Cumbu Napier (COBN-5) Hybrid Fodder in buffalo bulls
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2016-12) MADESH, M; Raja Kishore, K(MAJOR); Srinivas Kumar, D; Anitha, A
Open Access
EFFECT OF INCLUSION OF SHRIMP WASTE MEAL IN CALF STARTER DIETS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MURRAH BUFFALO CALVES
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2016-12) VENKATA NAGA ARUNA, K; RAGHAVA RAO, E(Major); SRINIVAS KUMAR, D; JAGADEESWARA RAO, S
ABSTRACT: A 120 day growth trial was conducted using 20 Murrah buffalo calves (Avg. b.wt.71±1.6kg) by randomly allotting them to four groups of 5 animals each to study the effect of replacing soybean meal with shrimp waste meal at 0, 10, 20 and 30 % levels on growth performance, serum biochemical profile and on nutrient digestibility. Amino acid and fatty acid composition of shrimp waste meal was determined. In vitro studies were conducted to evaluate the digestibility of shrimp waste meal. Chemical composition (% DMB) indicated that shrimp waste meal was rich source of crude protein. Amino acid composition revealed that shrimp waste meal used in the present study is rich source of serine. Fatty acid composition indicated that shrimp waste meal is rich in saturated fatty acids and also possesses considerable quantities of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids which accounts for 34.86 % of total fatty acids. In vitro digestibilities of DM and CP 71.80 and 68.82 %, respectively, for shrimp waste meal. The body weight gain and average daily gains were higher in shrimp waste meal incorporated groups as compared to control. However, body weight gain and average daily gains were significantly (P<0.05) higher at 10 % replacement level. The feed conversion ratio and feed cost/ kg gain were 7.90 and 106.18; 4.75 and 70.81; 6.60 and 86.74 and 7.02 and 91.95, respectively, for T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups. The digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, EE, CF, NFE, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and cellulose increased (P<0.01) in Murrah buffalo calves where shrimp waste meal was incorporated. However, higher digestibilities were observed at 10 % replacement level. The DM, DCP and TDN intakes of buffalo calves of all the groups were higher than the recommendations of ICAR (1998) indicating the adequacy and palatability of calf starters. The serum total protein increased significantly (P<0.05) at 10 % level of inclusion of shrimp waste meal. The serum albumin levels were higher in shrimp waste meal incorporated groups than control group but significant (P<0.01) increase was observed at 10 % level of inclusion of shrimp waste meal. However, dietary inclusion of shrimp waste meal at graded levels in calf starter diets had no effect (P>0.05) on serum globulin content. Blood urea nitrogen content was significantly (P<0.05) decreased at 10 % replacement level. The feed cost/kg gain decreased by Rs 35.37 (T2), 19.44 (T3) and 14.23 (T4) in calves fed calf starter diets containing shrimp waste meal at varying levels as compared to the control. Based on the present study, it is concluded that replacement of soybean meal protein in calf starter diets with shrimp waste meal at 10 % level resulted in improved digestibility of gross nutrients and growth rate of Murrah buffalo calves besides reducing the cost per kg gain by Rs 35.37.
Open Access
EFFECT OF INCLUSION OF SHRIMP WASTE MEAL IN CALF STARTER DIETS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MURRAH BUFFALO CALVES
(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2016-12) VENKATA NAGA ARUNA, K; RAGHAVA RAO, E (Major); SRINIVAS KUMAR, D; JAGADEESWARA RAO, S
ABSTRACT: A 120 day growth trial was conducted using 20 Murrah buffalo calves (Avg. b.wt.71±1.6kg) by randomly allotting them to four groups of 5 animals each to study the effect of replacing soybean meal with shrimp waste meal at 0, 10, 20 and 30 % levels on growth performance, serum biochemical profile and on nutrient digestibility. Amino acid and fatty acid composition of shrimp waste meal was determined. In vitro studies were conducted to evaluate the digestibility of shrimp waste meal. Chemical composition (% DMB) indicated that shrimp waste meal was rich source of crude protein. Amino acid composition revealed that shrimp waste meal used in the present study is rich source of serine. Fatty acid composition indicated that shrimp waste meal is rich in saturated fatty acids and also possesses considerable quantities of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids which accounts for 34.86 % of total fatty acids. In vitro digestibilities of DM and CP 71.80 and 68.82 %, respectively, for shrimp waste meal. The body weight gain and average daily gains were higher in shrimp waste meal incorporated groups as compared to control. However, body weight gain and average daily gains were significantly (P<0.05) higher at 10 % replacement level. The feed conversion ratio and feed cost/ kg gain were 7.90 and 106.18; 4.75 and 70.81; 6.60 and 86.74 and 7.02 and 91.95, respectively, for T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups. The digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, EE, CF, NFE, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and cellulose increased (P<0.01) in Murrah buffalo calves where shrimp waste meal was incorporated. However, higher digestibilities were observed at 10 % replacement level. The DM, DCP and TDN intakes of buffalo calves of all the groups were higher than the recommendations of ICAR (1998) indicating the adequacy and palatability of calf starters. The serum total protein increased significantly (P<0.05) at 10 % level of inclusion of shrimp waste meal. The serum albumin levels were higher in shrimp waste meal incorporated groups than control group but significant (P<0.01) increase was observed at 10 % level of inclusion of shrimp waste meal. However, dietary inclusion of shrimp waste meal at graded levels in calf starter diets had no effect (P>0.05) on serum globulin content. Blood urea nitrogen content was significantly (P<0.05) decreased at 10 % replacement level. The feed cost/kg gain decreased by 35.37 (T2), 19.44 (T3) and 14.23 (T4) in calves fed calf starter diets containing shrimp waste meal at varying levels as compared to the control. Based on the present study, it is concluded that replacement of soybean meal protein in calf starter diets with shrimp waste meal at 10 % level resulted in improved digestibility of gross nutrients and growth rate of Murrah buffalo calves besides reducing the cost per kg gain by 35.37.

Thesis

Browse

Thesis Type

Type

Author

Date

Subject

Search Results