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ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF RATIONS CONTAINING VARYING LEVELS OF MAIZE SPENT LIQUOR IN BUFFALOES(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA, 2010-11) APARNA, R; RAGHAVA RAO, E (Major); SRINIVAS KUMAR, D; JAGDEESWAR RAO, SABSTRACT : An experiment was carried out on four male buffaloes in a 4 x 4 latin square design, to study the effect of feeding maize spent liquor (MSL) at various levels on digestibility and balance of nutrients and on rumen fermentation pattern. The dietary treatments comprised of T1 control i.e. paragrass, concentrate mixture and paddy straw whereas buffalo bulls of T2, T3 and T4 groups were supplemented with maize spent liquor at different levels (4, 6 and 8 kg on fresh basis) in addition to that of control (T1) group. The average apparent DM digestibility coefficients were 59.77, 59.39, 64.26 and 67.46 percent. The daily mean apparent OM digestibility coefficient were 65.00, 65.26, 68.31 and 68.82 percent. The average crude protein digestibility coefficients were 62.86, 64.09, 65.18 and 66.36 percent. The mean ether extract digestibility coefficients were 66.12, 76.57, 79.42 and 77.04 percent. The average crude fibre digestibility of experimental rations were 67.06, 57.89, 64.61 and 63.65 percent. The average digestibility coefficients of NFE were 64.79, 69.18, 72.68 and 78.14 percent respectively in buffalo bulls fed with control, T2, T3 and T4 diets. The apparent digestibility of various organic nutrients differ significantly in buffalo bulls fed with 0, 2, 4 and 8 kg of MSL in control, T2, T3 and T4 groups. The average nitrogen balance (g/d) observed in buffalo bulls fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 diets was 30.82, 49.17, 56.41 and 65.24. The average calcium balance (g/d) observed in buffalo bulls fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 was 23.99, 26.05, 27.76 and 29.74. The average phosphorus balance g/d observed in buffalo bulls fed with T1, T2, T3 and T4 was 13.39, 21.37, 26.21 and 32.00. The results of the balance studies indicated that all the buffalo bulls were under positive N, Ca and P balance and all the animals were hale and healthy. The studies on rumen fermentation pattern indicated that the pH was relatively stable (6.67 to 7.09) in all the buffalo bulls at 0, 4, 6 and 8 kg / day). There was significant (P < 0.05) increase in rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration as the level of MSL increased from 0 to 8 kg per day in different groups indicating the advantage of availability of more ammonia nitrogen in the rumen for the use of micro-organisms for the synthesis of greater microbial protein. The TVFA concentration also showed a similar trend of increase, as the level of MSL in the diet increased from 4 kg in T2 to 8 kg in T4 group. These studies indicated that the rumen fermentation pattern was not adversely effected even when MSL was fed at the rate of 8 kg/day to buffalo bulls. The DM intake of buffalo bulls of all groups was higher than the requirements (ICAR, 1998) and indicated that the animals consumed sufficient quantity of DM without any adverse effect on DM intake consequent to the feeding of MSL. The DCP intake was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the buffalo bulls fed with MSL when compared to that of control group. The TDN, DE and ME intakes were found to be higher than the requirement (ICAR, 1998). The results of the present study revealed that maize spent liquor can be fed up to 8 kg / day (in morning and evening in equal quantities) as a supplement without any adverse effect on DM, DCP and TDN intake, nutrient digestibilities and rumen fermentation pattern. MSL was found to contain all minerals and rich especially in phosphorus.