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Subject: Animal Genetics and Breeding × Author: GANADAYA CHOPPARA × Start date: 2020 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    POLYMORPHISM IN GENOMIC REGIONS LINKED TO RESISTANCE AGAINST BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE AND BUFFALO
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2023-04) GANADAYA CHOPPARA; VINOO .R (MAJOR); SUDHAKAR .K; VENKATA SESHAIAH .CH
    Brucella abortus causes bovine brucellosis, a prevalent reproductive disease with high zoonotic potential where the host immune response plays a critical role in disease prevention. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) are the type of receptors that serve as the body's first line of defense against pathogens thus conferring resistance to various diseases. They distinguish invading pathogens as well as endogenous substances from damaged cells and are critical in bridging the gap between innate and adaptive immunity. The current study sought to identify genetic polymorphisms in TLR1 and TLR2 and their association with natural resistance to brucellosis. Mutations in the coding regions of TLR1 (+1380 G/A) and TLR2 (T385G) were used to identify the polymorphism in 362 samples of cattle and buffalo using PCR-RFLP. To know the association of SNPs with the disease, a case-control study has been made with 222 samples of which 41 samples resulted as positive (case) and 181 as negative (control) in both RBPT and ELISA. In TLR1/AciI locus, the “GG” genotype was predominant in Murrah, Holstein Friesian crossbreds, and Jersey crossbreds while indigenous cattle solely genotyped to “GG”. In the TLR2-EcoRV locus, “GG” genotype was prevalent in Murrah and indigenous cattle breeds, whereas the “TT” genotype was prevalent in crossbred cattle. Murrah buffaloes in TLR1 and TLR2, and Ongole cattle in TLR2 had deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.01). The logistic regression analysis for TLR1 could not be performed; however, for the TLR2 (T385G) locus, the Odds Ratio (OR) of T/T against G/G - G/T was 0.17 (0.02-1.46; 95% CI), indicating that the ‘T’ allele had a lower relative risk of brucellosis incidence than the ‘G’ allele. The odds ratios of HF crossbreds and Ongole were 0.43 and 0.23, respectively, indicating that they were brucellosis-resistant, but it was observed that Punganur cattle had a significant risk of infection (OR=1.71). In the present investigation, selection against TLR2(T385G) may reduce the risk of brucellosis in bovine herds however, due to the small sample size of Jersey crossbred and Punganur the computed estimates were not reliable.