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20101
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Subject: Animal Genetics and Breeding × Author: BHARATHI, GUTTI × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PUNGANUR CATTLE
    (SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2010-07) BHARATHI, GUTTI; SAKARAM, D(MAJOR); RAMESH GUPTA, B; RAGHUNANDAN, T
    ABSTRACT : The blood samples of total 30 animals consisting each sex of 15 animals of Punganur and 5 ND animals(2M+3F) were cultured through short term lymphocyte method and 1000 metaphases of these animals were analyzed for morphology and different morphometric aspects for characterization. The diploid chromosome number consisting of 60 (2n=60, XY) was found in both the cattle. All the autosomes were acrocentric. X-chromosome was sub-metacentric while the Y- was found smallest acrocentric. The morphometry revealed that mean relative lengths of autosomes varied from 5.34 to 1.87 percent in Punganur and 5.10 to 1.97 percent in ND. The X-chromosome contributed 4.81 and 4.57 percent in Punganur and ND, while the Y-chromosome accounted 1.69 and 1.93 percent in Punganur and ND to Genome. The means for arm ratio, centromeric index and morphological index of the X- chromosome were 1.55± 0.17, 0.40±0.05 and 5.12±0.46 in Punganur and 1.55±0.05, 0.40±0.01 and 5.30±0.29 in ND respectively. Analysis of variance based on the transformed relative lengths revealed significant differences among the genetic groups with respect to the relative lengths of chromosomes 10, 26, 27, 28, 29, and Y-chromosome. The relative lengths of all chromosome except 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 28, 29 and X-chromosome showed differences among sexes in Punganur cattle. The sex wise analysis of variance in ND cattle revealed no significant difference among the sexes for all chromosomes except 29 pair of autosome. The NOR-banding revealed that on average 5 chromosomes in the complement showed the NOR regions most of them present on telomeres and some of them are in ends of the long arms. Even though the location and distribution of these regions varies among breeds of cattle, the NOR pertaining to this breed were located on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5 and 28.