Browsing by Author "Singh, Mritunjai Prasad"
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Results Per Page
Sort Options
ThesisItem Open Access IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EFFICACY OF COW URINE DISTILLATE (CUD) FOR TREATMENT OF SUB CLINICAL ENDOMETRITIS IN CATTLE(Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2006) Singh, Mritunjai Prasad; Sinha, A.K.Cow urine (gomutra) has many beneficial properties particularly in the areas of agriculture and therapeutics. It has also been observed during the scientific research that the urine of Indian cows is highly effective and interestingly almost nil or few medicinal properties are present in the urine of crossbred, exotic cows, buffaloes etc. Recent researches have shown that cow urine enhances the immune status of an individual through activating the macrophages and augmenting their engulfment power as well as bactericidal activity. Its major implications are in agriculture biopesticides, electricity and kitchen fuels and as therapy for many diseases. The urine of cow contains all beneficial elements in it. Hence it is natural and universal medicine that fulfills the deficiency of elements and reduces the increased elements in the body and it is the quality of urine which helps in curing even the most incurable diseases. Cow urine contains 24 types of salts and the medicines made from cow urine are used to cure several diseases. Cow urine constitutes water 95%, urea 2.5%, minerals, salts, hormones and enzymes 2.5%. It contains iron, calcium, phosphorus, salts, carbonic acid, potash, nitrogen, ammonia, manganese, sulphur, phosphates, potassium, urea, uric acids, amino acids, enzymes, cytokines and lactose etc. (Bhadauria; 2002). Scientists/Clinicians are facing problems in modern allopathic treatment due to the multiple drug resistance in microorganisms, presence of antibiotic residues in food chain and/or associated allergies and autoimmune disorders in man and animals. Immunity is reducing drastically as a result of the environmental pollution, use of agrochemicals in agriculture and presence of pesticides, heavy metal, fungal toxins etc in the food chain. Deficient functioning of macrophages leads to inefficacy of antibiotic drugs, development of resistance in bacteria, recurrent infections, and/or decreased immune status of an individual. As per WHO, the twentieth century wonder drugs “antibiotics” will not remain useful and become almost ineffective by the year 2020. In these circumstances one has to think over the alternative therapeutic approaches to control the infections (Garg and Chauhan, 2003 a; Chauhan, 2005). Due to paucity of information on this aspect and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat the uterine infection has invariably resulted into emergence of resistance among bacterial strains complicating the effectiveness of therapeutic measure. Economically, the cow urine will be cheaper as compared to other drugs available in the market. Keeping in view the above facts, this study was planned with the following objectives:- 1. To investigate the efficacy of cow urine distillate (CUD) against common genital tract microorganisms. 2. To compare the antimicrobial efficacy of CUD with that of commonly used antibiotics. 3. To study the effect of CUD in sub -clinical cases of endometritis in cattle. The present study was carried out at Military dairy farm, Namkom, Ranchi.A total of 60 cows were selected and grouped into treatment (30) and control (30).All the animals were diagnosed as sub clinical endometritis on the basis of history of repeat breeding and isolation and identification of bacteria in cervical mucus samples.A total of 68 bacterial isolates were obtained from 60 cervical mucus samples.The different types of bacteria identified were E. coli (26.47%), Streptococcus spp. (23.52%), Staphylococcus spp. (20.58%), Bacillus spp. (17.64%), Corynebacterium spp. (5.88%) & Pseudomonas spp.(5.88%).Ciprofloxacin was found most effective (88.23%) followed by Amikacin (82.35%), Gentamicin (79.41%), Chloramphenicol (70.58%), Ampicillin (55.88), Oxytetracyclin (52.94%) & Penicillin – G (35.29%).Neat CUD was found effective against 54.41% of bacterial isolates followed by diluted CUD (1:2) and (1:4) against 41.18% and 22.06%, respectively. The overall conception rate was found to be 56.67% in animals treated with neat CUD. The overall conception rate was found to be 23.33% in animals of control group. There was significant difference in conception rate between CUD treated and control groups. Neat CUD may be used in animals affected with sub clinical endometritis because it was most effective against bacterial isolates among all the three concentrations and significantly higher conception rate was recorded in the cows treated with CUD. Results obtained with regard to sensitivity pattern were almost comparable with commonly available antibiotics. Besides, it is economical as compared to antibiotics and easily available.