Browsing by Author "Sharma, Vivek"
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ThesisItem Open Access Analysis of acesulfame-k and its stability in indigenous dairy products.(NDRI,Karnal, 2006) Yarrakula, Sivaramaraju; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Open Access Analysis of acesulfame-k and its stability in indigenous dairy products. - Karnal:(NDRI, Karnal, 2006) Yarrakula, Sivaramaraju; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Restricted Assessment of seasonal variations on soil biochemical properties under different land use systems in sub montane Punjab(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Asima; Sharma, VivekLand degradation due to improper land use management leads to deterioration of soil health. Increasing population, urbanization and demand for food enforced the system to convert the forest to agricultural land results in decline of soil fertility and productivity. Maintenance of soil heath is a key component of agriculture sustainability and soil biochemical properties are considered as sensitive indicators of soil health. Hence it is essential to study the effect of different land use systems on key indicators of soil health viz. soil biochemical properties and soil organic carbon for sustainable agricultural system. A study was conducted to determine the effect of different land use systems (forestry, agroforestry, agri-horticulture, horticulture, agriculture and eroded land) and seasonal variations (summer, rainy and winter season) on soil biochemical properties under rainfed conditions in sub montane Punjab. A total of 180 soil samples were collected from two locations i.e. Balachaur (SBS Nagar) and Talwara (Hoshiarpur). Soil samples were collected in summer, rainy and winter season from same place using global positioning system to study the seasonal changes. The results revealed that soils were slightly alkaline (7.3-7.9) at Balachaur and slightly acidic at Talwara (6.4-6.9) with electrical conductivity varied from 0.31-0.61 dSm-1 at Balachaur and 0.09-0.23 dSm-1 at Talwara, respectively. Soils were loamy sand to sandy loam in texture at both the locations. The organic carbon content, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in soil ranged from 0.20 to 0.63 per cent, 110 to 381, 29.8 to 32.6 and 99 to 196 kg ha-1 at Balachaur and 0.14 to 083 per cent, 86 to 406, 29.3 to 32.6 and 65 to 226 kg ha-1 at Talwara, respectively. Among DTPA extractable micronutrient cations, DTPA-Mn, DTPA-Fe, DTPA-Cu and DTPA-Zn content in soil varied from 9.5 to 15.1, 9.0 to 25.2, 0.31 to 1.02 and 0.71 to 0.96 mg kg-1 at Balachaur and 10.3 to 21.2, 12.1 to 34.5, 0.34 to 1.01 and 0.76 to 1.15 mg kg-1 at Talwara region, respectively. Among soil biochemical properties, dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, basal soil respiration and urease activity were higher under agri-horticulture and forestry based land use systems. In sub systems, the soil dehydrogenase activity varied from 5.4 to 10.9 µg TPFg-1h-1 and 7.4 to 12.8 µg TPFg-1h-1 at Balachaur and Talwara, respectively. The acid and alkaline phosphatase activities varied from 17.0 to 36.5 µg pNPg-1h-1, 36.3 to 61.3 µg pNPg-1h-1and 22.3 to 34.5 µg pNPg-1h-1, 43.4 to 60.1 µg pNPg-1h-1 at Balachaur and Talwara, respectively. The urease activity was observed to be highest for guava based agri-horticulture system at Balachaur and mango based agri-horticulture system at Talwara. The microbial biomass carbon was observed to be higher in mango based agri-horticulture system at Balachaur and eucalyptus based agroforestry sub system in Talwara. The total and easily extractable glomalin content was observed to be higher in guava and mango based agri-horticulture land use systems in Balachaur and Talwara, respectively. The soil carbon fractions (labile fractions, organic matter fractions, total organic carbon and carbon management index) were observed to be higher in agri-horticulture system and forestry system as compared to other land use systems. Among seasons, rainy season had higher soil properties as compared to the winter and summer seasons. The principal component analysis revealed that the soil properties were highly correlated with agri-horticulture system and rainy seasons. The dehydrogenase activity, urease, basal soil respiration and total organic carbon were observed to be best soil quality indicators among the land use systems and seasons in sub montane region of Punjab.ThesisItem Open Access Calibration and validation of CROPGROW -chickpea model under semiarid condition(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-09) Sharma, Vivek; Raj SinghField experiment entitle “Calibration and validation of CROPGROW-chickpea model under semiarid condition” was conducted during Rabi season 2020-21 at research farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar (290 10’ N, 750 46’ E and altitude 215.2 m). The experiment consisted of four date of sowings as main plot treatments namely, D1-13th October, D2-1st November, D3-15th November, D4- 2nd November; sub plot treatments comprised of three varieties viz. (V1)- HC 1, (V2)- HC 7 and (V3)- HC 5. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Relative humidity and temperature at morning hours was maximum at the bottom of canopy and it decreased towards the top at flowering and pod initiation stage while at maturity stage temperature increased towards the canopy top and relative humidity decreased towards the top of canopy. Accumulated intercepted PAR was maximum for (D1-13th October) and variety HC 7. Yield and yield attributes were highest for (D1- 13th October) and variety HC 7. Plant height was maximum in variety HC 5 and (D1-13th October). Crop growth observations except plant height were highest for (D1-13th October) and HC 7 while plant height was observed maximum in (D1-13th October) and variety HC 5. DSSAT model was simulated and compared with observed values and results have revealed that simulated days to flowering, days to pod initiation, days to physiological maturity and seed yield were in good agreement with observed values. Model overestimated days to flowering, days to pod initiation, days to physiological maturity and underestimated the seed yield and leaf area index. The model can be used satisfactorily for prediction of phenology and seed yield.ThesisItem Open Access Characterization of cow ghee with a view to distinguish it from buffalo ghee(Natioanl Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 2017) Mor, Sonia; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Open Access Customer satisfaction measurement of hifield ag chem India limited in the Gujarat state of India(jnkvv, jabalpur, 2008) Sharma, Vivek; Sharma, H. O.ThesisItem Open Access Delineation of micronutrient cations status and response of pea (Pisum sativum L.) to zinc in dry temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh(CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2006) Sharma, Vivek; Kanwar, B.B.ThesisItem Open Access Delineation Of Micronutrient Cations Status And Response Of Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) To Zinc In Dry Temperate Zone Of Himachal Pradesh(CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya;Palampur, 2006) Sharma, Vivek; Kanwar, B.B.; CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya; PalampurThesisItem Open Access Designing of organogel for the development of the functional fat spread.(NDRI, Karnal, 2017) Rani, Anupama; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Open Access Development and evaluation of physico-chemical and nutritional characteristics of iron and vitamin-A fortified pearl millet basic weaning food.(NDRI, Karnal, 2014) Sihag, Manvesh Kumar; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Open Access DEVELOPMENT OF A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF LOW CHOLESTEROL GHEE USING BUTTER AND GHEE AS A BASE MATERIAL(ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, 2018) Bhatia, Piyush; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Open Access Development of Method for Estimation of Cholosterol in Selected Dairy Products(NDRI, Karnal, 2015) Dalsukhbhai, Parmar Yogeshkumar; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Open Access Effect of supplementing essential oils containing herbs to total mixed rations on the performance of growing male crossbred calves(Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 2017) Sharma, Vivek; Lamba, Jaspal SinghThis study was conducted to assess the effect of herbal feed additives (HFAs) containing oils supplemented at 1-3% of total mixed rations (TMR) on DM basis on the methane production potential and nutrient utilization in male crossbred calves. TMR with different roughage to concentrate ratio of 80:20, 75:25, 70:30 and 65:35 on DM basis were formulated. The roughage portion was made up of wheat straw and maize green fodder in 70:30 ratio. In vitro gas production studies conducted in a 4x3x3 factorial design conclusively revealed that the best response with respect to net gas production, digestibility of nutrients (OMD, NDFD and DMD), methane production, VFA production, ME availability and other fermentation parameters from TMRs with different roughage to concentrate ratios was observed in jaiphal supplemented at the rate of 1% of TMR with R: C ratio of 65:35 on DM basis. This was followed by 4x4 latin square design to assess the impact of supplementing jaiphal suva and haldi at the rate of 1% of DM basis in TMR (R:C::65:35) on the nutrient utilization of male crossbred calves. The herb supplementation did not have any significant effect on digestibility of various nutrients and percent nitrogen retention in male cross bred calves. The blood biochemical profile for various parameters did not show any significant effect on herb supplementation i.e. herbs have no deleterious effect on animal health except supplementation of herb suva in male cross bred calves significantly increased (P<0.05) the alkaline phosphatase activity(AKP). Herbs supplementation has stimulatory effect on rumen fermentation parameters (TN, TVFA, NPN NH3-N) which were (P<0.05) higher than control group. The results conclusively revealed that supplementing TMR (R:C::65:35) with jaiphal @ 1% mitigated the methane production without affecting digestibility of nutrients.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of chromatographic methods for the detection of milk fat adulteration with animal body fats..(NDRI, Karnal, 2012) Bhore, Pranoti Pramod; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Open Access Genetic divergence and correlation coefficient analyses for grain yield, its components and quality traits in bread wheat(CCSHAU, 2006) Sharma, Vivek; Pawar, I.S.In the present investigation, 75 genotypes of wheat were grown in Randomized block design with three replications accommodating each genotype in 3m long paired row plot with row to row and plant to plant spacing at 23cm and 10cm, respectively, at the experimental research area of wheat section, Department of Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during ‘rabi’ season of 2004-05 to determine variability, correlation, path coefficient, genetic divergence and identification of genetically diverse and agronomcially desirable germplasm. Observations on five competitive plants for 11 metric traits were recorded. Sustatnial amount of genetic variability was observed for all the traits studied. The grain yield per plant showed positive and significant correlation with ear length, days to maturity, tiller number per plant, total biomass and number of grains per ear. The path coefficient analysis recorded that total biomass, tiller number per plant and number of grains per ear were the main contributors towards grain yield per plant. On basis of D2 values, the genotypes were grouped into eleven clusters. There were little association between clustering pattern and agro-ecological distributions of genotypes. However, the genotypes of same agro-ecological had shown some tendency to come together in same cluster. The genotypes included in clusters III, VI, IX and X were identified as divergent as well as with higher mean values for important yield contributing traits. The genotypes viz. UP-2338, PBW-343, WH-283, PBW-502, WH-711 and Veery were divergent and superior performers for most of the yield and quality attributing traits and could be exploited in future wheat breeding programme.ThesisItem Open Access HPLC profiling of unsaponifiable matter and enriched sterol fraction for the detection of ghee adulteration with vegetable oils/fats(NDRI, Karnal, 2013) Rani, Anupama; Sharma, VivekThesisItem Restricted Influence of land use systems and seasons on soil biochemical properties under rainfed conditions in sub montane Punjab(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Arora, Raavi; Sharma, VivekLand use changes alter the soil properties and its functioning due to changes in soil microbial functions, soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and nutrient turnover in soils. In present study, a total of 150 soil samples were collected from four rainfed land use systems (agri-horticulture, agroforestry, cultivated and barren) during three seasons (summer, rainy and winter season) at two locations viz. Garhshankar (Hoshiarpur) and Nurpur Bedi (Rupnagar) for the analysis of soil biochemical properties. The results showed that soils at both locations were loamy sand to sandy loam in texture with neutral to slightly alkaline soil reaction. The electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 0.18 to 0.23 dS m-1 at Garhshankar and 0.19 to 0.26 dS m-1 at Nurpur Bedi. Soil organic carbon content ranged from 2.18 to 5.83 and 1.99 to 5.03 g kg-1, being highest under dek and mango based system at Garhshankar and Nurpur Bedi, respectively. The soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) ranged from 48.1 to 170.0 and 48.4 to 147.1 μg g-1 at Garhshankar and Nurpur Bedi, respectively. Among soil enzymes, the soil dehydrogenase activity (DHA) varied from 12.1 to 37.1 and 10.8 to 33.1 μg TPF g-1 hr-1, fluorescein diacetate activity from 0.65 to 2.49 and 1.17 to 2.86 μg fluorescein g-1, acid phosphatase from 14.7 to 22.2 and 16.3 to 39.1 μg PNP g-1 hr-1, alkaline phosphatase activity from 17.1 to 44.3 and 20.0 to 35.1 μg PNP g-1 hr-1, and urease activity from 4.67 to 6.62 and 5.82 to 6.38 μg NH4-N g-1 hr-1 for land use systems at Garhshankar and Nurpur Bedi, respectively. The values of soil physicochemical and biological properties, soil microbial quotient and metabolic potential were higher under agri-horticulture and agroforestry systems and least under barren system. The labile carbon fractions and carbon management index had higher values for agri-horticulture and agroforestry systems. Majority of the soil properties had higher values during rainy season as compared to winter and summer season at both Garhshankar and Nurpur Bedi. Principal component analysis and soil quality index showed that agroforestry system followed by agri-horticulture system had higher values of soil enzymes, MBC, SOC and carbon fractions. Among soil properties, SOC, available P, DTPA-Zn, DHA, mean weight diameter and urease activity at Garhshankar and SOC, MBC, EC, total organic carbon and available K at Nurpur Bedi were the most reliable and sensitive indicators for assessing soil quality under rainfed land use system in sub montane Punjab.ThesisItem Open Access Investigations on etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines of Himachal Pradesh(Palampur, 2021-08-24) Sharma, Vivek; Kumar, PraveshThe present study was planned with the objectives to document the prevalence and etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines of different regions of Himachal Pradesh and to suggest the prevention and control. First part of the study comprised of documentation of prevalence of genital prolapse in bovines of Himachal Pradesh. Second part of study was investigation of etiologies of genital prolapse in bovines by estimation of clinco-pathological investigations for blood hormone, haematological and biochemicals of the affected (n=238) bovines (cattle and buffaloes) throughout the state and last was to suggest prevention and control of genital prolapse. Among cattle, the highest prevalence was reported in district Bilaspur (10.58%) followed by Chamba (9.03%) and Hamirpur (6.50%) whereas among buffaloes the highest prevalence was recorded in district Kangra (13.57%) followed by district Bilaspur (13.35%), Hamirpur (10.13%) and Chamba (8.23%). Overall prevalence of genital prolapse in cattle in Himachal Pradesh was 2.17 per cent and in buffaloes it was 6.53 per cent. In hormonal estimation, Significantly (P<0.01) high levels of plasma estradiol-17β (E2) and low level of progesterone (P4) were observed in affected bovines in comparison to nonaffected ones in all three (Pregnant, Postpartum and Non-pregnant) stages. Similarly, cortisol was also significantly high in non-pregnant (P<0.01) and post-partum (P<0.01) affected cattle groups and post-partum buffaloes (P<0.05) group. In minerals, Ca and P were significantly low at different levels of significance (P<0.01 and P<0.05) in cattle and buffaloes in all 3 stages except non-pregnant prolapse in buffaloes. In cows affected with genital prolapse, the biochemicals like triglycerides (P<0.01), urea (P<0.01) and SGOT (P<0.05) were significantly higher and cholesterol (P<0.01) was significantly lower than non-affected cows. In buffaloes showing genital prolapse, only a significant higher concentration of triglycerides (P<0.01) was observed and other biochemicals like glucose (P<0.01), total protein (P<0.05) and cholesterol (P<0.01) were significantly lower in comparison to non-affected buffaloes. In cows affected with genital prolapse, leukocytes (P<0.05), granulocytes (P<0.01), haemoglobin (P<0.05) and platelets (P<0.05) were significantly higher than non-affected one. On the basis of etiologies of prolapse, minerals like calcium and phosphorous and hormone like progesterone can be supplemented during pregnancy to avoid its occurrence. Maximum of moderate and severe prolapse cases required surgical intervention with Buhner’s suture along with other supportive treatment.