Browsing by Author "Prasanna, K S"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
ThesisItem Open Access Pathology of hypothyroidism in pigs(Centre of Excellence in Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,Mannuthy, 1995) Prasanna, K S; KAU; Sreekumaran, TAn experimental model of hypothyroid state was induced in piglets, using thiourea with the objectives of studying the sequence of clinico pathological changes and its influence on the animal health and growth. Tweleve Large White Yorkshire male piglets of 2 – 3 months age were selected for the study. The animals were divided into control group of six animals and experimental group of six animals. Experimental hypothyroidism was induced by feeding thiourea daily for a period of three months at the dose level of 50 mg per kg body weight. Haemogram, body weight, plasma proteins, serum cholesterol and serum thyroxine values were estimated at periodic intervals. The piglets were subjected to detailed autopsy after sacrifice. Gross lesions were recorded and detailed histopathological examination of tissues was carried out. During the course of experiment all the experimental animals recorded stunted growth and appreciable reduction in feed intake and alopecia of neck and shoulder regions. There was significant increase in blood cholesterol values and plasma protein level in thiourea fed group. A significant reduction in serum thyroxine level was also recorded. There was significant increase in the relative weight of thyroid, adrenal and pituitary glands of experimental animals. Gelatinisation of subcutaneous fat and dilatation of right ventricles were common findings at autopsy. Histologically the thyroid glands exhibited varying degree of hyperplastic changes and depletion of colloid in the follicles. Hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the lining epithelium was also observed. Predominant histological changes in the pituitary was hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the basophil cells and degranulation of the acidophil cells. Adrenal glands showed diffuse hyperplasia of zonafasiculata and accessory cortical nodule formation. Skin revealed acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and keratinisation of harifollicles. In all the hypothyroid animals testis showed varying degree of tubular degeneration. A random survey study was conducted to assess the thyroid status of pigs from different parts of Kerala using serum thyroxine as the marker. This concluded that most of the animals had the normal range of serum thyroxine levels.ThesisItem Open Access TOXICOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF COPPER IN BROILER CHICKEN(Kerala Veterinary and animal science university, Pookode, 2015-09-18) Neethu, C K; Prasanna, K SThe effects of different levels of dietary copper sulphate in broiler birds were evaluated by supplementing 200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm of copper sulphate along with basal diet from day eight to day thirty six. The growth parameters, histopathological changes on different organs, genotoxicity to blood cells and residual copper in different organs were estimated. The genotoxicity was screened using alkaline comet assay and residual copper in different organs were estimated using flame atomic absorbance spectrophotometer. The best growth performance was obtained with the supplementation of 200 ppm of copper. Copper above the level of 200 ppm resulted in reduced growth performance, gastro intestinal disturbances and hepatotoxicity in birds. On comet assay analysis a dose and time dependent increase in the comet tail length was observed which indicated genotoxic effect of copper on blood cells. The highest level of copper residue was found in liver. Kidney, muscle, heart and gizzard contained negligible concentration of residual copper. Evaluation of droppings for residual copper showed a logarithmic increase with increased dietary supplementation. This investigation proved that copper above the level of 200 ppm was hepatotoxic and genotoxic to blood cells. Besides an increased copper excretion with increased supplementation of copper was observed. The residual effect of copper in edible organs were negligible. From this study it was observed that the best recommended level of copper in broiler birds as feed additive was 200 ppm.