Browsing by Author "Panghaal, Dheeraj"
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of tillage practices and P fertilization on soil inorganic P fractions, yield and nutrient uptake by wheat(CCSHAU, 2015) Panghaal, Dheeraj; Sangwan, P. S.Limited information is available on the impact of tillage and P fertilization on soil inorganic P fractions and crop yield. The study was conducted in rabi season of 2013-14 and an ongoing experiment on “Phosphorus management in wheat under different tillage practices in sequence with sorghum crop” initiated in 2011 at Soil Research Farm, Hisar was selected. Experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four replications. Three tillage treatments in main plots [(Zero tillage-ZT (Glyphosate @ 3 l ha -1 used as preplant desiccator at 10-15 days before sowing); conventional tillageCT (two cultivator + two tractor drawn harrowing followed by planking); and minimum tillage-MT (one cultivator + one tractor drawn harrowing followed by planking)] and four P treatments in subplots (0, 45, 60 and 75 kg ha -1 ) were applied in wheat. On these plots, sorghum was raised for fodder in kharif as per other package of practices. The results revealed that after three years, under tillage treatments poor improvement in soil chemical or physical properties is because of poor organic C build up in soils. For soil P fractions, results showed insignificant affect of tillage systems on inorganic soil P fractions except Saloid-P in surface, which significantly increased in ZT. Increasing levels of P application significantly increased all the inorganic soil P fractions over control and lower P levels. All inorganic P fractions were higher in the surface as compared to subsurface soil under various treatments and distribution in different fractions followed the sequence: Ca-P > Fe-P > Al-P > Saloid-P at both the depths. Calcium-P represented on an average 70.2% of total inorganic P extracted from the soil. The values for Fe-P, Al-P and Saloid-P were 15.5, 12.3 and 2.0%, respectively. All these fractions were significantly interrelated meaning thereby that the P transformation is the culmination of release processes from all the fractions and the system seemed to be dynamic. Wheat grain yield under ZT, CT and MT was statistically similar (54.10, 52.43 and 51.75 q ha -1 , respectively) but the values under ZT were superior numerically over other practices. Grain yield of wheat increased with increase in P application over control (46.10 q ha -1 ) under different tillage practices but was significant up to 60 kg P 2O5 ha -1 . Response yard stick values were higher under ZT than under MT or CT. The concentration and uptake of N, P and K by both grain and stover in wheat were significantly affected by application of P but significant differences were recorded only upto 60 kg P 2O5 ha -1 .ThesisItem Open Access Screening of wheat cultivars for zinc, iron and manganese biofortification and their partitioning(CCSHAU, 2019) Panghaal, Dheeraj; Malik, R.S.In order to screen prominent bread and durum wheat varieties for their tolerance to Zn, Fe and Mn stress a pot experiment was conducted in the screen house of Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, CCS HAU, Hisar. For this study, soil was collected from Village Balsamand, District Hisar. Before sowing, a basal application of recommended doses of N, P and K were applied using 50 mg N kg-1 soil as urea, 50 mg P kg-1 soil as potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) and 15 mg K kg-1 soil through potassium sulphate (K2SO4) in each pot. Soil was thoroughly mixed and filled in plastic pots at the rate of five kg soil per pot. In all the pots, soil was moistened with distilled water, dried and thoroughly mixed for equilibration. The pots were arranged in completely randomized block design in the screen house according to Steel and Torrie (1980). Ten viable seeds of different varieties of wheat were sown on 30th November, 2017 in each pot. Thinning was done after 30 days of sowing and four plants per pot were allowed to grow up to maturity. Pots were irrigated as and when required. For biofortification study, prominent wheat variety from both durum and bread were used in the experiment. The experiment was laid out under field condition at Research farm, Department of Soil Science.WH-1105 andWHD-943 varieties of wheat were chosen for Zn, Fe and Mn biofortification. The highest value of Zn, Fe and Mn fractions were recorded under Zn Fe and Mn treatment (basal dose @ 25 mg kg-1), (foliar spary 3 times @ 0.5 % FeSO4) and (foliar spray 3 times @ 0.5 % MnSO4), respectively over control. The maximum yield was increased in the RAJ-3765, WH-711 and RAJ-3765 respectively for bread wheat, while WH-896, WHD-948 and PDW-314, respectively for durum wheat after application of Zn, Fe and Mn fertilizers, respectively. Protein content in wheat increased with application of Zn, Fe and Mn fertilizer. There was no significant variation in harvest index in both the bread and durum wheat cultivars with application of Zn, Fe and Mn fertilizers. Zn, Fe and Mn transfer coefficient increased over control in bread and durum wheat varieties. In case of biofortification efficiency, the DTPA-Zn, Fe and Mn were increased significantly with the application of Zn, Fe and Mn fertilizers. The Zn, Fe and Mn fractions were found highest in residual Zn, Fe and Mn respectively, with the fertilizers application. The highest biofortification efficiency of Zn, Fe and Mn were recorded in WHD-943 durum wheat cultivar. Protein content in wheat grains increased with the levels of Zn, Fe and Mn application in both the wheat cultivars. The transfer coefficient of Zn, Fe and Mn increased over control in both the varieties. The Zn, Fe and Mn concentration in the roots increased from 2nd week to 10th week and then decreased up to physiological maturity of the crop in all the treatments over control.