Browsing by Author "PRAVEENA, H D"
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ThesisItem Open Access BIOCHEMICAL BASIS OF RESISTANCE TO STEM BORER (Chilo partellus) IN MAIZE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2010-07-10) PRAVEENA, H DAt present the world production of maize is 638.04 million tonnes grown in an area of about 140 million hectares. India ranks eighth in terms of production and shares about 1.85 per cent of total maize production of the world. In India, the production of maize is 15.10 million tonnes from an area of 8.30 million hectares with productivity of 19.2 quintals per hectare. Maize has considerable importance both for grain and fodder purpose. Almost every part of the plant has some kind of utility. The fodder is very nutritious and specially fed to domestic animals. The green fodder is also suitable for silage since it is rich in soluble carbohydrates. Besides, this cereal forms an important raw material for diverse products used in daily life. Products obtained are corn meal, flakes, oil, syrup, alcohol, acetic and lactic acid, glucose, gum, starches for edible and laundry purpose, adhesives, methanol, etc. Maize is attacked by more than 140 insect species causing different degrees of damage, but only about 10 species cause serious and economic damage. These infest maize from the time of sowing to harvest and even in storage places. The damage may be caused by certain insects attacking roots (rootworms, wireworms, white grubs, and seed-corn maggots), leaves (aphids, armyworm, stem borers, thrips, spider mites, and grasshoppers), stalks (stem borers, termites), ears and tassels (stem borers, earworms, adult rootworms, and armyworms) and grain during storage (grain weevils, grain borers, Indian meal moth, and the Agnomens grain moth). Insect damage can occur at any stage of maize production and storage.