Browsing by Author "Manoharan, S."
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ArticleItem Open Access Adaptation of Classical Swine Fever Virus in Cell Culture System and Confirmation by Electron Microscopy(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2017-03) Vadivoo, V.S.; Rathnapraba, S.; Ramesh, A.; Logesh, K.; Manoharan, S.; Raja, A.; Kumanan, K.; TANUVASAdaptation studies of field isolates of Classical Swine Fever (CSF) virus was carried out in Porcine Kidney (PK 15) cell line. Bulk culture of the virus at 25th passage was subjected to purifi - cation and concentration by ultracentrifugation and also con rmation by RT-PCR using NS5B primers. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies of CSF virus revealed 40-50 nm virus like particles which were surrounded by an asymmetrically arranged poorly defined sac like membrane. This was taken as confirmation for the adaptation of the CSF virus in PK 15 cell line.ArticleItem Open Access Antibiotic Resistance in Animal Pathogens - Strategies for Control(2018-12) Manoharan, S.; Priyadharshini, M. Latha Mala; TANUVASAnti-microbial Resistance, at a global level, is a major threat to human and animal health. It endangers modern human and veterinary medicine and undermines the safety of our food and the environment, Antirnicrobials including antibiotics play a critical role in the treatment of diseases of farm animals (aquatic and terrestrial).ArticleItem Open Access Antigenic Characterisation of Pasteurella multocida isolates from Rabbit-I(1995) Manoharan, S.; Jayaprakasan, V.; TANUVASArticleItem Open Access Antigenic Characterisation of Pasteurella multocida isolates from Rabbit-II(1995) Manoharan, S.; Jayaprakasan, V.; TANUVASBook chapterItem Open Access APPLICATION OF BIOINFORMATICS IN GENE CLONING AND EXPRESSION(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2009-09) Manoharan, S.; TANUVASDuring 1970’s genetic research was thrown back into gear by what at the time was described as a revolution in experimental biology. A whole new methodology was developed, enabling previously impossible experiments to be planned and carried out, if not with ease, then at least with success. These methods, referred to as recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering, and having at their core, the process of gene cloning, sparked another great age of genetics.OtherItem Open Access Assessment of Immune Status Against Rabies Virus Under Catch-Neuter-Vaccinate-Release (CNVR) Programme for Birth Control of Stray Dogs(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2012-09) Manoharan, S.; Raj, H. Pushkin; Sathyamoorthy, T.; Kulasekar, K.; Kathiresan, D.; Rao, G.D.J.; William, B. Justin; Thirunavukkarasu, M.; TANUVASArticleItem Open Access Assessment of Polymerase Chain Reaction Sensitivity for the Detection of Chicken Anaemia Virus using Different Primers for Three Genes(Veterinarski Arhiv, 2012) Anci; Manoharan, S.; Ramadass, P.; Kumanan, K.; TANUVASChicken Anaemia Virus (CAV) genes cloned plasmid DNA templates (pCR4-CAV-VP1 and pCR4 -CAVVP2&3) were used in this study to develop a sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for CAV gene detection. A total of nine sets of primers, which include one set of published primers and two sets of designed primers for each gene of CAV, viz. VP1, VP2 and VP3, were used to assess the sensitivity of PCR. The PCR cycle conditions were standardized with the designed primers to get a single, specific sized amplicon for each gene separately. PCR sensitivity assessment was done by making serial 10 fold dilutions of the cloned CAV plasmid templates and subjected to PCR with each set of primers for each gene of CAV. The highest dilution of the CAV plasmid DNA showing a visible PCR amplicon was taken as the detection limit. The results showed that the designed primer VP1.2 was found to be more sensitive for the VP1 gene and the concentration of the plasmid DNA was 0.05 fg/µL or 8.6 x10^3 molecules/mL and VP 2.2 was found to be more sensitive for the VP2 gene and the concentration of the plasmid was 5 ag/µL or 9.9 x10^2 molecules/mL. In the case of VP3, the published primer VP 3.1 was found to be more sensitive for the VP3 gene and the concentration of the plasmid was 5 x10^4 ag/µL or 10.5 x10^-2 molecules/mL. The findings of this study may be very useful for diagnostic, sequencing, cloning and expression purposes.ThesisItem Open Access Cloning and Expression of VP1 Gene of Chicken Anaemia Virus(TANUVAS, 2007) Chakravarthy, V.. Deepan; TANUVAS; Manoharan, S.; Nainar, A. Mahalinga; Purushothaman, V.OtherItem Open Access Cloning and Expression of VP1 Gene of Chicken Anaemia Virus(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2007-08) Chakravarthi, V. Deepan; Manoharan, S.; Purushothaman, V.; Ramadass, P.; Nainar, A. MahalingaArticleItem Open Access Cloning of Erns Gene of Classical Swine Fever Virus and Characterization of the Expressed Recombinant Protein in Prokaryotic System(Indian Vet. J., 2013-10) Raviprasadh, R.; Manoharan, S.; Kumanan, K.; TANUVASClassical swine fever virus Erns gene (681 bp) was cloned into pET22b vector using DH5 a cells and further expression was done by transforming into BL21 (DE3) Codon Plus RIL cells. The recombinant protein expression was conrmed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting methods using both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies in dimeric form under non-denaturing condition retaining the conformational epitopes. This could be used as a coating antigen for developing discriminatory diagnostic ELISAs for regular sero-monitoring of animals and also during outbreak situations.ArticleItem Open Access Co-culture: A Quick Approach For Isolation of Street Rabies Virus in Murine Neuroblastoma Cells(Veterinary World, 2015-05) Sasikalaveni, A.; Tirumurugaan, K.G.; Manoharan, S.; Raj, G. Dhinakar; Kumanan, K.; TANUVASBackground: Laboratory detection of rabies in most cases is based on detection of the antigen by fluorescent antibody test, however, in weak positive cases confirmative laboratory diagnosis depends on widely accepted mouse inoculation test. Cell lines like neuroblastoma have been used to isolate the virus with greater success not only to target for diagnosis, but also for molecular studies that determine the epidemiology of the circulating street rabies strains and in studies that look at the efficiency of the developed monoclonal antibodies to neutralize the different rabies strains. Due to the recent issues in obtaining ethical permission for mouse experimentation, and also the passages required in the cell lines to isolate the virus, we report herewith a co-culture protocol using the murine neuroblastoma (MNA) cells, which enable quicker isolation of street rabies virus with minimum passages. Objective: This study is not to have an alternative diagnostic assay, but an approach to produce sufficient amount of rabies virus in minimum passages by a co-culture approach in MNA cells. Materials and Methods: The MNA cells are co-cultured by topping the normal cells with infected cells every 48 h and the infectivity was followed up by performing direct fluorescent-antibody test. Results: The co-culture approach results in 100% infectivity and hence the use of live mouse for experimentation could be avoided. Conclusion: Co-culture method provides an alternative for the situations with limited sample volume and for the quicker isolation of virus which warrants the wild type strains without much modification.ThesisItem Open Access COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CELLULAR AND SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSPECIES PARATUBERCULOSIS (MAP) INFECTION IN SMALL RUMINANTS(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2017) Nareshkumar, M.; Selvaraju, G.; TANUVAS; Vijayabharathi, M.; Manoharan, S.A study was undertaken to ascertain the seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection and to evaluate the efficacy of an indigenously prepared Johnin Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) for screening of MAP infection in small ruminants. Johnin PPD was extracted from the local MAP isolate and yielded l.2mg of PPD per ml of culture. Protein profile of prepared Johnin PPD was assessed by SDS-PAGE and revealed five polypeptide bands from the range of 19 to 195kDa.ArticleItem Open Access Comparative Sequence analysis of Diagnostic PCR Amplicons from Indian Sheeppox virus(2005) Parthiban, M.; Govindarajan, R.; Manoharan, S.; Purushothaman, V.; Chandran, N. Daniel Joy; Koteeswaran, A.; TANUVASArticleItem Open Access Comparison of Fidelity of Nucleic Acid Probe with Conventional Antigen Detection Assays in Diagnosis of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus(2003) Parthiban, M.; Manoharan, S.; Meenambigai, T.V.; Chandran, N. Daniel Joy; TANUVASArticleItem Open Access Comparison of the Efficacy of Different Inactivated Infectious Hydropericardium Vaccines(2004-09) Reddy, Y. Krishnamohan; Ravikumar, G.; Manoharan, S.; Koteeswaran, A.; TANUVASThesisItem Open Access Conceptual Framework for Understanding Animal Rabies Epidemiology and Pathogenesis with Special Reference to Public Health(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2014) Bharathy, S.; TANUVAS; Gunaseelan, L.; Vijayarani, K.; Manoharan, S.This study was attempted to understand epidemiological attributes for rabies in animal population, to evaluate the efficacy of various diagnostic protocol for rabies, to analyse the seroprotection levels in canines and possible risk factors in human community for rabies. The data compiled over 3 years from 185 suspected rabid animals were analysed based on Seller’s staining, of which 125 dogs (91.2 %), 6 cats (4.4%), 5 goats (3.6%) and 1(0.7%) calf were positive. Rabies positives were encountered at a higher level in non-descript dogs (77.6%) and males comprised a larger number of rabies positives (57.6%) with the susceptible age group of 1 to 3 years. The months of February (21.9%), May (12.4%) and October (10.2%) reported greater incidence. Age, breed and sex does not had any significant effects on occurrence of rabies in animals.OtherItem Open Access Detection and Molecular Characterization of Street Rabies Viruses(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2012-09) Bhuvaneswari, S.; Manoharan, S.; Sasikalaveni, A.; Kumanan, K.; TANUVASArticleItem Open Access Detection of Fowl Adenovirus type-4 from Various tissues using different serological tests(2004-04) Manoharan, S.; Parthiban, M.; Prabhakar, T.G.; Chandran, N. Daniel Joy; Rajavelu, G.; TANUVAS