Browsing by Author "Karuppannan, Chitra"
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PresentationItem Open Access Efficacy of Teat Protect spray in prevention of bovine mastitis(2020-02) Karuppannan, Chitra; Raman, M; Suganya, S; Dhinakar Raj, G; TANUVASMastitis is one of the most economically significant diseases affecting profitability of the dairy farmer. A unique formulation named Teat Protect made up of a thick polymer base with polyherbals was developed for use as a protective spray to prevent mastitis. This formulation is biodegradable, made up of food-grade materials that form a protective covering on the udder that is easily washable. A clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of the developed Teat Protect with iodine and potassium permanganate teat dips that are commonly used in the field. The somatic cell counts (SCC), microbial counts and milk yields were compared before treatment and 30 days post-treatment in 10 crossbred cows for each group. Milk was collected from each quarter separately and tested resulting in 40 samples per group. The results for SCC indicated that there was highly significant reduction in SCC in all groups before and after treatment. However, when the treatment effects were compared between groups, Teat Protect spray had highly significant reductions while the other groups had only significant reduction as compared to the control (water washed without disinfectant) group. Similar effect was seen with the microbial counts also. Teat Protect spray resulted in a significant increase in milk production of about 0.43 litre / milking while the other two treatments did not produce any significant increase in milk production. Using SCC of 5.0 lakhs / ml of milk as cut-off for subclinical mastitis, Teat Protect could reduce the SCC from above 5.0 lakhs to below it in 100% of animals treated while the other treatments could only reduce it in 30% of animals. Hence Teat Protect spray is an additional armoury in our fight against mastitis with multi-beneficial effects as compared to existing interventions.ArticleItem Open Access Fabrication of Progesterone-Loaded Nanofibers for the Drug Delivery Applications in Bovine(2017) Karuppannan, Chitra; Sivaraj, Mehnath; Ganesh Kumar, J; Seerangan, Rangasamy; Balasubramanian, S; Gopal, Dhinakar Raj; TANUVASProgesterone is a potent drug for synchronization of the estrus and ovulation cycles in bovine. At present, the estrus cycle of bovine is controlled by the insertion of progesterone-embedded silicone bands. The disadvantage of nondegradable polymer inserts is to require for disposal of these bands after their use. The study currently focuses on preparation of biodegradable progesterone-incorporated nanofiber for estrus synchronization. Three different concentrations (1.2, 1.9, and 2.5 g) of progesterone-impregnated nanofibers were fabricated using electrospinning. The spun membrane were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Uniform surface morphology, narrow size distribution, and interaction between progesterone and zein were confirmed by SEM. FTIR spectroscopy indicated miscibility and interaction between zein and progesterone. X-ray analysis indicated that the size of zein crystallites increased with progesterone content in nanofibers. Significant differences in thermal behavior of progesterone-impregnated nanofiber were observed by DSC. Cell viability studies of progesterone-loaded nanofiber were examined using MTT assay. In vitro release experiment is to identify the suitable progesterone concentration for estrus synchronization. This study confirms that progesterone-impregnated nanofibers are an ideal vehicle for progesterone delivery for estrus synchronization of bovines.ArticleItem Open Access Fabrication of Progesterone-Loaded Nanofibers for the Drug Delivery Applications in Bovine(2017) Karuppannan, Chitra; Sivaraj, Mehnath; Ganesh Kumar, J; Seerangan, Rangasamy; Balasubramanian, S; Gopal, Dhinakar Raj; TANUVASProgesterone is a potent drug for synchronization of the estrus and ovulation cycles in bovine. At present, the estrus cycle of bovine is controlled by the insertion of progesteroneembedded silicone bands. The disadvantage of nondegradable polymer inserts is to require for disposal of these bands after their use The study currently focuses on preparation of biodegradable progesteroneincorporated nanofiber for estrus synchronization. Three different concentrations (i.2, 1.9, and 2.5 g) of progesterone-impregnated nanofibers were fabricated using electrospinning. The spun membrane were characterized by scanning electron microscopy.