Browsing by Author "Karthikeyan, SMK"
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PresentationItem Open Access Association of myostatin gene with on-field sporting performance (Jallikattu) of indigenous cattle breeds (Bos indicus) of Tamil Nadu(2020-02) Priyadharsini, R; Gopinathan, A; Karthikeyan, SMK; Richard Jagatheesan; TANUVASNow-a-days, sports genomics is a new emerging field to identify the candidate genes with known biological utility, directly or indirectly regulating the developmental processes of the sporting traits in domestic animals intended for sporting events globally. Blood samples were collected from sporting bulls (n=261) in Madurai, Trichy and Pudhukottai districts of Tamil Nadu for isolation of genomic DNA. A total of 13 overlapping sets of primers were generated for PCR amplification of Myostatin gene including its promotor region for molecular characterization. On comparison with Bos taurus sequence, two variations were detected in exon 1 and these variations were found to be synonymous mutations. The exon 2 became a highly homologous and conserved region. The third exon had two variations which were also synonymous. The intron 1 region was found to have 12 types of single base pair variations; two single base pair insertions; and 16 bp and 12 bp insertions. Twenty single base pair variations and one ‘T’ insertion were observed in intron 2 regions. There were nine types of variations found in the promotor region and the binding sites for transcription factors at SNP positions of -1052 and -644 were identified as Oct-1 and COMP-1 respectively. Genotyping of SNP at position -644 revealed the predominance of genotype CC with the estimated frequencies of 0.81, 0.69, 1.00 and 0.80 in Pulikulam, Kangayam, Umblachery and non-descript bulls, respectively. The genotypes (CC, CT and TT) were not associated with the velocity, stride length, time spent within the boundary of bull tamers and time taken to get tamed. But, TT genotype had higher mean velocity and highest time spent within boundary of bull tamers and CC genotype had higher stride length. In conclusion, it could be inferred that the MSTN gene would be used as a marker for sporting traits, but it needs extensive study with respect to association with androgen receptor in sporting bulls.ArticleItem Open Access Krishna Valley cattle in India: status, characteristics and utility(2006) Karthikeyan, SMK; Saravanan, R; Thangaraju, P; TANUVASThe Krishna Valley breed of cattle is a draught breed able to withstand extremely hot, humid climatic conditions and which has the capacity to undertake heavy work in the black cotton soil in the valleys of the Krishna river in India. Their home tract is restricted to a few taluks (divisions within a district) of the northern parts of Karnataka. The distinguishing morphological features of the breed are the presence of a black-coloured muzzle and black shades dispersed over the body with the lower half of the scrotum also being black in colour. The average values for height, body length and chest girth are 116.4±1.2, 128.4±2.0 and 144.7±2.0 cm in cows; and 150.5±0.5, 146.0±3.0 and 191.0±1.0 cm in bullocks, respectively. The cytogenetic investigation revealed the normal characteristics of cattle chromosomes (2n=60). The microsatellite alleles occurred at frequencies of 0.0208 (ILSTS005) to 0.7604 (ETH152) with the polymorphism information content (PIC) values in the range of 0.3856 (ETH152) to 0.7725 (ILSTS034). The breed has a relatively long productive life as the number of calvings can go up to twelve. As the number of animals of this breed remaining is only in the order of a few hundred, conservation measures are to be taken to avoid the extinction of this valuable germplasm.ArticleItem Open Access On-field sporting traits and behaviour of indigenous cattle breeds in sporting events (jallikattu) of Tamil Nadu(2019-12) Priyadharshini, R; Gopinathan, A; Karthikeyan, SMK; Richard Jagatheesan, PN; TANUVASThe on-field sporting traits and behaviours in bull baiting (jallikattu) were recorded in 857 sporting bulls in Madurai and Trichy districts. The overall mean velocity, stride length, time spent within the boundary of fighters and time taken to get tamed of the sporting bulls were 11.77±0.17 m/s, 7.07±0.09 m, 12.76±0.51 sec and 4.90±0.22 sec respectively. Overall on-field sporting behaviours like laterality, hooking, jumping, kicking and agonistic behaviour were 30%, 16.8%, 24.9%, 15.3% and 10.50% respectively. The event of winning and losing, and place of event had highly significant effects on velocity of sporting bulls. Place of event was found to affect the stride length significantly. There was a highly significant effect on laterality, hooking and agonistic behaviour among the winning and losing bulls. Presence or absence of hooking behaviour had highly significant effect and it was more prominent in winning (19.3%) than in losing (11%) bulls.ArticleItem Open Access Sequence characterization and screening for polymorphism in thecaspase recruitment domain 15 gene of goat (Capra hircus)(2016) Remi Treasa, Eugine; Ann Mary, B; Thirumurugaan, KG; Dhinakar Raj, G; Karthikeyan, SMK; Rajendran, R; TANUVAStThe NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are a group of intracellular germline encoded innate immune receptorsthat recognize conserved microbial structures in various invasive pathogens. Atleast 23 different NLRshave been identified with CARD15 being the major NLR playing an important role in the co-ordinationof adaptive immune response induced by the CARD15 agonist Muramyl dipeptide (MDP). CARD15 hasbeen reported to confer resistance or susceptibility to Crohn’s disease in humans and Johne’s disease inanimals. We amplified and sequenced the major region of the CARD15 gene (3042 bp) from three nativegoat breeds (Barbari, Tellicherry and Kanni), screened for polymorphisms and correlated the expressionlevels of MDP induced CARD15 mRNA and downstream cytokines with that of the polymorphisms. Thedifferent exons that contribute to the LRR domain of the CARD15 gene were screened from a 3 breed panelwith twenty un-related animals each. Four polymorphisms were located in the coding region of the gene(one each in exon 5 and 10 and two in exon 6) and one in the non-coding region of the gene (Intron 5–6).Two nonsynonymous substitutions R2441H (in Barbari and Tellicherry) and A2492G (in Tellicherry andKanni) were observed in exons 5 and 6 respectively.ArticleItem Open Access Traditiional technologies in the improvement of breeds of livestock in Tamil Nadu(2005-07) Karthikeyan, SMK; Gajendran, K; TANUVASAnimal husbandry has been practiced in India since time immemorial. Among different species of livestock kept by farmers, cattle and buffaloes are maintained by maximum numbers in varying combinations.ArticleItem Open Access VALIDATION STUDY ON ETHNO VETERINARY MEDICINES USED FOR WOUND TREATMENT IN BACKYARD POULTRY(2019) Devaki, K; Mathialagan, P; Kumaravel, P; Karthikeyan, SMK; TANUVASThis study aimed to validate the prevailing EVMs along with Modern Veterinary Drug (MVD) in the treatment of commonly occurring wound among backyard poultry. Tirunelveli, Namakkal, Vellore and Thiruppur districts were selected for the study based on the highest livestock population. Data were collected personally through a well structured and pre-tested interview schedule. A sample of 10 farmers was interviewed through structured interview schedule in each district constituting the sample size of 40 in order to document the different EVM alternatives and to validate the same. With regard to quickness in healing, EVM-1(Aloe vera and turmeric application over the wound) with mean score of 8.15 was rated superior than EVM-2 (turmeric and neem oil applied over the wound) and MVD. In terms of availability, both the EVMs were rated better than MVD.