Browsing by Author "ANJALI"
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
Results Per Page
Sort Options
ThesisItem Open Access AN ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF JOGINDRA CENTRAL CO-OPERATIVE BANK HEAD OFFICE, SOLAN (H.P.)(DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT COLLGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 2004) ANJALI; CHONKROKTA, NEENAThesisItem Open Access CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF COMPUNDS CONTAINING CARBON-NITROGEN DOUBLE BOND(PUNJAB AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY; LUDHIANA, 2009) ANJALI; RAI, MANGAT10042017_0004_0009_Abstract.pdfThesisItem Open Access COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGICAL AND study ofin Deccani sheep and badri Goat(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2016) ANJALILivestock sector is an important subsector of Indian agriculture and occupies a very important place in the socio-economic development of the country.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic Diversity Analysis in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L. czern and coss) through D2 and SSR marker(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021-09) ANJALI; Dr. Mukesh KumarABSTRACT Name : Anjali Id. No. : 4844 Major : Genetics and Plant Breeding Degree : M.Sc (Ag.) Minor : Ag. Biotechnology Department : Genetics and Plant Breeding Advisor : Dr. Mukesh Kumar Thesis title : "Genetic Diversity Analysis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss) through D2 and SSR markers" The present investigation was carried out to analyze the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation, path analysis and genetic divergence for 12 quantitative traits. All the 45 genotypes were grown in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The observations were recorded on three randomly selected plants from each genotype in each replication for the twelve characters viz. days to 50% flowering, seed filling period, days to maturity, length of main shoot, number of pods on main shoot, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, plant height, number of seeds per pod, grain yield per plant, test weight and oil content. All the genotypes exhibited highly significant difference for all the traits under study. The high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed for number of secondary branches per plant, grain yield per plant and number of primary branches per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance observed for number of secondary branches per plant, grain yield per plant, number of primary branches per plant, length of main shoot, plant height, number of pods on main shoot, days to 50% flowering, test weight and number of seeds per pod. Hence direct selection of genotypes can be done through these characters for further improvement of genotypes of Indian mustard. In general, the genotypic correlation coefficient values were higher than the phenotypic values. Grain yield per plant had highly significant positive correlation with plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, length of main shoot, number of pods on main shoot, number of primary branches per plant and days to 50% flowering at both genotypic and phenotypic level, such association was noticed indicating less influence of environment on association. Hence, improvement of grain yield per plant can be achieved by improvement of these characters. Among the various traits studied, plant height, number of secondary branches per plant and number of seeds per pod had high positive direct effect at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. This indicated that these characters are most contributing towards grain yield per plant which can be easily improved by selection. Five clusters were formed by D2 analysis using 12 quantitative traits. The clustering pattern is suggestive of the fact that geographic diversity is not efficient index of genetic diversity. Out of the five clusters, cluster IV was found as a largest cluster with a total number of 14 genotypes under this cluster followed by cluster V with 11 genotypes, cluster III have eight genotypes, cluster II have 7 genotypes and 5 genotypes in cluster I. The maximum intra cluster distance was recorded in cluster III and lowest intra cluster distance was recorded for cluster IV. The maximum inter cluster distance was revealed between cluster II and III and minimum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster IV and V. Nine primers amplified a total of 20 alleles, with an average of 2.2 alleles per primer. Each locus contained a maximum of four alleles and a minimum of one allele (BG50) (BG1). Primer BG109 had the greatest Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value of 0.95, while primer BG12 had the lowest at 0.6. The average PIC value of all polymorphic primers was 0.66. The average resolving power (RP) is 1.856, with a minimum of 0.05 (BG109) and a maximum of 0.54 (BG50), followed by BG45 (0.53), BG92 (0.42), and BG1 (0.42). The range of similarity coefficients was found between 0.3 to 1. Based on Jaccard’s coefficient of similarity values, among all combinations, the smallest GS value of 0.3 was observed between RH749 and KMR-15-1 which appears to be most distantly related the maximum similarity (1) was reported between 18 genotypes. By conducting D² analysis as well as molecular profiling of genotypes using SSR markers, there was sufficient diversity among the genotypes that was used for study. The genotypes which exhibited low diversity at phenotypic level, also exhibited higher diversity at molecular level. For instance, the genotypes KMR-15-2, KMR-15-1 and KMR-17-4 were grouped together in cluster IV, indicating morphological similarity among themselves. Whereas, same genotypes were present in different clusters at molecular level. Many genotypes which were distributed in different clusters at morphological level were grouped into the same clusters at molecular level indicating higher degree of genetic similarity at molecular level. (Dr. Mukesh Kumar) (Anjali) Advisor AuthorThesisItem Open Access IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF A BIOTYPE OF CRAB APPLE [MALUS BACCATA (LINN.) BORKH. (SHILLONG)](UHF,NAUNI, 2019-02) ANJALI; MODGIL, MANJUABSTRACT The present studies were made to establish and proliferate shoots using axillary buds as explants during in vitro propagation of crab apple biotype Shillong. Shoot cuttings were collected in different months of the year from trees growing at the Dhanda farm of the Regional Research Station of IARI, Shimla (H.P.). Surface sterilization with 1.0% NaOCl for 20 mins was found more effective as compared to higher concentrations. Rinsing of phenols in liquid MS medium containing PVP (1g/l) and AC (1g/l) was found essential for explants survival and successful establishment of buds. The explants of 1-1.5cm size resulted in medium phenol intensity and maximum bud break (6.67%). MS medium supplemented with 2mg/l BA, 0.5 mg/l GA3 and 0.1 mg/l IBA resulted in maximum bud break of 40.13% and bud survival of 19.66% after 1st subculture when buds were collected in April month. However, some of the proliferated shoots did not grow further which may be due to the internal contamination of bacteria. These shoots turned brown and became necrotic. Shoots did not induce multiple/axillary shoots in four combinations of growth regulators. Addition of appropriate antibiotics in culture medium to inhibit the bacterial growth or meristem culture may be used in fuThesisItem Open Access Synthesis, Characterization and biological activity of 4 aminoquinoline 1, 2, 4 triazole conjugated Benzothiazole Derivatives(Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences SAM HIGGINBOTTOM UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCES (FORMERLY ALLAHABAD AGRICULTURE INSTITUTE) ALLAHABAD-211007 2018, 2018) ANJALI; Gupta, Dr. Pushpraj S.Increasing bacterial resistance is concomitant with the volume of antibiotic consumed, as well as missing doses when taking antibiotics. Inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics has been credited to a number of cases of drug resistance. To conquer drug resistance the discovery of new derivatives are obligatory as preexisting drugs are now less affective, most drugs existing presently at the market are varied heterocyclic compounds, amongst these compounds the five-membered heterocycles represent a broad and differentiated group with extensive range of biological activity. The current generations drugs necessitate definite variation to improve efficacy and to conquer multiple drug resistance. From literature survey it was proved that aminoquinoline, triazole and benzothiazole rings are present in antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. The presented work explores synthesis, characterization and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of new heterocyclic compounds bearing quinoline derivatives having Benzothiazole and 1,2,4 triazole nucleus. Structures were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, Elemental analysis, Mass spectral analytical studies. Method: A series of derivatives of 4-(Substituted Benzothiazol-2-ylamino)-5-[2-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-ylamino)-ethylamino] Substituted methyl-2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4] triazole-3-thione (4a-4k,5a-5k,6a-6k) were synthesized via three major step protocol. In the first major step formation of 4-Amino-5-[2-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-ylamino)-ethylamino]-4H-[1,2,4] triazole-3-thiol take place via five series of reaction where at first step 4,7-dichloroquinoline react with 1,3-diamino propane however second step involve reaction between derivative (1a) with phenyl chloroformate in presence of triethylamine leads to the formation of 1-[2-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-ylamino)-ethyl]-carbamic acid phenyl ester (1b) . Formation of N-{2-[(7-chloro quinolin-4 yl) amino] ethyl} hydrazine carboxamide (1c) achieved in third step where hydrazine monohydrate react with compound 3 using methanol as solvent further forth step involve potassium dithiocarbazinate (1d) synthesis where derivative 1c reacted with KOH and carbon disulfide using ethanol as solvent. Fifth synthetic protocol involve synthesis of 4-amino-5-[2-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-ylamino)-ethyl amino]-4H-[1,2,4]triazole-3-thiol (1e) where derivative (1d) unite with hydrazine hydrate. The second major step formation of 2-Chloro-substituted Benzothiazole (2b) via two step reaction involving the substituted aniline with ammonium thiocyanate followed by bromination in the presence of glacial acetic acid leads to formation of Substituted benzothiazol-2-yl amine (2a), Further it is reacted with sodium nitrite in the solution of phosphoric acid followed by addition of brine solution and copper sulphate solution. The third major step involve the formation of 4-(Substituted Benzothiazol-2-ylamino)5-[2-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-ylamino)-ethylamino]-2substituted methyl-2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4] triazole-3-thione(4) via formation of 4 (Substituted Benzothiazol-2-ylamino)-5-[2-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-ylamino)-ethyl amino]-4H-[1,2,4]triazole-3-thiol (3) where 2b reacts with 1e in the presence of equimolar amount of the 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution. Synthesized derivatives (4a-4k, 5a-5k, 6a-6k) were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Antimicrobial activity tested by agar disc diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration against gram positive (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Escherichia. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Candila albicans, Aspergillus clavatus. Synthesized derivatives 4i,4j,5a,5b,5c,5d,5e,6f,6j showed higher zone of inhibition and low MIC against given microbes compared with standard drug Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole at different dilutions. The statistical analysis of data was done by using SPSS Trial version 20 and Microsoft Excel 2013 to correlate the MIC and Zone of Inhibition. The vivo pharmacological activity evaluation includes anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method and analgesic activity by Tail flick method and hot plate method. The statistical analysis of data was done by using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test using Graph Pad Instant software. The synthesized derivatives 4b having piperazine ring while 5k having 2-Methyl aniline nucleus and compound 5c having thiourea nucleus showed more than 50% paw edema inhibition at 100mg/Kg dose for 3 hours and 4 hours respectively compared to standard drug Meloxicam at 13.5 mg/Kg orally. Analgesic activity evaluation by tail flick model measured at 0 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h and 4 h for all test groups (150 mg/kg orally) compared with standard drug Diclofenac sodium by digital analgesiometer. Study showed that among all synthesized derivatives, the compounds 4e, 5e, 6e emerged as most potent analogues indicating the significant role of acetamide group in analgesic activity while synthesized compound having thioacetamide (6d) and 4-Bromo aniline (6g) in fluorine substituted benzothiazole showed improved antinociceptive activity in tail flick response. Compounds 4b, 4g, 5b, 6e, 6k exhibited significant activity by increasing the time of response of paw linking and jumping when compared with standard drug Diclofenac sodium (1mg/Kg b.wt.) in hot plate method.