Physiological and biochemical responses to low temperature in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
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Date
2013
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The effects of low temperature on morpho-physiological traits, antioxidant defense
mechanism and protein profile (SDS-PAGE) in three chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes i.e.
ICCV88503, ICCV96029 and H08-28 differing in their sensitivity to low temperature (<5
o
C) was
investigated under field conditions. Sampling was done 4 days after exposure (DAE) to low
temperature (<5
o
C) and control (>5
o
C). The water potential (Ψ
w) of leaf and osmotic potential (Ψ
s
) of
leaf decreases in all the three genotypes. ICCV88503 showed more negative values Ψ
w of leaf i.e. from
-0.69 to -0.88 MPa as compared to -0.66 to -0.84MPa in ICCV96029 and -0.64 to -0.83 in H08-28,
respectively. The Ψ
s of leaf decreased from -1.78 to -2.06 MPa in ICCV88503 and -1.59 to -2.03 MPa
in ICCV96029 and -1.11 to -1.49 MPa in H08-28 after 4 days exposure to low temperature (<5
o
C).
The proline content of leaf increased significantly from 67.24% in ICCV88503 followed by 44.14% in
ICCV96029 and 35.28% in H08-28 as compared to control. Similar increasing trends was observed in
the total soluble carbohydrate (TSC) content at 4 DAE (<5
o
C). A marked increase in hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2
), lipid peroxidation (MDA) content and relative stress injury (RSI %) was noticed in
leaf which was higher in ICCV88503 followed by ICCV96029 and H08-28. More negative values of
Ψw of leaf, Ψ
s
of leaf better accumulation of osmotically active solutes, i.e. Proline and TSC in leaf of
ICCV88503 helped in maintaining the higher RWC % of these organs than noticed in ICCV96029 and
H08-28. ROS scavenging enzyme of leaves i.e. SOD, CAT and POX specific activity increased
maximum in ICCV88503 followed by ICCV96029 and H08-28 after 4 days exposure to low
temperature (<5
o
C) as compared to control (>5
o
C). Higher specific activities of antioxidant enzymes,
lower accumulation H
2O2
and MDA content in ICCV88503 than ICCV96029 and H08-28, indicated
that these enzymes play a key role in removal of ROS in ICCV88503 better than other two genotypes
ICCV96029 and H08-28, thus minimizing the cellular damage caused by ROS under low temperature.
Pollen viability (%), in vivo pollen germination and tube growth were also adversely affected with
increasing exposure to low temperature (<5
o
C) and the effect being most pronounced in H08-28. SDSPAGE revealed more deletion of polypeptide bands in H08-28 than ICCV96029 and ICCV88503 with
increasing exposure to low temperature (<5
o
C) as compared to control (>5
o
C) in leaf. The yield
parameters like number of pods plant
-1
, number of seeds plant
-1
, 100 seed weight and seed weight
plant
-1
decreased more in H08-28 in early sown condition. Hence, the mechanism of cold tolerance was
better in ICCV88503 as compared to ICCV96029 and H08-28 as found from physiological and
biochemical traits studied.
Description
Keywords
Osmotic potential, proline, Hydrogen peroxide, relative stress injury, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant, SDS-PAGE, seed yield.