Heterosis and Combining ability studies in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
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Date
2010
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PAU
Abstract
Eighteen genotypes of pea were selected and crossed in line x tester fashion using fifteen females and three males during November 2007. Forty-five hybrids along with eighteen parents were grown at the Vegetable Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during Nov, 2008. Significant mean squares due to lines, testers, hybrids, line x tester and parents vs. hybrids were observed for all the characters. The ratio of 2 sca/2 gca was more than unity in number of seeds per pod, nod at which first pod developed and for 100 seed weight, indicating non-additive gene action, while additive gene action was important for pod length, number of pods per plant, green pod yield, shelling percentage and crude protein. Among the females, ARKEL was found to be the best general combiner for days taken to 50% flowering, node at which first flower appears, and days taken to maturity. JP-501A/2 was found to be good combiner for pod length and number of pods per plant. Among the males, C-96 was good combiner for days taken to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, node at which 1st flower appears, pod length, shelling percentage, 100 seed weight and alcohol insoluble matter. The line C-400 found to be the best combiner for number of pods per plant, green pod yield and crude protein. The cross P1 x C-400 exhibited highest and significant sca effect for days taken to 50 % flowering and crude protein, KS-268 x PB- 89 for plant height and alcohol insoluble matter. ARKEL x PB- 89 for node at which first flower appears, C-308 x PB- 89 for pod length and ARKEL x C- 400 for number of pods per plant, P2 x PB- 89 for shelling percentage. The best heterotic combination for days taken to 50 % flowering was P1 x C- 400, days taken to maturity was ARKEL x C- 96, C- 308 x C- 400 for plant height, JM- 5 x C-96 for shelling percentage, MA- 6 x PB- 89 for node at which first flower appears, MA-6 x C- 96 for number of pods per plant, MA- 6 x C- 400 for pod length. The best heterotic combination for days taken to 50 % flowering was P1 x C- 400, days taken to maturity was ARKEL x C- 96, C- 308 x C- 400 for plant height, JM- 5 x C-96 for shelling percentage, MA- 6 x PB- 89 for node at which first flower appears, MA-6 x C- 96 for number of pods per plant, MA- 6 x C- 400 for pod length, PB- 88 x PB- 89 for number of grains per pod and KS- 268 x C- 400 for green pod yield, AP1 x C- 96 for crude protein and PMR- 19 x PB- 89 for alcohol insoluble matter. These can be utilized for further breeding programmes
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