OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE Meloidogyne incognita IN PATCHOULI Pogostemon cablin
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Date
2016-07
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AAU, Jorhat
Abstract
Patchouli [Pogostemon cablin (Blanco)] is an important aromatic plant belonging to family Lamiaceae, is a native of Philippines (Arpana et al., 2008). It is grown wild in Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore and few other countries. Owing to high demand of its essential oil many countries have domesticated this crop. It has multiple uses, it is used in cosmetics, breath fresheners, flavouring baked foods, meat, sausages, etc. Patchouli is very susceptible to root -knot nematode and wilt causing pathogens. In moist and wet weather condition root knot infestation is high in plants which may lead to wilting of plant and kill the plant within 2-3 days due to secondary infection by fungal and bacterial pathogens. The study on “Occurrence and distribution of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in patchouli Pogostemon cablin” was carried out in the year 2014 -2016, in Golaghat, Nagaon, Jorhat and Sonitpur districts by conducting a survey programme. A total of 123 samples were collected randomly from the four districts. Root-knot infestation was recorded in most of the fields covering the four districts. Root and soil samples were found to be heavily infested by root-knot nematode. The maximum frequency was recorded in Nagaon districts i.e. 38.88 per cent whereas minimum frequency of 21.87 per cent was recorded in Golaghat district. Many fungal pathogens were found to be associated with most of the root-knot infested plants. In the present investigation, three fungal pathogens were found to be associated with root-knot infested plants. They are Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia solani and Cercospora sp. It has been observed that the patchouli plants are also infested by different insect pests like leaf roller and grass hopper. These insect pests are voracious eater and almost eat up the green foliage leading to defoliation and heavy yield loss.