Crossability pattern and genetic variation among F1 of Moringa oleifera Lam.
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Date
2023
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
The present study was carried out to assess the crossability behaviour followed by genetic variation studies among F1 hybrids and open pollinated progenies of Moringa oleifera seed sources in the Department of Forestry & N.R., PAU, Ludhiana during 2021-22. Seed sources (S12 and S11) were reported to initiate bud initiation and flower initiation events earlier than other sources. Source S12 was observed best among M. oleifera seed sources due to having more petal length. The optimum timing of anther dehiscence was in between 6:00 am in morning hours and up to 12:00 pm in afternoon. Source S7 showed maximum pollen viability (~92%) and maximum pollen size (~36.12×33.92µm). Crosses were made among seed sources S1, S3, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, and S12. The maximum numbers of successful crosses were 10 in S7×S1 cross followed 3 in S7×S8 cross. The highest percent successful crosses (20 %) were observed in the crosses S7×S1. Only (3.07%) crosses were successfully developed fruits/pods. Cross H2 showed maximum pod length, pod width, number of seed per pod, seed weight per pod, and H5 had the maximum day taken for seed maturity. Crosses made among H2 produced more seed weight of 100 seeds (22.36 g) and S11 showed maximum seed weight (31.00 g) in the open-pollinated seed sources. Cross H2 showed maximum germination and survival percentage. However, seeds of the H6 cross were not germinated and in open-pollinated, source S7 showed maximum germination and survival percentage. Crosses made among H2 produced more seedling height, collar diameter, leaf width, petiole length, number of pinnae. Source S12 had the greatest seedling height among the seed sources. In Hybrid, maximum total dry matter in H3; ash content in H1, crude protein and fibre in H2, crude fat in H1, carbohydrates in H4, total energy value in H3; chlorophyll in H1, total soluble sugars in H2, carotenoids in H1, while, in open-pollinated progenies, maximum dry matter in S8; ash in S11, protein in S1, fibre in S7, fat in S13, carbohydrate in S9, total energy value in S13; chlorophyll in S1, soluble sugars in S10 and carotenoids in S11. Only two hybrid progenies of crosses H1 and H2 showed higher economic heterosis for a majority of traits. Majority of nursery and seedling traits had positive significance, and nutritional and physiological traits had negative significant correlation.
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Kamboj, Rohit (2023). Crossability pattern and genetic variation among F1 of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.