Pathological Studies on Bovine Pneumonia with Special Reference to Bovine Parainfluenza Virus 3 Infection
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Date
2024-03-02
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MAFSU, Nagpur
Abstract
Bovine pneumonia is a considerable ailment that profoundly affects
the livestock sector and great impact on mortality of animal. The primary
objective of the present investigation was to examine the occurrence of bovine
pneumonia in the Akola district, along with the associated pathomorphology
caused by a specific pathogen Bovine parainfluenza virus 3. Out of total 1410
animals, 1230 carcasses were inspected for any pulmonary lesion and 180
animals were screened for any respiratory signs during April 2023 to
December 2023, 325 bovine carcasses showing pneumonic lesions were collected for pathological and molecular studies. Grossly, lung displayed
cranio-ventral consolidation, either red or grey hepatisation with firm to
rubbery consistency and exudate varied from frothy to mucupurulent in
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. The cranioventral segment
exhibited frequent consolidation in the right cranial lobe. The incidence of
bovine pneumonia in Akola district was 26.42% (325/1230). On
histopathological examination interstitial pneumonia (29.84%, 97/325) had
more occurrence followed by bronchopneumonia (21.84%, 71/325),
bronchointerstitial pneumonia (5.53%, 18/325), granulomatous pneumonia
(2.46%, 8/325). As bronchopneumonia further classified as suppurative
bronchopneumonia (17.53%, 57/325) and fibrinous bronchopneumonia
(4.30%, 14/325). The incidence of pulmonary hydatidosis was (10.65%,
131/1230). The total 254 sample examined for bovine parainfluenza virus 3
by PCR with specific primers (328bp). The incidence of bovine parainfluenza
was 5.51%. The BPIV-3 positive cases had acute bronchointerstitial
pneumonia (04), suppurative bronchopneumonia (01), fibrinous
bronchopneumonia (02) and interstitial pneumonia (03). On phylogenetic
analysis, All four isolates of the current study were homologous to each other
and closely related to the Asian BPIV-3 isolates from Japan and China and
distantly related to the isolates from USA. The present study indicated
26.42% occurrence of bovine pneumonia and 5.51% incidence of bovine
parainfluenza virus 3 in Akola district.