Growth and productivity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] as influenced by nitrogen application at different stages
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Date
2018
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The investigation entitled “Growth and productivity of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] as influenced by nitrogen application at different stages” was conducted at Pulses Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics PAU, Ludhiana and Regional Research Station, Faridkot during kharif 2017. The soil of experimental site at Ludhiana was loamy sand with low organic carbon and available nitrogen, high available phosphorus and medium available potassium. Whereas, at Faridkot, soil texture was loam with medium organic carbon, low available nitrogen, medium available phosphorus and high available potassium. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design replicated four times using soybean variety SL 958. The experiments were sown on 9 June and 14 June, 2017 at Ludhiana and Faridkot, respectively. The experiment consisted of ten treatments comprising, control, seed inoculation (SI) with Bradyrhizobium sp., recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) (39 kg ha-1), RDN + SI, SI + 15 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 15 kg N ha-1 at flower initiation (FI), SI + 10 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 10 kg N ha-1 (FI) + 10 kg N ha-1 at pod initiation (PI), SI + 40 kg N ha-1 at sowing, SI + 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 20 kg N ha-1 (FI), SI + 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 10 kg N ha-1 (FI) + 10 kg N ha-1 (PI), RDN + SI + 2% urea spray at 60 and 75 days after sowing (DAS) at flowering and podding stages. The results revealed that treatment of SI + 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 10 kg N ha-1 (FI) + 10 kg N ha-1 (PI) recorded the highest seed yield of 2468 and 2212 kg ha-1 at Ludhiana and Faridkot, respectively. Treatment of SI + 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 10 kg N ha-1 (FI) + 10 kg N ha-1 (PI) improved growth parameters like dry matter accumulation, LAI which was reflected in higher seed yield. The symbiotic parameters (nodule count, nodule dry weight and leghaemoglobin) were maximum in SI + 40 kg N ha-1 at sowing which was however, statistically at par with SI + 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 10 kg N ha-1 (FI) + 10 kg N ha-1 (PI). The application of nitrogen at flowering and pod initiation stages also improved the nutrient uptake and protein content of the crop. Treatment of SI + 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 10 kg N ha-1 (FI) + 10 kg N ha-1 (PI) also gave significantly higher net returns and B:C ratio. Therefore, it can be concluded that growth and productivity of soybean improved with application of nitrogen at reproductive stages as SI + 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing + 10 kg N ha-1 (FI) + 10 kg N ha-1 (PI) and provided high net returns and B:C ratio.
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