Efficacy of capsicum oleoresin and red chilli powder as aversive agents against house rat, Rattus rattus
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Date
2017
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Present study was conducted to evaluate the aversive effect of red chilli powder and capsicum oleoresin against house rat, Rattus rattus. In the laboratory, R. rattus were fed on cereal based bait containing red chilli powder (1, 2 and 3%), capsicum oleoresin (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and pure capsaicin (0.01 and 0.03%) in bi-choice tests. Significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher antifeedant effect was observed with 2 and 3% red chilli powder, 0.3 and 0.5% capsicum oleoresin and 0.03% pure capsaicin. Biochemical studies revealed a significant increase in plasma levels of total proteins, ACP, ALP and LDH and a significant decrease in tissue levels of total lipids, cholesterol and phospholipids in rats treated with 1and 2% red chilli powder and 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% capsicum oleoresin. Histological studies revealed deleterious effects in liver, stomach, small intestine and tongue of treated rats. Histo-enzymological studies revealed loss of activity of ALP, LDH, SDH, GLD and G-6-PD enzymes in liver, stomach and small intestine. Histochemical studies indicated slight decrease in carbohydrate, lipid and phospholipids content in liver, stomach and small intestine of treated rats. Experiments in laboratory and poultry farms revealed increase in acceptance of rodenticide baits in the presence of these aversive agents. Maze experiments and those under simulated store conditions revealed aversive effect of 2% red chilli powder and 0.3% capsicum oleoresin and their role in reducing damage by rats. Present study suggests the use of 2% red chilli powder and 0.3% capsicum oleoresin as part of integrated rodent pest management programme.
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