Genetic divergence and path analysis for yield and its component traits in rice
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Date
2012
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
Forty-nine rice genotypes belonging to different maturity group and genetic background (basmati,
non-basmati and hybrids) were evaluated in RBD with three replications at the experimental farm of the Rice
Research Station, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Kaul during the kharifseason of 2010 for variability,
genetic divergence, correlation and path coefficient analysis. The plot size was kept at 1.5 x 0.2 x 3 sq m. The
data were recorded on 5 randomly selected plants per genotype per replication for 15 traits viz., grain yield
(GY), days to flowering (DTF),days to maturity(DTM), plant height (PHT), effective tillers per plant (T/PT),
panicle length (PLTH), panicle weight (PWT), number of spikelets per panicle (S/PAN), per cent filled
spikelets (FSPK), test weight (TWT), biological yield per plant (BYD), harvest index(HI), hulling per cent
(H%), milling per cent (M%) and head rice recovery (HRR). The analysis of variance revealed significant
differences among the genotypes for all the characters.
The results revealed that the PCV and GCV were higher for GY, PW and HI and moderate for
S/PAN, B. YD, P HT, FSPK and TWT.Heritability estimates were high for DTF, P HT, P WT, S/PAN, FSPK,
TWT, HI and H% while moderate for DTM, P LTH, BYD and GY. High heritability with high genetic
advance was observed for PH and S/PAN while high heritability with moderate genetic advance forFSPK and
HI. The correlation coefficient analysis indicated that grain yield was positively and significantly associated
with PWT, S/PAN, FSPK, TWT, BYD, HI, H%, M% and HRR.PWT had the highest indirect effect via HI
(0.656) and by its direct effect (0.168) contributed maximum towards grain yield.
The genetic dissimilarity measurement using generalized Mahalanobis distances (D2) indicated that
the genotypes with greater dissimilarity were HKR-07-36 and Pusa Basmati-1. The D2values ranged from
5.04 to 959.43. The genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters. Cluster V was the largest cluster comprised of 12
genotypes followed by Cluster II with 11 genotypes. The intra-cluster distances ranged from 9.29 (Cluster III)
to 3.51 (Cluster II). Character-wise PH with 32.31% contribution had maximum share to the total
divergence.Based on inter-cluster distance the most divergent clusters were III and VI followed by Clusters II
and III and Clusters I and III suggesting wide diversity between them. Accordingly based on inter cluster
distances the following genotypes were identified those could be hybridized for further improvement for
grain yield IR-79584 x HKR 06-34, IR 76939 x HKR 04-487; for HI- HKR 06-47 X HKR 06-34; for
maturity- HKR 06-47 X PUSA BASMATI-1; for TWT- HKR 06-47 x HKR-06-34 and for HRR- IR 79089 x
HKR-04-487. The results obtained thus have great relevance to the future breeding programme
Description
Keywords
Developmental stages, Yields, Genetics, Grain, Planting, Rice, Genotypes, biological phenomena, Heritability, Harvesting