Studies on combining ability and heterosis in upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.)
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Date
2008
Authors
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to estimate standard
heterosis with the objective of exploring possibilities of its commercial
utilization and study of combining ability effects.
The material for the present study comprised of 42 hybrids
developed on three male lines (testers) using 14 female parents (lines)
in a line x tester mating design along with their 17 parents (14 lines
and 3 testers) and one standard check (HHH 223). The experimental
material was grown at Research Area of Cotton Section, Deptt. of Plant
Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar, during Kharif 2007 in a randomized block
design with three replications.
Observations were recorded for ten characters namely, plant
height, days to 50% flowering, boll number, boll weight, number of
monopods, number of sympods, ginning out turn, seed index, lint index
and seed cotton yield per plant.
The standard heterosis was calculated over standard check HHH
223. Marked economic heterosis was observed for most of the
characters studied. Among all the hybrids studied, cross combination
RS 875 x HS 88 exhibited heterotic effects (49.46%) for seed cotton
yield per plant followed by Machha early x HS 6 (40.23%), Tidewater 4 x
HS 88 (36.28%) and HS 223 x HS 88 (35.93%). The magnitude of
heterosis is reasonably high warranting their testing for commercial
exploitation. Significant positive heterosis for boll number was also
recorded in most of the promising hybrids.
Combining ability analysis revealed the presence of both additive
and non-additive variance where additive variance figured more
prominent over non-additive variance for almost all the characters. In
general none of the male or female parent showed high gca effects for
all the traits studied. Among testers HS 88 was the best general
combiner while among lines RS 875, HS 223 and HS 180 were
promising parents that could be utilized for future breeding programs.
Description
Keywords
Cotton, Yields, Heterosis, Sowing, Biological phenomena, Crossing over, Planting, hybrids, Additives, Beverages