Response of mungbean (Vigna radiata) to fertilizer and irrigation during summer
Loading...
Date
2014
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Response of mungbean (Vigna radiata ) to fertilizer and irrigation during summer” was carried during summer 2013 at crop research centre, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar. The treatments comprised two levels of fertilizers [50% of the recommended dose and the recommended dose of fertilizer (20 kg N, 40 kg P2O5 and 0 kg K2O/ ha)], three bio-fertilizers (Control, Rhizobium and Rhizobium + PSB) and four irrigation scheduling (Rainfed, one irrigation at 20 days after sowing, one irrigation at 40 days after sowing and two irrigations at 20 and 40 days after sowing). The treatments were replicated thrice in randomized block design. Observations on various growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, nodulation and qualitative parameters were recorded.
Growth attributes i.e., days to seedling emergence, plant height, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate and days to 50% flowering and yield indices i.e., length of pod, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant and 100 seed weight were significantly higher under recommended dose of fertilizer than 50% recommended dose of fertilizer. Among the bio-fertilizers, combined inoculation of seed with Rhizobium and PSB recorded higher values of growth and yield indices than control and Rhizobium inoculation. Two irrigations at 20 and 40 days after sowing recorded significantly higher values of growth as well as yield attributes than rainfed and one irrigation at 40 days after sowing but remained at par with one irrigation at 20 days after sowing. However, 100 seed weight was not significantly affected by irrigation scheduling.
Grain and straw yields were significantly affected by fertility levels. Recommended dose of fertilizer significantly enhanced grain and straw yield than 50% recommended dose of fertilizer. Among the bio-fertilizers, combined inoculation of seed with Rhizobium and PSB recorded significantly higher grain and straw yield but were at par with Rhizobium and both produced significantly higher yields over control. Two irrigations at 20 and 40 days after sowing recorded significantly higher grain and straw yields than rainfed control and one irrigation at 40 days after sowing but remained at par with one irrigation at 20 days after sowing.
Water use efficiency and water productivity were significantly influenced by fertility levels. Highest dose of fertilizer recorded significantly higher water use efficiency and water productivity than 50% recommended dose of fertilizer. Water use efficiency was not significantly affected by bio-fertilizers. However, water productivity was significantly influenced by bio-fertilizers. Combined inoculation of seed with Rhizobium +PSB recorded higher water productivity than control but was at par with Rhizobium. Water use efficiency and water productivity were not significantly influenced by irrigation scheduling but the magnitude of increase was higher under rainfed.
Nodulation i.e., number of nodules per plant, fresh and dry weight of nodules, total microbial count and microbial activity were significantly affected by fertilizer levels. The recommended dose of fertilizer recorded higher values of these indices than 50% of the recommended dose. Bio-fertilizers exerted significant effect on these indices. Combined inoculation of seed with Rhizobium and PSB recorded higher number of nodules, fresh and dry weight of nodules, total microbial count and microbial activity than Rhizobium inoculation and control. Irrigation scheduling also exerted significant effect on the nodulation indices except for the number of nodules per plant where non-significant variation was noticed. Maximum number of nodules, fresh and dry weight of nodules, total microbial count and microbial activity were recorded under two irrigations at 20 and 40 days after sowing than rainfed control and one irrigation at 40 days after sowing but remained at par with one irrigation at 20 days after sowing.
Recommended dose of fertilizer recorded significantly higher protein content in grain than 50% of the recommended dose. Among the bio-fertilizers, combined inoculation of seed with Rhizobium and PSB recorded higher protein content being at par with Rhizobium inoculation and both significantly scored over control. Among the irrigation scheduling, no significant variation in protein content was observed.
Total N, P, K uptake by the crop was significantly influenced by fertility levels. Maximum NPK uptake by crop was recorded at recommended dose of fertilizer. Similarly, total NPK uptake by crop was also significantly affected by bio-fertilizers. Highest NPK uptake was recorded under combined inoculation of seed with Rhizobium and PSB than control and Rhizobium inoculation. Seed inoculation with Rhizobium also recorded higher NPK- uptake by crop than control. Irrigation scheduling also had significant effect on nutrient uptake by crop. Significantly higher NPK- uptake by crop was recorded under two irrigations at 20 and 40 days after sowing over rainfed and one irrigation at 40 days after sowing but remained at par with one irrigation at 20 days after sowing.
Among the fertility levels, recommended dose of fertilizer recorded significantly higher value of gross return, net return and B: C ratio than 50% of the recommended dose. Combined inoculation of seed with Rhizobium and PSB although recorded significantly higher gross return, net return and B: C ratio but was at par with Rhizobium inoculation and both recorded significantly higher values over control. Two irrigations at 20 and 40 days after sowing being at par with one irrigation at 20 days after sowing in respect to gross return, net return and B:C ratio and both recorded significantly higher gross return, net return and B:C ratio than one irrigation at 40 days after sowing and rainfed control.
Description
Keywords
null