Application of brucellaphage in therapy of Brucellosis and as an adjunct to Brucella abortus vaccine in cattle and buffa
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Date
2016
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was aimed at exploring the potential of brucellaphage in therapy of cattle naturally infected with Brucella abortus and to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic vaccine (phage pulsed with Brucella abortus S-19) in clearance of Brucella organisms. A phage preparation made by growing phage on Brucella abortus strain 19 organisms and a phage pulsed vaccine containing phage: bacteria equivalent to MOI (1:50) were administered to infected cattle(n=6 each) whereas three untreated infected cattle served as the control.Antibody response to the phage pulsed vaccine was monitored using STAT, MAT, IHA and i-ELISA. Consistently higher antibody titres in phage pulsed vaccine group were observed at all stages of treatment. The antibody titres showed a classical pattern of gradual rise from prevaccination levels, achievement of peaks followed by gradual decline over a period of 90 days. The maximum STAT log10titre (2.204 + 0.69), MAT log10 titre (3.709 + 0.63) and IHA log10 titre (3.408 + 0.63) were observed at 45 days post treatment. The peak log10 values in treated group estimated by i-ELISA were (1.5060 +0.005). Significantly higher antibody titres were observed in treated groups at 45 DPT compared to that of 0 day by all agglutination tests (p<0.01). On serum biochemical analysis, the mean total protein and total globulin levels in both phage alone and phage pulsed vaccine groups also showed a pattern of gradual rise, achievement of peak at 45 day followed by decline. In control animals, the mean protein and globulin levels remained comparable with those of 0 day throughout. The increased levels in phage treated group could probably be due to the immune response of the animal against the brucellaphage. The increased proteins may include acute phase proteins, cytokines and antibodies against the phage. The efficiency of phage on clearance of Brucella organisms was monitored by reverse transcriptase PCR. There was a marked reduction in the thickness of band produced at required amplicon size of 223 bp from 0 to 90 day post treatment with both phage alone and phage pulsed vaccine could be suggestive of reduced level of Brucella organism. Although our preliminary results obtained in this study indicate the promise of phage alone and phage pulsed vaccine therapy, long term studies in large number of animals are required to get a conclusive picture