Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus spp. and Acinetobacter spp. in pet animals
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Date
2022
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
In the present study a total of 100 samples (rectal swab) collected for isolation and
identification of Enterococcus spp. Eighty (70 from dog, 10 from cats) samples were
collected from diseased animal and 20 (18 from dog, 2 from cat) sample were
collected from apparently healthy animals. The isolates which found positive from
diseased animals were 68 and the isolates which found positive from apparently
healthy animals were 10. Antibiogram against 23 antibiotics indicate a high
resistance against erythromycin i.e. 83.33%, co-trimoxazole (75.64%), ciprofloxacin
(71.79%). Resistance to vancomycin was found 28.57% in E. fecalis and 35% in E.
faecium in the isolates taken from diseased animals whereas none of the isolate was
found resistant to vancomycin in both the species in isolates taken from healthy
animals. Resistance to linezolid and teicoplanin was found 20.51% and 8.94%
respectively. Resistance to HLG was found 17.94% while resistace to HLS was
found 25.64%. 93% of Enterococcus species were multidrug resistant. Forty two
isolates were found as Vancomycin resistant and among them 2 were carried van B
gene. Enterococci isolates were also found to carry tet A, tetB, ermB, ermC, aadA
genes. For isolation of Acinetobacter spp., a total of 160 samples (urine, blood, skin
sample, wound) were collected from pet animals. Eight of the isolates (6 from urine,
1 from blood, 1 from wound) were found positive for Acinetobacter. Antibiogram
against 26 antibiotics in Acinetobacter spp. revealed highest resistance against
Amoxycillin/Clavulanc acid, erythromycin and tetracyclin i.e. 87.5%. None of the
isolates was found resistant to colistin. Three of the isolates were found positive for
ESBL production. blaOXA51 gene was used as confirmation for A. baumannii. Int I
gene was detected in all isolates. ermB, ermC, qnrD genes were present in 75% of
isolates. blaOXA51, NDM-1, ampC, tetA genes were present in 62.5% of isolates.
The result indicate that dogs can be considered as a potential reservoir of multidrug
resistant A. baumannii and Enterococcus spp.