INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT HERBICIDES ON WEED CONTROL, GROWTH, FLOWERING AND YIELD OF GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) cv. White Prosperity
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Date
2011-10
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ANDHRA PRADESH HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
A field experiment on “Influence of different herbicides on weed control, growth, flowering and yield of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus) cv. White Prosperity” was conducted at All India Coordinated Research Project on Floriculture, Horticultural Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during the year 2010-11. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with twelve treatments and replicated thrice.
The treatments consisted of Atrazine 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 Pre-emergence followed by one hand weeding 50 DAP (T1), Atrazine 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 Pre emergence (T2), Metribuzin 0.25 kg a.i. ha-1 Pre emergence followed by one hand weeding 50 DAP (T3), Metribuzin 0.50 kg a.i. ha-1 Pre emergence (T4), Butachlor 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 Pre emergence followed by one hand weeding 50DAP (T5), Butachlor 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 Pre emergence (T6), Pendimethalin 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1 Pre emergence followed by one hand weeding 50 DAP (T7), Pendimethalin 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1 Pre emergence (T8), Quizalofop ethyl 0.05 kg a.i ha-1 Post emergence at 2-3 leaf stage (T9), Control (T10), Hand weeding 25 and 50 DAP (T11) and Paddy straw (T12).
The results of the experiment indicated considerable difference among the treatments with respect to vegetative, floral and corm characteristics.
Maximum growth attributes viz., plant height, leaf length, leaf area were recorded in T12 while the maximum number of leaves per plant was obtained in T7 & T1 and maximum leaf width was recorded in pendimethalin T8 at higher concentration. Non significant result was recorded with respect to leaf width at initial stages with the different treatment combinations.
Further, it was observed that the different floral attributes viz., minimum days taken to 50% flowering observed in paddy straw mulch which was on par with T7, minimum days taken to spike initiation, maximum number of spikes per plant, maximum spike length , rachis length, minimum days taken for basal flower to open, maximum fresh weight of spike, floret length, floret diameter were observed in T12 where as maximum number of florets per spike and maximum number of spikes per plot was obtained in pendimethalin T7.
Among yield and corm attributes, maximum number of corms per plant were recorded in T7, maximum diameter of corm and fresh weight of corm was observed in paddy straw mulch T12, maximum number of cormels per plant, maximum diameter of cormels and fresh weight of cormels per plant was obtained in post emergence herbicide quizalofop ethyle T9.
Among all treatments lowest weed count, dry weight, weed index and highest weed control efficiency was recorded in treatment pendimethalin at lower concentration with one hand weeding T7.
The highest nutrient content in plants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were recorded in treatment T1, T4 and T3 & T12 respectively.
The results from the present study clearly showed that the application of pendimethalin at lower concentration 0.75 kg a.i. ha-1 followed by one hand weeding and paddy straw mulch resulted in the maximum net returns (Rs. 7,96,180 & Rs. 7,43,538) respectively with a benefit cost ratio of (1.21:1).
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herbicides on weed control, growth, flowering and yield ,Randomized Block Design ,vegetative, floral and corm characteristics.,