Studies on doubled haploid generation in wheat
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Date
2014
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Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)
Abstract
Production of haploid has significant value as genetic and breeding tool for crop improvement. The prime goal of haploid production is to achieve instant homozygosity through production of double haploids by chromosome doubling. Pure breeding lines can be developed rapidly using this technique. Haploids can be formed either by anther and pollen culture through androgenesis or by wide hybridization crosses followed by chromosome elimination from one parent through hybrid embryo culture. The production of wheat haploids through androgenesis and from the intergeneric hybridization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) has been exploited to rapidly achieve homozygosity in wheat breeding programs with the later method showing better results.
Culture of rescued embryos from wheat x maize cross resulted in callus formation and development of haploid plant. Anther and pollen culture of wheat parent resulted in development of callus and embryo like structures. The effects of pollination time, the type of hormone treatment of the spike and the method of hormone treatment on rescued embryo were evaluated. The effect of medium and genotype of the wheat parent on rescued embryo culture was observed. Similarly in anther culture the effect of genotype was assessed.
Further, SSR marker technique was used for the identification of wheat F1 hybrids along with its parental lines and their haploid rescued through embryo culture of wheat x maize, and it was proved that this technique can be successfully applied to distinguish and identify the hybrids from their parental lines and the haploid of the hybrid.
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