A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH FOR DIAGNOSIS OF LEPTOSPIROSIS IN DOMESTIC PIGS
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Date
2018
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College of Veterinary and animal Science,Mannuthy
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that in pigs primarily causes
reproductive disturbances. Samples collected from Centre for Pig Production and
Research (CPPR), Mannuthy and selected private farms in Thrissur were used for
the present study. Serum samples (n=103) were tested using microscopic
agglutination test (MAT) and an overall seropositivity of 35.92 per cent could be
detected. The serogroup Pomona (45.95 per cent) was the most prevalent among
the 37 positive samples followed by serogroups Grippotyphosa (24.32 per cent),
Canicola (13.51 per cent), Icterohaemorrhagiae (10.81 per cent) and Tarassovi
(5.41 per cent). Samples of serum (n=56), whole blood (n=52) and aborted foetus
(n=7) when tested using PCR for the presence of lipl32 gene of Leptospira, DNA
of three whole blood samples and one aborted foetus amplified the gene
producing an expected 767 bp amplicon. Latex agglutination test (LAT) and
indirect fluorescent antibody test (FAT) was standardised using seven-day-old
reference cultures of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona as positive controls
at 10-fold dilutions. However, none of the abortion samples tested using LAT and
FAT were positive. Attempts for isolation from positive samples were also made,
but Leptospira could not be isolated from any of the foetal membrane, liver,
kidney samples from the PCR positive animals. Hence in the present study, a
seroprevalence of 35.92 per cent for leptospirosis among pigs in Thrissur district
was detected using MAT, and PCR was found to be the most sensitive method for
directly detecting the presence of the organism in clinical samples, compared to
LAT, FAT and culture.